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Python SystemVerilog (Python SV)

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2023年第3期11卷 409-416页

作者： Santhosh nagaraj nag Intel San Jose California USA

This paper discusses Python SystemVerilog (Python SV), a simulation-based verification approach leveraging the power of Python and SystemVerilog. The use of Python-implemented UVM classes in SystemVerilog enables users to write less code, minimize errors and reduce the verification time. This paper evaluates the use of Python SV in the verification of digital designs, its benefits, limitations, and future prospects. Python-SystemVerilog (Python-SV) is a research area that investigates the feasibility of building a high-level verification environment using Python and SystemVerilog. Python-SV aims to provide a unified framework for the design, simulation, and verification of digital systems, with an emphasis on ease of use and productivity. SystemVerilog is a hardware description and verification language that is widely used for designing digital systems. On the other hand, Python is a powerful, high-level programming language that is widely used in various fields, including software engineering, scientific computing, and data analysis. Python’s popularity has grown in recent years, primarily due to its simplicity, ease of use, and wide range of libraries and frameworks. Python-SV research primarily focuses on the following areas: 1) Integration of Python and SystemVerilog: Python-SV aims to seamlessly integrate SystemVerilog and Python, allowing designers to write test benches and verification code in Python and interface them with SystemVerilog modules. This integration simplifies the development process, making it easier to write and maintain large and complex verification environments. 2) Development of Python libraries for verification: Python-SV research focuses on developing Python libraries specifically for digital system verification. These libraries provide a higher-level interface for writing test benches and other functions, such as analysis and visualization of simulation results. 3) Implementation of verification methodologies: Python-SV research investi

关键词： Python-SystemVerilog (Python-SV) Design Framework Simulation

CXL (Compute Express Link) Technology

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2023年第6期11卷 94-102页

作者： Santhosh nagaraj nag Intel San Jose California USA

CXL (Compute Express Link) technology is a relatively new high-speed interconnect standard that was developed to enable faster communication between CPUs, GPUs, and other high-performance components in data center systems. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive technical overview of CXL technology, including its features, advantages, and potential applications in the modern data center environment. CXL Technology Research: CXL technology is based on Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) and its extensions. CXL 1.0 is a switch-based interconnect architecture that operates on PCIe Gen5 electrical signaling, achieving data speeds of up to 32 Giga transfers per second (GT/s) per lane. CXL technology provides hardware-based support for cache coherency and memory semantics. CXL technology architecture consists of three main components: 1) CXL Devices: Devices that are compatible with the CXL interface can include processors, accelerators such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), and Smart Storage Devices;2) CXL Switch: The switch enables communication between devices that support CXL. The switch can be external or embedded, allowing for more complex topologies;3) CXL Memory: CXL memory devices support the CXL protocol for the efficient sharing of System memory.

关键词： CXL Interconnect Protocol Memory

Investigation of air pollution concentration in Kathmandu valley during winter season

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第6期17卷 1008-1013页

作者： KONDO Akira KAGA Akikazu IMAMURA Kiyoshi INOUE Yoshio SUGISAWA Masahiko SHRESTHA Manohar lal SAPKOTA Balkrishan Graduate School of Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Osaka University JapanGraduate School of Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Osaka University JapanEnvironmental Pollution Control Center Osaka Prefecture JapanGraduate School of Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Osaka University JapanGraduate School of Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Osaka University JapanGraduate School of Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Osaka University JapanInstitute of Engineering Pulchok Tribhuvan University Nepal

