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Direct recycling of Li-ion batteries from cell to pack level:Challenges and prospects on technology,scalability,sustainability,and economics

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 1-39页

作者： Joseph Jegan Roy Do Minh Phuong Vivek Verma Richa Chaudhary Michael Carboni Daniel Meyer Bin Cao madhavi Srinivasan Energy Research Institute@NTU(ERI@N) SCARCE LaboratoryNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore CEA CNRSENSCMUniversity of MontpellierUMR 5257(ICSM)Bagnols-sur-Cèze CedexFrance School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Direct recycling is a novel approach to overcoming the drawbacks of conventional lithium-ion battery(LIB)recycling processes and has gained considerable attention from the academic and industrial sectors in recent *** primary objective of directly recycling LIBs is to efficiently recover and restore the active electrode materials and other components in the solid phase while retaining electrochemical *** technology's advantages over traditional pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy are costeffectiveness,energy efficiency,and sustainability,and it preserves the material structure and morphology and can shorten the overall recycling *** review extensively discusses the advancements in the direct recycling of LIBs,including battery sorting,pretreatment processes,separation of cathode and anode materials,and regeneration and quality enhancement of electrode *** encompasses various approaches to successfully regenerate high-value electrode materials and streamlining the recovery process without compromising their electrochemical ***,we highlight key challenges in direct recycling when scaled from lab to industries in four perspectives:(1)battery design,(2)disassembling,(3)electrode delamination,and(4)commercialization and *** on these challenges and changing market trends,a few strategies are discussed to aid direct recycling efforts,such as binders,electrolyte selection,and alternative battery designs;and recent transitions and technological advancements in the battery industry are presented.

关键词： battery design cathode regeneration direct recycling graphite recycling lithium-ion battery,scaling-up

Detection and Classification of Diabetic RetinopathyThrough Identificationof Blood Vessel Thickness Using FOFF& ML Classifiers

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2024年

作者： G.Indira Devi D.madhavi Electronics and Communication Engineering， Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology and Sciences Department of Electrical， Electronics and Communications Engineering， GITAM University

Diabetes is a significant issue in the medical field. The detection and identification of the humaneye diseases caused byexcessive blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus are important. The main objective of this study is to propose a viable solution for diagnosis using fundus images. This study presents a stage by stage implementation methodology. The original fundus image is first pre-processed， then the blood vessels are segmented， and finally the features are extracted and classified. This work uses an effective way to introduce a meta-heuristic algorithm. Blood Vessel Segmentation (BVS) is vital in DR (Diabetic Retinopathy) detection; hence， this research proposes a Firefly-Optimized Frangi based Filter (FOFF). Categorizing the disease is the last *** classifier K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) has an accuracy of 91.62%， while the SVM does well with an accuracy score of 95.54%.

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An Extensive Review of Vitiligo-Associated Conditions

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第1期7卷 44-51页

作者： madhavi Premkumar Iyshwarya Bhaskar Kalarani Vajagathali Mohammed Ramakrishnan Veerabathiran Human Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory Faculty of Allied Health SciencesChettinad Hospital and Research InstituteChettinad Academy of Research and EducationKelambakkamTamil Nadu 603103India

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder caused by the destruction of melanocytes in various body *** diseases may accompany *** prevalence of vitiligo varies among geographical regions and shows no relation to sex or ***,vitiligo most commonly affects people aged 10 to 30 *** clinical symptoms of vitiligo include irregular patches on the skin and various diseases associated with this *** present review focuses on the clinical effects and risk factors of vitiligo-associated conditions and the current therapeutics for treating *** systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA guidelines and articles published from 2000 to 2023 in Web of Science,PubMed,PsycINFO,and *** most clinically significant diseases associated with vitiligo are alopecia areata,autoimmune thyroid disease,Addison disease,and type 1 diabetes *** targeted population is specifically prone to vitiligo;it does not affect any particular race or ***,awareness of the diseases associated with vitiligo is necessary to control them through various medical and surgical treatments with the proper facilities.

