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Predation risk affects egg mass but not egg steroid hormone concentrations in yellow-legged gulls

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 401-408页

作者： Cristina Daniela Possenti Alexandra Bea Bentz Andrea Romano Marco Parolini manuela Caprioli Diego Rubolini Kristen Navara Nicola Saino Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of Milan Via Giovanni Celoria 26 Milano 20133 Italy Department of Agricultural and Environ mental Sciences Un iversity of Georgia 203 Poultry Science Building Athens GA 30602 USA

Predators have both direct, consumptive effects on their prey and non-lethal effects on physiology and behavior, including reproductive decisions, with cascading effects on prey ecology and evol tion. Here, we experime ntally tested such non-lethal effects of exposure to in creased predati on risk on clutch size, egg mass, and the concentration of yolk steroid hormones in the yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis. We simulated increased predation risk by displaying stuffed predators (adult fox Vulpes vulpes, and adult buzzard Buteo buteo) to breeding adults before egg laying. The concentration of corticosterone, which has bee n show n to in crease un der exposure to mater nal predati on risk in other species, and of testosterone did not differ between eggs from mothers exposed to the predators and eggs from control mothers (i.e., eggs exposed to a novel object of similar size and position to the stuffed predators). The concentration of the two hormones negatively covaried. Clutch size did not vary according to experimental treatment, whereas egg mass was markedly larger in clutches from n ests exposed to predators than in clutches from control n ests. By in creasing egg mass, mothers may reduce the risk of cooling of the eggs when incubation is impeded by predators, boost energy reserves, reduce post-natal detectability caused by food solicitation, and/ or enha nee developme nt at hatchi ng, thus increasing the cha nces of offspri ng survival. In general, our results are inconsistent with most of the few previous studies on similar non-lethal predator effects and suggest that such effects may vary among species according to ecological conditions, social behavior, and developmental mode.

关键词： clutch size corticosterone egg size predation effects testosterone

Sociological Complexity Theory:From Epistemology to Empirical Methodology

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Sociology Study 2023年第3期13卷 105-115页

作者： Rina manuela Contini University of L’Aquila L’AquilaItaly

This study,through a re-conceptualization of sociological complexity theory’s epistemological sources,specifically in Edgar Morin’s formulation,sheds light on the theoretical models as well as empirical methodologies of sociological analysis of today’s complex,interconnected,diverse and globalized society and global *** theory leads to a shift in perspective and a transformation of the epistemological status of social sciences with an in-depth intervention of disorder,contingency,case,singular,and non-repeatable in the sociological *** notion of dialogic interplay is placed at the paradigm level and stands out at the heart of the concepts,analyzing the social system as ***,the notion of‘emergence’at macro-micro levels imposes itself as complex,logically requiring overcoming simple,linear thinking and model of explanation to adopt the perspective of organizational rotativity in which the product retroacts by transforming the one producing it,by conceiving a circularity of co-production between individuals and society through *** epistemology and sociological complexity theory in the empirical methodology setting,the complex sociological approach is phenomenon-,event/information-and crisis-centered,privileging observation,participation-intervention,and‘live inquiry’.The open,in-depth and possibly non-directive interview is part of clinical sociological methodology,raising the question of the observer-phenomenon-observed relation.

关键词： complexity sociology theory and methodology social system emergence micro-macro analysis participation-intervention

Diagnosis Traps in Polyarteritis Nodosa- Original Case Report

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第7期7卷 749-753页

作者： Stoicescu manuela Department of Medical Disciplines University of Oradea Oradea 410167 Romania

Purpose： The purpose of this clinical case study is to attract attention to the fact that behind a diagnosis of hypertension a young patient was really diagnosed with a rare systemic vasculitis - polyarteristis nodosa. Topic： Polyarteritis nodosa is a disease more frequent in young men with a preceding acute viral hepatitis B which is AgHbs positive. The characteristic of this disease is the presence of many aneurysms at different sites of the small and medium size artery. It is possible for a palpable purpuric rash to appear at any time in the evolution of the disease. The histopathological examination represents the goal of the diagnosis. Method： The principals methods was to attain the desired result, a cerebral MRI was initially performed in order to view any brain malformations and also for excluded an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke attack , this was followed via a cerebral vascular angiography, an abdominal ultrasound and CT scan, the results of which led to a renal artery angiography being performed, this led to the need to perform a cerebral artery angiography and finally a histopathological examination of the skin of the legs （biopsy）. Achievement： Through the above listed paramedical examinations I was able to prove the existence of multiple aneurysms in the cerebral arteries, renal arteries and small growth of the left kidney, this being a direct result of the aneurysms, this also meant disruption in kidney blood flow meaning, an increase in systemic blood pressure which was the manifest primary symptom the this young patient such as transitory stroke attack. The skin biopsy finally gave a certain diagnosis of Polyarteritis Nodosa.

关键词： Artery aneurysms polyarteritis nodosa.

