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A Comprehensive Systematic Review: Advancements in Skin Cancer Classification and Segmentation Using the ISIC Dataset

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2131-2164页

作者： madiha hameed Aneela Zameer Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja Department of Computer Sciences Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied SciencesNilore50700Islamabad Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyDouliou64002TaiwanChina Directorate of IT Services University of GujratGujrat50700Pakistan

The International Skin Imaging Collaboration(ISIC)datasets are pivotal resources for researchers in machine learning for medical image analysis,especially in skin cancer *** datasets contain tens of thousands of dermoscopic photographs,each accompanied by gold-standard lesion diagnosis *** challenges associated with ISIC datasets have spurred significant advancements,with research papers reporting metrics surpassing those of human *** cancers are categorized into melanoma and non-melanoma types,with melanoma posing a greater threat due to its rapid potential for metastasis if left *** paper aims to address challenges in skin cancer detection via visual inspection and manual examination of skin lesion images,processes historically known for their *** notable advancements in machine learning and deep learning models,persistent challenges remain,largely due to the intricate nature of skin lesion *** review research on convolutional neural networks(CNNs)in skin cancer classification and segmentation,identifying issues like data duplication and augmentation *** explore the efficacy of Vision Transformers(ViTs)in overcoming these challenges within ISIC dataset *** leverage their capabilities to capture both global and local relationships within images,reducing data duplication and enhancing model ***,ViTs alleviate augmentation issues by effectively leveraging original *** a thorough examination of ViT-based methodologies,we illustrate their pivotal role in enhancing ISIC image classification and *** study offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners looking to utilize ViTs for improved analysis of dermatological ***,this paper emphasizes the crucial role of mathematical and computational modeling processes in advancing skin cancer detection methodologies,highlighting their significance in improving algorithmic

关键词： Medical image skin cancer classification skin cancer segmentation international skin imaging collaboration convolutional neural network deep learning

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Comprehensive analysis of glacier recession(2000-2020)in the Nun-Kun Group of Glaciers,Northwestern Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 768-785页

作者： Shakil Ahmad ROMSHOO Ummer AMEEN Mustafa hameed BHAT Tariq ABDULLAH Department of Geoinformatics University of KashmirSrinagarKashmir 190006India Islamic University of Science and Technology AwantiporaKashmir 192122India Centre of Excellence for Glacier Studies in the Western Himalaya University of KashmirSrinagarKashmir 190006India

Himalayan glaciers are shrinking rapidly,especially after *** shrinkage,however,shows a differential pattern in space and time,emphasizing the need to monitor and assess glacier changes at a larger *** this study,changes of 48 glaciers situated around the twin peaks of the Nun and Kun mountains in the northwestern Himalaya,hereafter referred to as Nun-Kun Group of Glaciers(NKGG),were investigated using Landsat satellite data during *** in glacier area,snout position,Equilibrium Line Altitude(ELA),surface thickness and glacier velocity were assessed using remote sensing data supplemented by field *** study revealed that the NKGG glaciers have experienced a recession of 4.5%±3.4%and their snouts have retreated at the rate of 6.4±1.6 m·a^(-1).Additionally,there was a 41%increase observed in the debris cover area during the observation *** the geodetic approach,an average glacier elevation change of-1.4±0.4 m·a^(-1)was observed between 2000 and *** observed mass loss of the NKGG has resulted in the deceleration of glacier velocity from 27.0±3.7 m·a^(-1)in 2000 to 21.2±2.2 m·a^(-1)in *** ELA has shifted upwards by 83.0±22 m during the *** morphological and topographic factors showed a strong influence on glacier ***,a higher recession of 12.9%±3.2%was observed in small glaciers,compared to 2.7%±3.1%in larger *** debris-covered glaciers showed lower shrinkage(2.8%±1.1%)compared to the clean glaciers(9.3%±5%).The glacier depletion recorded in the NKGG during the last two decades,if continued,would severely diminish glacial volume and capacity to store water,thus jeopardizing the sustainability of water resources in the basin.