关键词： vitiligo autoimmune disorder melanocyte Addison disease atopic dermatitis

Cyber Resilience through Real-Time Threat Analysis in Information Security

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2024年第4期17卷 51-67页

作者： Aparna Gadhi Ragha madhavi Gondu Hitendra Chaudhary Olatunde Abiona Department of Computer Information Systems Indiana University Northwest Gary IN USA

This paper examines how cybersecurity is developing and how it relates to more conventional information security. Although information security and cyber security are sometimes used synonymously, this study contends that they are not the same. The concept of cyber security is explored, which goes beyond protecting information resources to include a wider variety of assets, including people [1]. Protecting information assets is the main goal of traditional information security, with consideration to the human element and how people fit into the security process. On the other hand, cyber security adds a new level of complexity, as people might unintentionally contribute to or become targets of cyberattacks. This aspect presents moral questions since it is becoming more widely accepted that society has a duty to protect weaker members of society, including children [1]. The study emphasizes how important cyber security is on a larger scale, with many countries creating plans and laws to counteract cyberattacks. Nevertheless, a lot of these sources frequently neglect to define the differences or the relationship between information security and cyber security [1]. The paper focus on differentiating between cybersecurity and information security on a larger scale. The study also highlights other areas of cybersecurity which includes defending people, social norms, and vital infrastructure from threats that arise from online in addition to information and technology protection. It contends that ethical issues and the human factor are becoming more and more important in protecting assets in the digital age, and that cyber security is a paradigm shift in this regard [1].

关键词： Cybersecurity Information Security Network Security Cyber Resilience Real-Time Threat Analysis Cyber Threats Cyberattacks Threat Intelligence Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Threat Detection Threat Mitigation Risk Assessment Vulnerability Management Incident Response Security Orchestration Automation Threat Landscape Cyber-Physical Systems Critical Infrastructure Data Protection Privacy Compliance Regulations Policy Ethics Cybercrime Threat Actors Threat Modeling Security Architecture

Variation of Flow Field Around Twin Cylinders with and Without the Outer Perforated Cylinder ? Numerical Study

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China Ocean Engineering 2016年第5期30卷 763-771页

作者： Chandrasekaran SRINIVASAN N.madhavi Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Department of Ocean Engineering IIT Madras

Presence of the outer perforated cylinder reduces the direct wave impact on the inner cylinder, which has been testified by many researchers. However, the force reduction mechanism, which is complicated due to the wave-porous structure interaction, needs to be addressed in detail. The present study explains the mechanism with the aid of the computational fluid dynamics （CFD） tool STAR CCM＋. This package is chosen for its capabilities to simulate viscous and turbulence effects caused by passage of waves. For the present study, flow fields around the twin cylinders with different orientations are examined with and without the outer perforated cover. Mechanism contributing to the reduction of force on the existing structure is explained in physical terms, and force reduction is quantified. The present study has direct application in the retrofitting application of offshore members.

关键词： CFD offshore structure perforated cylinder hydrodynamic force water particle kinematics twin cylinders

Om:One tool for many (Indian) languages

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1348-1353页

作者： GANAPATHIRAJU madhavi BALAKRISHNAN Mini BALAKRISHNAN N. REDDY Raj Language Technologies Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USASupercomputer Education and Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 IndiaSupercomputer Education and Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 IndiaLanguage Technologies Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

Many different languages are spoken in India, each language being the mother tongue of tens of millions of people. While the languages and scripts are distinct from each other, the grammar and the alphabet are similar to a large extent. One common feature is that all the Indian languages are phonetic in nature. In this paper we describe the development of a translit- eration scheme Om which exploits this phonetic nature of the alphabet. Om uses ASCII characters to represent Indian language alphabets, and thus can be read directly in English, by a large number of users who cannot read script in other Indian languages than their mother tongue. It is also useful in computer applications where local language tools such as email and chat are not yet available. Another significant contribution presented in this paper is the development of a text editor for Indian languages that integrates the Om input for many Indian languages into a word processor such as Microsoft WinWord?. The text editor is also developed on Java? platform that can run on Unix machines as well. We propose this transliteration scheme as a possible standard for Indian language transliteration and keyboard entry.