The monthly concentrations of NO2, NOx, SO2 and O3 measured by a passive sampler from February 2003 to January 2004 showed that the air pollution during the winter season in Kathmandu valley was higher than the summer season. The O3 level was found the highest during April, May and June due to strong radiation. The hourly concentrations of NO2, NOx, O3 and suspended particulate matter（SPM） were also measured by automatic instruments on December 2003. Temperature at the height of 60 m and 400 m at Raniban Mountain in the northwest of Kathmandu valley was measured on February 2001 in the winter season and the average potential temperature gradient was estimated from observed temperature. Wind speed was also measured at the department of hydrology, airport section, from 18 February to 6 March 2001. It was found that the stable layer and the calm condition in the atmosphere strongly affected the appearance of the maximum concentrations of NO2 and SPM in the morning, and that the unstable layer and the windy condition in the atmosphere was considerably relevant to the decrease of air pollution concentrations at daytime. The emission amounts of NOx, HCs and total suspended particle（TSP） from transport sector in 2003 were estimated from the increasing rate of vehicles on the basis of the emission amounts in 1993 to be 3751 t/a, 30570 t/a and 1317 t/a, respectively. The diurnal concentrations in 2003 calculated by the two-layers box model reproduced the characteristics of air pollution in Kathmandu valley such as the maximum value of O3 and its time, the maximum value of NO in the morning, and the decrease of NO and NO2 at daytime. The comparison with the concentrations in 1993 calculated suggested that the main cause of air pollution was the emission from transport sector.

关键词： air pollution concentration Kathmandu vallay box model

Landscaping and performance of some aesthetic plant species in hot, arid conditions of India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第2期23卷 305-309页

作者： Rajesh Kumar Gupta Pradeep Chaudhry Rameshwar lal Srivastava Arid Forest Research Institute New Pali Road Jodhpur-342005 India

Establishment of ornamental and aesthetic plants in hot, arid conditions of India is difficult due to the prevailing climatic, edaphic and biotic factors. Effect of turfgrass on the growth of ornamental plants in hot arid conditions has not been studied so far anywhere in the world. A study was conducted on the campus of Arid Forest Research Institute, Jodhpur, India to assess the performance of a few ornamental plant spe- cies in combination with turfgrass and without turfgrass with respect to different soil tilling intervals. Growth of plants was better with turfgrass than without turfgrass. We suggest adopting a soil tilling interval of 30 days to achieve optimum growth of ornamental plant species in terms of height and crown diameter. Our results can help reduce labor costs and achieving better landscapes in fewer days in hot urban conditions of Indian sub continent.

关键词： omamental plants soil working interval Thar Desert turf grass urban forestry & urban greenery

An Elementary Proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem for Epsilons

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2021年第8期11卷 735-740页

作者： Bibek Baran nag Independent Researcher London UK

The author presents a new approach which is used to solve an important Diophantine problem. An elementary argument is used to furnish another fully transparent proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem. This was first stated by Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century. It is widely regarded that no elementary proof of this theorem exists. The author provides evidence to dispel this belief.

关键词： Diophantine Equations Fermat Fermat’s Last Theorem Elementary Number Modular Proof Factorize

A Real-Time Oral Cavity Gesture Based Words Synthesizer Using Sensors

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4523-4554页

作者： Palli Padmini C.Paramasivam G.Jyothish lal Sadeen Alharbi Kaustav Bhowmick Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Amrita School of EngineeringBengaluruAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamIndia Center for Computational Engineering and Networking(CEN) Amrita School of EngineeringCoimbatoreAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamIndia Department of Software Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering PES UniversityBengaluruIndia

The present system experimentally demonstrates a synthesis of syllables and words from tongue manoeuvers in multiple languages,captured by four oral sensors *** an experimental demonstration of the system used in the oral cavity,a prototype tooth model was *** on the principle developed in a previous publication by the author(s),the proposed system has been implemented using the oral cavity(tongue,teeth,and lips)features alone,without the glottis and the *** positions of the sensors in the proposed system were optimized based on articulatory(oral cavity)gestures estimated by simulating the mechanism of human *** system has been tested for all English alphabets and several words with sensor-based input along with an experimental demonstration of the developed algorithm,with limit switches,potentiometer,and flex sensors emulating the tongue in an artificial oral *** system produces the sounds of vowels,consonants,and words in English,along with the pronunciation of meanings of their translations in four major Indian languages,all from oral cavity *** experimental setup also caters to gender mapping of *** sound produced from the hardware has been validated by a perceptual test to verify the gender and word of the speech sample by listeners,with∼98%and∼95%accuracy,*** a model may be useful to interpret speech for those who are speech-disabled because of accidents,neuron disorder,spinal cord injury,or larynx disorder.

