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Application of U-Net and Optimized Clustering in Medical Image Segmentation:A Review

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第9期136卷 2173-2219页

作者： Jiaqi Shao Shuwen Chen Jin Zhou Huisheng Zhu Ziyi Wang mackenzie brown School of Physics and Information Engineering Jiangsu Second Normal UniversityNanjing211200China State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Basic Education Big Data Application Nanjing211200China School of Data Science Perdana UniversitySerdangSelangor43400Malaysia

As a mainstream research direction in the field of image segmentation,medical image segmentation plays a key role in the quantification of lesions,three-dimensional reconstruction,region of interest extraction and so *** with natural images,medical images have a variety of ***,the emphasis of information which is conveyed by images of different modes is quite *** it is time-consuming and inefficient to manually segment medical images only by professional and experienced ***,large quantities of automated medical image segmentation methods have been ***,until now,researchers have not developed a universal method for all types of medical image *** paper reviews the literature on segmentation techniques that have produced major breakthroughs in recent *** the large quantities of medical image segmentation methods,this paper mainly discusses two categories of medical image segmentation *** is the improved strategies based on traditional clustering *** other is the research progress of the improved image segmentation network structure model based on *** power of technology proves that the performance of the deep learning-based method is significantly better than that of the traditional *** paper discussed both advantages and disadvantages of different algorithms and detailed how these methods can be used for the segmentation of lesions or other organs and tissues,as well as possible technical trends for future work.

关键词： Medical image segmentation clustering algorithm U-Net

Edge Detection of COVID-19 CT Image Based on GF_SSR, Improved Multiscale Morphology, and Adaptive Threshold

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第7期132卷 81-94页

作者： Shouming Hou Chaolan Jia Kai Li Liya Fan Jincheng Guo mackenzie brown School of Computer Science and Technology Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454000China City College Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710018China Department of Thoracic Surgery Jiaozuo Second People’s HospitalJiaozuo454000China School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalup6027Australia

Edge detection is an effective method for image segmentation and feature ***,extracting weak edges with the inhomogeneous gray of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)CT images is extremely *** morphology has been widely used in the edge detection of medical images due to its excellent boundary detection *** this paper,we propose a weak edge detection method based on Gaussian filtering and singlescale Retinex(GF_SSR),and improved multiscale morphology and adaptive threshold binarization(IMSM_ATB).As all the CT images have noise,we propose to remove image noise by Gaussian *** edge of CT images is enhanced using the SSR *** addition,based on the extracted edge of CT images using improved Multiscale morphology,a particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is introduced to binarize the image by automatically getting the optimal *** evaluate our method,we use images from three datasets,namely COVID-19,Kaggle-COVID-19,and COVID-Chestxray,*** average values of results are worthy of reference,with the Shannon information entropy of 1.8539,the Precision of 0.9992,the Recall of 0.8224,the F-Score of 1.9158,running time of ***,three types of lesion images in the COVID-19 dataset are selected to evaluate the visual effects of the proposed *** with the other four algorithms,the proposed algorithm effectively detects the weak edge of the lesion and provides help for image segmentation and feature extraction.

关键词： COVID-19 SSR multiscale morphology PSO adaptive threshold edge detection

Differentiate Xp11.2 Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma from Computed Tomography Images and Clinical Data with ResNet-18 CNN and XGBoost

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 347-362页

作者： Yanwen Lu Wenliang Ma Xiang Dong mackenzie brown Tong Lu Weidong Gan Department of Urology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing210008China School of Data Science Perdana UniversitySerdang43400Malaysia State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China

This study aims to apply ResNet-18 convolutional neural network(CNN)and XGBoost to preoperative computed tomography(CT)images and clinical data for distinguishing Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma(Xp11.2 tRCC)from common subtypes of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)in order to provide patients with individualized treatment *** from45 patients with Xp11.2 tRCC fromJanuary 2007 to December 2021 are *** cell RCC(ccRCC),papillary RCC(pRCC),or chromophobe RCC(chRCC)can be detected from each *** images are acquired in the following three phases:unenhanced,corticomedullary,and nephrographic.A unified framework is proposed for the classification of renal *** this framework,ResNet-18 CNN is employed to classify renal cancers with CT images,while XGBoost is adopted with clinical *** demonstrate that,if applying ResNet-18 CNN or XGBoost singly,the latter outperforms the former,while the framework integrating both technologies performs similarly or better than ***,the possibility of misclassifying Xp11.2 tRCC,pRCC,and chRCC as ccRCC by the proposed framework is much lower than urologists.

关键词： ResNet-18 CNN XGBoost computed tomography TFE3 renal cell carcinoma

Towards a precision psychiatry approach to anxiety disorders with ecological momentary assessment:the example of panic disorder

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General Psychiatry 2020年第1期33卷 23-29页

作者： Donald J Robinaugh mackenzie L brown Olivia M Losiewicz Payton J Jones Luana Marques Amanda W Baker Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

Background Treatments for anxiety disorders are among the most effective in ***,there is considerable room for *** In this paper,we discuss the value of ecological momentary assessment as a research method and clinical *** We begin by describing ecological momentary assessment and its advantages,including the ability to collect ecologically valid information about mental disorders,in real time,in individual *** then illustrate the value of this approach for anxiety disorder treatment using two patients with panic disorder who completed ecological momentary assessments for 2 weeks before and after a cognitive-behavioural therapy *** focus especially on two key pieces of information provided by ecological momentary assessment data:information about symptom dynamics and information about the relationships among symptoms as they unfold overtime within individual *** Although considerable work is needed to further develop this methodology in the context of anxiety disorder treatment,we believe that these pieces of information may ultimately inform our understanding of how anxiety disorder treatments have their effect and how those treatments can be tailored to individual patients.