关键词： Om transliteration Indian language technologies Text editor

A multi-preference integrated algorithm(MPIA)for the deep learning-based recommender framework(DLRF)

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2022年第4期15卷 625-641页

作者： Vikram Maditham N.Sudhakar Reddy madhavi Kasa Computer Science and Engineering JNTUA CEAAnantapurIndia Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering TirupatiIndia JNTUA AnanthapuramuIndia

Purpose-The deep learning-based recommender framework(DLRF)is based on an improved long short-term memory(LSTM)structurewith additional controllers;thus,it considers contextual information for state *** also handles irregularities in the data to enhance performance in generating recommendations while modelling short-term *** algorithm named a multi-preference integrated algorithm(MPIA)is proposed to have dynamic integration of both kinds of user preferences *** experiments are made using Amazon benchmark datasets,and the results are compared with many existing recommender systems(RSs).Design/methodology/approach-RSs produce quality information filtering to the users based on their *** the contemporary era,online RSs-based collaborative filtering(CF)techniques are widely used to model long-term preferences of *** deep learning models,such as recurrent neural networks(RNNs),it became viable to model short-term preferences of *** the existing RSs,there is a lack of dynamic integration of both long-and short-term *** this paper,the authors proposed a DLRF for improving the state of the art in modelling short-term preferences and generating recommendations as ***-The results of the empirical study revealed that the MPIA outperforms existing algorithms in terms of performance measured using metrics such as area under the curve(AUC)and *** percentage of improvement in terms AUC is observed as 1.3,2.8,3 and 1.9%and in terms of F-1 score 0.98,2.91,2 and 2.01%on the ***/value-The algorithm uses attention-based approaches to integrate the preferences by incorporating contextual information.

关键词： Collaborative filtering Deep learning User preference integration Recommender systems

Inverse opal manganese dioxide constructed by few-layered ultrathin nanosheets as high-performance cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2019年第6期12卷 1347-1353页

作者： Hao Ren Jin Zhao Lan Yang Qinghua Liang Srinivasan madhavi Qingyu Yan School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Energy Research Institute(ERI@N) Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637553Singapore

Considering the high safety,low-cost and high capacity,aqueous zinc ion batteries have been a potential candidate for energy storage ensuring smooth electricity ***,we have synthesized inverse opal manganese dioxide constructed by few-layered ultrathin nanosheets by a solution template method at mild *** ultrathin nanosheets with the thickness as small as 1 nm are well separated without obvious *** as cathode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries,the few-layered ultrathin nanosheets combined with the inverse opal structure guarantee excellent performance.A high specific discharge capacity of 262.9 mAh·g^-1 is retained for the 100th cycle at a current density of 300 mA·g^-1 with a high capacity retention of 95.6%.A high specific discharge capacity of 121 mAh·g^-1 at a high current density of 2,000 mA·g^-1 is achieved even after 5,000 long-term *** ex-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns,selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results demonstrate that the discharge/charge processes involve the reversible formation of zinc sulfate hydroxide hydrate on the cathode while in-plane crystal structure of the layered bimessite MnO2 could be *** unique structured MnO2 is a promising candidate as cathode material for high capacity,high rate capability and long-term aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

关键词： inverse opal ultrathin few-layered nanosheets MnO2 zinc ion batteries

Emerging rechargeable aqueous aluminum ion battery:Status,challenges,and outlooks

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Nano Materials Science 2020年第3期2卷 248-263页

作者： Du Yuan Jin Zhao William Manalastas Jr Sonal Kumar madhavi Srinivasan Energy Research Institute Nanyang Technological University637553Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore

Aluminum ion battery(AIB)technology is an exciting alternative for post-lithium energy *** based on ionic liquids have enabled advances in both cathode material development and fundamental understanding on ***,unlocking chemistry in rechargeable aqueous aluminum ion battery(AAIB)provides impressive prospects in terms of kinetics,cost,safety considerations,and ease of *** review the progress on AAIB,we discuss the critical issues on aluminum electrochemistry in aqueous system,cathode material design to overcome the drawbacks by multivalent aluminum ions,and challenges on electrolyte design,aluminum stripping/plating,solid-electrolyte interface(SEI)formation,and design of cathode *** review aims to stimulate exploration of high-performance AAIB and rationalize feasibility grounded on underlying reaction mechanisms.

关键词： Aluminum ion battery Aqueous aluminum ion battery Rechargeable Al stripping/plating SEI