关键词： Nun-Kun range Glacier recession Glacier snout Remote Sensing Himalaya Glacier velocity

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Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Improved Deep Learning Models

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1049-1069页

作者： Sumaya S.Sulaiman Ibraheem Nadher Sarab M.hameed Computer Science Department Al-Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdad10001Iraq Computer Science Department University of BaghdadBaghdad10001Iraq Faculty of Basic Education Al-Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdad10001Iraq

Fraud of credit cards is a major issue for financial organizations and *** fraudulent actions become more complex,a demand for better fraud detection systems is *** learning approaches have shown promise in several fields,including detecting credit card ***,the efficacy of these models is heavily dependent on the careful selection of appropriate *** paper introduces models that integrate deep learning models with hyperparameter tuning techniques to learn the patterns and relationships within credit card transaction data,thereby improving fraud *** deep learning models:AutoEncoder(AE),Convolution Neural Network(CNN),and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)are proposed to investigate how hyperparameter adjustment impacts the efficacy of deep learning models used to identify credit card *** experiments conducted on a European credit card fraud dataset using different hyperparameters and three deep learning models demonstrate that the proposed models achieve a tradeoff between detection rate and precision,leading these models to be effective in accurately predicting credit card *** results demonstrate that LSTM significantly outperformed AE and CNN in terms of accuracy(99.2%),detection rate(93.3%),and area under the curve(96.3%).These proposed models have surpassed those of existing studies and are expected to make a significant contribution to the field of credit card fraud detection.

关键词： Card fraud detection hyperparameter tuning deep learning autoencoder convolution neural network long short-term memory resampling

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Inadvertent Laparoelytrotomy During the Second-Stage Cesarean Section:Relooking the Lost Art and Proposing Surgical Management and Prevention Strategies

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第1期6卷 9-12页

作者： Krystal Koh Shahul hameed Mohamed Sira Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology KK Women’s and Children’s HospitalSingapore 229899Singapore

Introduction Laparoelytrotomy,or anterior vaginotomy,describes a transverse vaginal *** has been described since the 19th century1–3 as a method of delivering the fetus during a second stage cesarean section(CS).4,5 More recently,reports have been published on inadvertent laparoelytrotomy during emergency CS at full cervical dilatation,due to the anatomical changes that occur with prolonged duration of obstructed labor.

关键词： Cesarean section Laparoelytrotomy Labor

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Endoscopic treatment of scarred polyps with a non-thermal device(Endorotor):A review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1706-1713页

作者： Mariam Zaghloul hameed Rehman Stefano Sansone Konstantinos Argyriou Adolfo Parra-Blanco Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversitKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt Department of Gastroenterology Service Nottingham City Hospital CampusNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottingham NG51PBUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41334Greece NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUnited Kingdom

Endoscopic resection(ER)of colorectal polyps has become a daily practice in most endoscopic units providing a colorectal cancer screening program and requires the availability of local experts and high-end endoscopic *** procedures have evolved over the past few years from endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)to more advanced techniques,such as endoscopic submucosal dissection and endo-scopic full-thickness *** resection and disease eradication are the ultimate goals of ER-based techniques,and novel devices have been developed to achieve these *** EndoRotor®Endoscopic Powered Resection System(Interscope Medical,Inc.,Northbridge,Massachusetts,United States)is one such *** EndoRotor is a powered resection tool for the removal of alimentary tract mucosa,including post-EMR persistent lesions with scarring,and has both CE Mark and FDA *** review covers available published evidence documenting the usefulness of EndoRotor for the management of recurrent colorectal polyps.