Functional properties of peptides obtained from whey proteins by ficin extract hydrolysis

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 918-927页

作者： Afaf Kheroufi María E.Brassesco Débora A.Campos Halima Boughellout manuela E.Pintado Laboratoire de Génie Agro-alimentaire équipe Génie des Procédés AlimentairesBiodiversité et Agro environnementInstitut de la Nutritionde l’Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimentaires INATAAUniversité Frères Mentouri Constantine 1BP 325 Route de Ain El BeyConstantineAlgeria CBQF – Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado Escola Superior de BiotecnologiaUniversidade Católica Portuguesa/PortoRua de Diogo Botelho 13274169-005PortoPortugal

Enzymatic whey proteins concentrates (WPC) hydrolysis under optimal conditions of ficin crude extract (FCE) in two ratios E/S (0.5 and 1%) was studied,assessing the impact of hydrolysis on WPC by determination degree of hydrolysis (DH),Fast proteins liquid chromatography (FPLC),Tricine SDS-PAGE,antioxidant activity at sampling time beside,and technological properties (solubility,emulsifying activity index (EAI) and foaming activity (FA)) at the best condition (maximum DH and antioxidant activity) other *** showed,in the first 30 min,DH reached 22.76% at E/S (1%) with a total degradation of α-lactalbumin (α-La) and almost of β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg).A significant increase in antioxidant activity and solubility was observed,while not for EAI,and *** results indicate for the first time that β-Lg is susceptible to hydrolyse by FCE that rarely found for other *** hydrolysates showed very relevant performance,and suggest that could be appropriate production of functional ingredients.

关键词： Whey proteins Ficin Hydrolysis Antioxidant Solubility

Influence of Interrupted Childhood Biographies on Health Development: Evaluation of the Scientific Literature on the Example of Being Taken into Care*

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 108-119页

作者： manuela Loderer Ursula Gresser Dental Office for Orthodontics Dingolfing Germany Outpatient Clinic for Internal Medicine and Medical Expert Reports Munich Germany

Background: An interrupted family history, as is the case after taking someone into care, can complicate collecting family anamnesis data. In addition, the interrupted family history itself could be considered part of a person’s risk profile. Aim and methods: Literature analysis was conducted to examine whether there are scientific studies on health development after placement in out-of-home-care in order to recognise any existing medical characteristics that may be relevant for internal medical care. Results: There are few scientific publications on the health development of people after being placed in out-of-home-care. Direct reactions to the stress of being taken into custody include nausea and fever. However, effects that go beyond the acute situation and last into adulthood have also been described, such as AD(H)D, asthma, diabetes, cancer, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, stroke), epilepsy and increased overall mortality in adulthood. Studies show that not only previous experience but also the stress of being taken into care is triggers for this. Conclusion: Information about a previous institutionalisation can hence be important for internal medical practice. The available scientific literature shows heterogeneous study methodology and no group of people with experience of out-of-home-placement has yet been scientifically accompanied for a long time period. Further studies on this could help to better weigh up the consequences of omitting and conducting an intervention for child/youth protection as well as to improve the medical care for this group of people.

关键词： Taking into Care Out-of-Home-Care Interrupted Family History Physical Outcomes Internal Medicine

The Arabidopsis pattern recognition receptor EFR enhances fire blight resistance in apple

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 2615-2623页

作者： Stefano Piazza manuela Campa Valerio Pompili Lorenza Dalla Costa Umberto Salvagnin Vladimir Nekrasov Cyril Zipfel Mickael Malnoy Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele a/AdigeItaly Genetics Department Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa The Sainsbury Laboratory University of East AngliaNorwichUnited Kingdom Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Present address:Plant Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK

Fire blight disease,caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora(***),is responsible for substantial losses in cultivated apples *** important mechanism of plant immunity is based on the recognition of conserved microbial molecules,named pathogen-associated or microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs or MAMPs),through pattern recognition receptors(PRRs),leading to pattern-triggered immunity(PTI).The interspecies transfer of PRRs represents a promising strategy to engineer broad-spectrum and durable disease resistance in ***,the Arabidopsis thaliana PRR for the PAMP elf18 derived from the elongation factor thermal unstable(EF-Tu)proved to be effective in improving bacterial resistance when expressed into Solanaceae and other plant *** this study,we tested whether EFR can affect the interaction of apple with *** by its ectopic expression in the susceptible apple rootstock *** EFR expression led to the activation of PAMP-triggered immune response in apple leaves upon treatment with supernatant of ***,as measured by the production of reactive oxygen species and the induction of known defense *** amount of tissue necrosis associated with *** infection was significantly reduced in the EFR transgenic rootstock compared to the *** results show that the expression of EFR in apple rootstock may be a valuable biotechnology strategy to improve the resistance of apple to fire blight.