关键词： disorders moment treatment

Assessing vulnerability to panic:a systematic review of psychological and physiological responses to biological challenges as prospective predictors of panic attacks and panic disorder

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General Psychiatry 2019年第6期32卷 297-303页

作者： Donald J Robinaugh Meredith J Ward Emma R Toner mackenzie L brown Olivia M Losiewicz Eric Bui Scott P Orr Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Cognitive-behavioural theories of panic disorder posit that panic attacks arise from a positive feedback loop between arousal-related bodily sensations and perceived *** a recently develope computational model formalising these theories of pani attacks,it was observed that the response to a simulate perturbation to arousal provided a strong indicator of vulnerability to panic attacks and panic *** this/review,we evaluate whether this observation is borne o in the empirical literature that has examined responses biological challenge(eg,C02 inhalation)and their relatio to subsequent panic attacks and panic *** We searched PubMed,Web of Science and PsycINFO using keywords denoting provocation agents(eg,sodium lactate)and procedures(eg,infusion)combined with keywords relevant to panic disorder(eg,panic).Articles were eligible if they used response to a biologic challenge paradigm to prospectively predict panic attac or panic *** We identified four eligible *** effect sizes suggest that there is biological challenge response a moderate prospective association with subsequent pani attacks,but no prospective relationship with panic disorde Conclusions These findings provide support for the prediction derived from cognitive-behavioural theories an some preliminary evidence that response to a biological challenge may have clinical utility as a marker of vulnerab to panic attacks pending further research and developme Trial registration number 135908.

关键词： behaviour subsequent sizes

Regulator of G protein signaling 6 mediates exercise-induced recovery of hippocampal neurogenesis,learning,and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2969-2981页

作者： mackenzie M.Spicer Jianqi Yang Daniel Fu Alison N.DeVore Marisol Lauffer Nilufer S.Atasoy Deniz Atasoy Rory A.Fisher Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Iowa Neuroscience Institute University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Neural Circuits and Behavior Core University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA

Hippocampal neuronal loss causes cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s *** hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s *** stimulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents and improves memory and slows cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s ***,the molecular pathways for exercise-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improved cognition in Alzheimer’s disease are poorly ***,regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGS6)was identified as the mediator of voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in ***,we generated novel RGS6fl/fl;APP_(SWE) mice and used retroviral approaches to examine the impact of RGS6 deletion from dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells on voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in an amyloid-based Alzheimer’s disease mouse *** found that voluntary running in APP_(SWE) mice restored their hippocampal cognitive impairments to that of control *** cognitive rescue was abolished by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells,which also abolished running-mediated increases in adult hippocampal *** hippocampal neurogenesis was reduced in sedentary APP_(SWE) mice versus control mice,with basal adult hippocampal neurogenesis reduced by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neural precursor ***6 was expressed in neurons within the dentate gyrus of patients with Alzheimer’s disease with significant loss of these RGS6-expressing ***,RGS6 mediated voluntary running-induced rescue of impaired cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in APP_(SWE) mice,identifying RGS6 in dentate gyrus neural precursor cells as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： adult hippocampal neurogenesis Alzheimer’s disease dentate gyrus exercise learning/memory neural precursor cells regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGS6)

New complex physiological findings evolve hypothesized mechanisms of Dravet syndrome

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1867-1868页

作者： mackenzie A.Howard Department of Neurology Dell Medical SchoolAustinTXUSA Center for Learning and Memory and Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies(DEEs)are neurological disorders generally involving medically intractable seizures and a diverse array of comorbid neuropsychiatric delays and deficits that may severely affect cognition,mood,sleep,social behavior,movement control,learning,and/or *** syndrome(DS),also known as Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy of Infancy.

关键词： sized finding seizures

After Artificial Intelligence Breaks Longstanding Matrix Multiplication Records,Humans Quickly Do Better

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Engineering 2023年第9期28卷 1-3页

作者： Dana mackenzie Senior Technology Writer

In October 2022,machine learning experts at Deep Mind(London,UK),a subsidiary of Google(Mountain View,CA,USA),reported a“breakthrough”on an extremely common mathematical algorithm called matrix multiplication[1].In previous years,DeepMind has made headlines with its successes in using deep learning to master various games,such as Go[2],chess,and even the strategic board game Diplomacy,and,in a more recent and clearly practical application with its Alpha Fold program[3].

关键词： breakthrough Quick Deep

Relative abundance of American badger (Taxidea taxus) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in landscapes with high and low rodenticide poisoning levels

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第1期7卷 41-47页

作者： Gilbert PROULX Neil mackenzie Alpha Wildlife Research&Management Sherwood ParkAlbertaCanada

Over the past decade,extensive poisoning campaigns have been conducted in southern Saskatchewan to control Richardson’s ground squirrel Spermophilus richardsonii(Sabine,1822)*** campaigns might impact on predator abundance by decreasing prey levels,and also through secondary *** spotlighting,we investigated the relative abundance of American badgers Taxidea taxus(Schreber,1777)and red fox Vulpes vulpes(Linnaeus,1758)in 2 study areas with road access and crops,but with different levels of *** the study area with relatively low poisoning(19.6%of the area traversed by roads),there were 2.2 times more American badgers per km of road and 6.4 times more red foxes per km than in the study area with high poisoning(89.7%of the area).It is recommended that an Integrated Pest Management program be developed to conserve natural predators across landscapes.

关键词： ground squirrels poisoning populations predators