关键词： EndoRotor Scarred polyps Recurrent polyps Colorectal cancer Colorectal polyps

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Advancements and Challenges in Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Detection:A Comprehensive Review

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 64-75页

作者： Yasir hameed Department of Biotechnology Institute of BiochemistryBiotechnologyand BioinformaticsThe Islamia University of BahawalpurPakistan

This study provides an overview of the current landscape of biomarkers for colorectal cancer(CRC)detection,focusing on genetic,proteomic,circulating microRNA(miRNA),and metabolomic *** remains a significant global health challenge,ranking among the most prevalent cancers worldwide and being a leading cause of cancer-related *** advancements in screening methods such as colonoscopy,sigmoidoscopy,and fecal occult blood tests(FOBT),the asymptomatic nature of early-stage CRC often results in late diagnoses,negatively impacting patient *** biomarkers like APC,KRAS,TP53,and microsatellite instability(MSI)play critical roles in CRC pathogenesis and *** biomarkers,detectable through polymerase chain reaction,next-generation sequencing,and other advanced techniques,guide early detection and personalized treatment *** biomarkers such as CEA,CA 19-9,and novel signatures offer insights into CRC’s physiological changes and disease status,aiding prognosis and treatment response assessments through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and mass *** miRNAs,including miR-21 and miR-92a,present promising non-invasive biomarkers that can be detected in blood and stool samples,reflecting CRC presence,progression,and therapeutic *** biomarkers,encompassing amino acids,lipids,and TCA cycle intermediates,provide further insights into CRC-associated metabolic alterations,which are crucial for early detection and treatment monitoring using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic *** these advancements,challenges such as biomarker validation,standardization,and clinical utility *** research directions include integrating multi-omics approaches and leveraging technologies like liquid biopsies and AI for enhanced biomarker discovery and clinical *** addressing these challenges and advancing research in biomarker development,CRC screening and management could pote

关键词： Colorectal cancer Biomarker Diagnosis Detection

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Modern Ideas of Caring in Nursing Practices

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 247-255页

作者： Ukasha hameed Department of Microbiology Government College UniversityFaisalabad PunjabPakistan

For effective nursing practice,it is essential to have a strong foundation in ethical principles and a shared understanding of nursing and caring *** compassion in nursing is *** study aimed to elucidate the core ideals of compassion,ethics,and care in nursing *** can foster a deeper sense of personal significance in their caregiving relationships by demonstrating attentiveness,openness,and respect and treating each patient as an *** self-reflection,nurses can develop a greater understanding of nursing,compassion,and ethical principles within the caregiving *** reflective practice enables nurses to connect more profoundly with their patients,enhancing the quality of *** integrating these core ideals into their practice,nurses not only improve patient outcomes but also find greater personal fulfilment in their professional ***,cultivating compassion and ethical awareness is fundamental to the holistic and effective practice of nursing.

关键词： Nursing Patients Ethical principles Caregiving Compassion

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Dredged marine soil stabilization using magnesia cement augmented with biochar/slag

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 1000-1017页

作者： Chikezie Chimere Onyekwena Qi Li Yong Wang Ishrat hameed Alvi Wentao Li Yunlu Hou Xianwei Zhang Min Zhang State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Civil Engineering Architecture and EnvironmentHubei University of TechnologyWuhan430068China School of Urban Construction Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430065China School of Civil Engineering and Archtitecture Henan UniversityKaifeng475001China

Dredged marine soils(DMS)have poor engineering properties,which limit their usage in construction *** research examines the application of reactive magnesia(rMgO)containing supplementary cementitious materials(SCMs)to stabilize DMS under ambient and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))curing *** proprietary experimental tests were conducted to investigate the stabilized ***,the carbonation-induced mineralogical,thermal,and microstructural properties change of the samples were *** findings show that the compressive strength of the stabilized DMS fulfilled the 7-d requirement(0.7-2.1 MPa)for pavement and building *** rMgO with SCMs such as biochar or ground granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS)altered the engineering properties and particle packing of the stabilized soils,thus influencing their *** increased the porosity of the samples,facilitating higher CO_(2) uptake and improved ductility,while GGBS decreased porosity and increased the dry density of the samples,resulting in higher *** addition of SCMs also enhanced the water retention capacity and modified the pH of the *** analysis revealed that the hydrated magnesium carbonates precipitated in the carbonated samples provided better cementation effects than brucite formed during rMgO ***,incorporating SCMs reduced the overall global warming potential and energy demand of the rMgO-based *** biochar mixes demonstrated lower toxicity and energy ***,the rMgO and biochar blend can serve as an environmentally friendly additive for soft soil stabilization and permanent fixation of significant amounts of CO_(2) in soils through mineral carbonation,potentially reducing environmental pollution while meeting urbanization needs.