关键词： blight resistance pattern

Freeze-dried jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) peel powder, a rich source of anthocyanins and phenolic acids, mitigates inflammation-driven colorectal cancer in mice

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FOOD BIOSCIENCE 2023年第3期53卷 1060-1071页

作者： do Nascimento, Roberto de Paula Rizzato, Julia Soto Polezi, Gabriele Moya, Amanda Maria Tomazini Munhoz Silva, Milena Ferreira machado, Ana Paula da Fonseca Franchi Junior, Gilberto Carlos Borguini, Renata Galhardo Santiago, manuela Cristina Pessanha de Araujo Paiotti, Ana Paula Ribeiro Pereira, Jose Aires Martinez, Carlos Augusto Real Marostica Junior, Mario Roberto Univ Campinas UNICAMP Sch Food Engn FEA Dept Food Sci & Nutr DECAN Lab Nutr & Metab LANUM Campinas SP Brazil Univ Campinas UNICAMP Sch Food Engn FEA Dept Food Sci & Nutr DECAN Lab Food Nutr & Hlth Campinas SP Brazil Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP Lab Cellular & Behav Pharmacol Diadema Campus Diadema SP Brazil Univ Campinas UNICAMP Integrated Res Ctr Onco Hematol Childhood Dis Sch Med Sci FCM Campinas SP Brazil Brazilian Agr Res Corp EMBRAPA Embrapa Food Technol Rio De Janeiro RJ Brazil Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP Lab Hepatol Mol Appl Discipline Gastroenterol Sao Paulo Campus Sao Paulo SP Brazil Sao Francisco Univ USF Postgrad Program Hlth Sci Braganca Paulista Campus Braganca Paulista SP Brazil

This study aimed to characterize the peel of jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba (Vell.) O. Berg) by spectrophotometry and chromatography, and investigate its effects on mice with inflammation-driven colorectal cancer (CRC). Freeze-dried jaboticaba peel (FDJP) showed a high antioxidant capacity in vitro, and to be mostly a source of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, gallic acid, and ellagic acid. In the animal bioassay, FDJP added at 5% in the diet during 114 days completely abolished the formation of adenocarcinoma, which had an incidence of 75% in the non-treated group. Animals consuming FDJP showed low histology damage regarding inflammatory infiltrate, edema, and crypt distortion. FDJP significantly reduced the colonic levels of proinflammatory markers interleukin-1beta and cyclooxygenase-2, and demonstrated a probability to decrease the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factor kappa B. In summary, FDJP mitigated CRC, possibly by avoiding triggering inflammation. Such benefit may come from its rich content in anthocyanins and phenolic acids.

关键词： Brazil Carcinogenesis Colitis Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Flavonoid Fruit

Graphene-Oxide Mediated Chemodivergent Ring-Opening of Cyclobutanols

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第11期41卷 1333-1340页

作者： Andrea Brunetti Angela Pintus Lorenzo Lombardi Alessandro Kovtun Federico Mascietti Francesco Bruno Enrico Ravera manuela Melucci Giulio Bertuzzi Marco Bandini Dipartimento di Chimica“Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater StudiorumUniversitàdi BolognaVia Selmi 240126BolognaItaly Istituto per la Sintesi e la Fotoreattività(ISOF)–CNR Via Gobetti10140129BolognaItaly Magnetic Resonance Center(CERM) University of FlorenceVia L.Sacconi 650019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Department of Chemistry“Ugo Schiff” University of FlorenceVia della Lastruccia 350019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Center for Chemical Catalysis–C3 Alma Mater StudiorumUniversitàdi Bolognavia Selmi 240126BolognaItaly

The chemodivergent ring-opening of cyclobutanols is described under the carbocatalytic assistance of graphene oxide(GO).The protocol enables the synthesis of diversely functionalized dienes or indenes(26 examples)based on the amount of GO ***(XPS and ssNMR)as well as experimental investigations revealed a direct involvement of theπ-domains of GO in tuning the stability of carbocationic intermediates during the reaction.

关键词： Carbocatalysis C-C activation Graphene Carbocations Methodology and reactions

Light-Triggered Reactions Do Not Bias Boron Deficiency-Induced Root Inhibition of Arabidopsis Seedlings Grown in Petri Dishes

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1211-1214页

作者： Zhaojun Liu Ricardo Fabiano Hettwer Giehl manuela Desiree Bienert Nicolaus von Wiren Gerd Patrick Bienert Department of Physiology and Cell Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK)06466 GaterslebenGermany Crop Physiology TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of Munich85354 FreisingGermany Soil Sciences TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of Munich85354 FreisingGermany

Dear Editor,For more than two decades,Arabidopsis thaliana plants have been routinely grown in vitro within transparent Petri dishes containing agar-based solid *** convenient to study root developmental,nutritional and morphological responses to abiotic cues and to elucidate gene functions following reverse and forward genetic approaches,this system exposes roots to light during illumination of the ***,Zheng et al.(2019)raised serious concerns whether root growth behavior and molecular root reactions in this experimental set-up are solely due to the designedly and chemically defined growth substrate composition,in their case phosphate(Pi)deficiency,or due to light-triggered reactions that are artificially-induced by exposing roots to light.

关键词： Arabidopsis roots Root