关键词： English vowels and consonants oral cavity proposed system sensors speech-disabled speech production vocal tract model

Ethnobotany and phytopharmacology of Pinus roxburghii Sargent:a plant review

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第6期11卷 371-376页

作者： Pawan Kaushik Dhirender Kaushik Sukhbir lal Khokra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kurukshetra University

Traditional medicine is a blend of information gathered over generations from various communities and cultures. Pinus roxburghii Sargent （Pinaceae） commonly known as ＂chir pine＂ is widely used in traditional and folkloric systems of medicine. The all parts of the plant are believed to possess medicinal qualities in Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine. In these traditional systems of medicine, the plant is used to heal many diseases, including afflictions of the eyes, ears, throat, blood, and skin. The plant parts are rich in various bioactive compounds such as a-pinene, abietic acid, quercetin and xanthone. Resin acids and flavanoid form a major portion of these bioactive compounds. This review presents examples of traditional medicinal uses for P. roxburghii, and subsequently explores the current understanding of the chemical, pharmacological, and biochemical properties of the extracts and the main active constituents found in each tissue of the plant. Clinical trial information is also included where available. Careful evaluation of these data may be helpful for scientists and researchers to discover and evaluate the specific chemical entities responsible for the traditional medicinal uses of P. roxburghii.

关键词： Pinus roxburghii Sargeant phytochemistry pharmacology ethnopharmacology review

Effects of Sudden Stratospheric Warming Events on the Distribution of Total Column Ozone over Polar and Middle Latitude Regions

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2016年第2期6卷 302-316页

作者： Vazhathottathil madhu Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Marine Sciences Cochin University of Science and Technology Cochin India

In winter the polar stratosphere is extremely cold. During the Sudden Stratospheric Warming events, the polar stratospheric temperature rises concurrently zonal-mean zonal flow weakens over a short period of time. As the zonal flow weakens, the stratospheric circulation becomes highly asymmetrical and the stratospheric polar vortex is displaced off the pole. The polar stratospheric temperature rises by 50°C and the stratospheric circumpolar flow reverses direction in a span of just few days. Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) leads to significant changes in the rate of several chemical reactions which occur in the polar stratosphere. During such events, the dynamical fields in the polar stratosphere completely altered and columnar ozone changed. This study concentrated on the variability of winter polar vortex, meridional temperature gradient and associated changes in the Total Column Ozone (TCO) over the polar and middle latitude regions. It is found that changes in the amount of column ozone are positively correlated with polar lower stratospheric temperature with colder (warmer) temperature correlating with less (high) amount column ozone. But in the middle latitude region we observed negative correlations between ozone concentration and stratospheric temperature. In almost all cases there is sudden increase of ozone concentration over the pole and after few days the value is reduced when the warming effect is weak. During SSW events there observed an increase of 30 DU in TCO from the average value over the pole and if the SSW is strong TCO is found to rise by 50 DU. But in the middle latitude approximately 10 DU increase is noted. From the above results it may be concluded that variability of column ozone depends on dynamic and stratospheric chemistry over the poles and in middle latitude the variability can be attributed to the dynamical aspects. Anomaly of column ozone is higher during sudden stratospheric warming events over both polar and middle latitude reg

关键词： Stratospheric Sudden Warming Total Column Ozone Polar Vortex

Pain management in chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2016-2022页

作者： Deb Sanjay nag Bhanu Pratap Swain Rishi Anand Tapas Kumar Barman Vatsala Department of Anaesthesiology Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831001India

Pain in chronic pancreatitis(CP)is difficult to *** patients suffer from inadequate pain relief,completely incapacitating them in their daily ***,despite their well-known adverse effects,opioids have been the pillar of treatment regimens in painful *** management is now gradually evolving with a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of CP-related *** should follow a holistic approach to the management of CPassociated pain,which must involve lifestyle changes that are coupled with analgesic medications and other pain-relieving ***,there is no easy cure for vanquishing CP-associated *** patient must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis by a multidisciplinary team to decide which treatment option is best suited for that individual.

关键词： Pancreatitis Abdominal pain Palliative care Analgesics Life style Psychology