关键词： Dredged marine soil CO_(2)uptake Reactive magnesia Biochar Ground granulated blast-furnace slag

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A Pan-Cancer Analysis of GAPDH as a Common Biomarker for Various Cancers

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 105-120页

作者： Yasir hameed Department of Biotechnology Institute of BiochemistryBiotechnologyand BioinformaticsThe Islamia University of BahawalpurPakistan

Objective:To investigate the expression levels of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)and explore its prognostic value across 24 different human *** investigation was conducted using comprehensive bioinformatics and in vitro approaches,incorporating multiple layers of ***:GAPDH expression and methylation levels were assessed using bioinformatics tools and validated in cell lines through RNA-seq and targeted bisulfite-seq *** potential prognostic significance of GAPDH was evaluated using the KM ***,cBioPortal was employed to investigate genetic alterations associated with this *** analysis was conducted using ***,a correlation analysis between GAPDH expression and CD8+T immune cells was performed using TIMER and ***,a gene-drug interaction network analysis was conducted using Cytoscape to examine the relationship between GAPDH and various ***:GAPDH was found to be commonly upregulated in 24 types of human cancers,with its upregulation significantly correlated with poor relapse-free survival(RFS)and overall survival(OS)in BLCA,CESC,HNSC,KIRP,LIHC,and *** suggests that GAPDH plays a significant role in the development of these *** upregulation was also associated with various clinicopathological features in patients with BLCA,CESC,HNSC,KIRP,LIHC,and *** analysis revealed GAPDH’s involvement in diverse ***,notable correlations were observed between GAPDH expression and its promoter methylation level,genetic alterations,and CD8+T immune cell ***,several regulatory drugs targeting GAPDH were identified,with the potential to modulate its expression and potentially prevent conditions such as BLCA,CESC,HNSC,KIRP,LIHC,and ***:Based on our findings,GAPDH emerges as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for BLCA,CESC,HNSC,KIRP,LIHC,and LUAD.

关键词： Cancer Expression GAPDH Biomarker

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GINS1 as a Novel Biomarker of Survival in Colon Adenocarcinoma Patients-A Secondary Publication

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第3期8卷 60-67页

作者： Muhammad Umair Abid Yasir hameed Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan

The study focused on elaborating the role of GINS1 expression and its regulatory mechanisms in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). Using the UALCAN informational index, GINS1 expression assessment unveiled a critical up- regulation in malignant cells that stood out from normal controls, suggesting its contribution to COAD expansion. Further dismantling GINS1 expression across various boundaries revealed unsurprising up-regulation in different malignant development stages, racial groups, genders, and age classes in COAD patients, characteristics for its imperative role in cancer progression. Moreover, this study investigated the promoter methylation status of GINS1, uncovering a critical uniqueness between COAD samples and normal controls. Analyzing promoter methylation across various clinical boundaries uncovered powerful variations, with particular methylation patterns seen across cancer stages, race groups, genders, and age groups. Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter tool showed a colossal connection between GINS1 expression levels and overall survival (OS) in COAD patients, with low GINS1 expression interfacing with higher OS. Additionally, mutational examination using the cBioPortal stage revealed that no critical change was found in COAD. Overall, these findings revealed the complex contribution of GINS1 in COAD pathogenesis, underlining its actual limit as a prognostic biomarker and supportive therapeutic agent in COAD management.

关键词： Colon adenocarcinoma Diagnosis Treatment

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