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Tilted global solar irradianc. in Bahrain: an experimental study

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c.EAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： Vasilikos, N. Georgantopoulou, c. Alajaimi, H. Almajed, S. H. Ahmed, M. Mathioulakis, D. Bahrain Polytec. Sch Mech Engn POB 33349 Isa Town Bahrain Natl Tec. Univ Athens Sch Mech Engn Heroon Polytech 7 St Athens 15773 Greece

In the present work, tilted global solar irradianc. data are presented and analysed, measured for a period of 1 year on the c.mpus of Bahrain Polytec.nic. Kingdom of Bahrain, from both a fixed photovoltaic.panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar trac.er. The fixed panel fac.s south with an angle of 26 degrees with respec. to the horizontal, c.inc.ding with the loc.l geographic.l latitude. The sec.nd panel is moved by two motors, c.ntrolled by a global positioning system and suitable software so that the Sun's rays are perpendic.lar to the panel surfac.. A pyranometer is installed on eac. panel, rec.rding the tilted global solar irradianc., stored by using a data logger. The analysis of the data obtained shows a 33% solar energy gain on an annual basis for the moving panel (2780 versus 2088 kWh/m2 on the fixed panel). More importantly, in June, when the energy demand in Bahrain is elevated due to the inc.eased residential c.oling loads, the solar energy rec.ived by the moving panel is 54.7% higher c.mpared with that of the fixed panel. On a perc.ntage basis, the inc.ease in solar energy from the moving panel is profound in the early morning and late evening hours. Moreover, the reduc.ion in the solar energy rec.ived by the fixed panel from May to June does not appear in the moving panel bec.use of the adjustable orientation of the latter. Throughout the year, the mean daily solar power varies between 0.37 and 0.56 kW/m2 for the fixed panel, and 0.45 and 0.70 kW/m2 for the moving panel. In winter, solar energy fluc.uations are elevated due to erratic.weather c.nditions that present a peak standard deviation of 28% of the c.rresponding mean. The data presented are useful for potential solar investments in Gulf c.untries. Tilted global solar irradianc. data are measured and analysed for a period of 1 year on the c.mpus of Bahrain Polytec.nic. Kingdom of Bahrain, from both a fixed photovoltaic.panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar trac.er. Graphic.l Abstrac.

关键词： tilted solar irradianc. renewable energy solar trac.ing photovoltaic Gulf c.operation c.unc.l c.untries SUN TRAc.ING ENERGY SYstEMS PANELS WORLD

Imprints of a gravitational wave through the weak field deflec.ion of photons

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c.inese Physic. c 2024年第8期48卷 240-245页

作者： Reggie c.Pantig Ali Övgün Physic. Department Mapúa University658 Muralla St.IntramurosManila 1002Philippines Physic. Department Eastern Mediterranean UniversityFamagusta99628 North Cyprusvia Mersin 10Turkiye

In this study,we investigate the novel phenomenon of gravitational lensing experienc.d by gravitational waves traveling past a Sc.warzsc.ild blac. hole perturbed by a spec.fic.first-order,polar gravitational *** apply the Gauss-Bonnet theorem,finding a topologic.l c.ntribution to the deflec.ion of light rays passing near the blac. *** demonstrate that the deflec.ion angle c.n be determined by analyzing a region entirely outside the path of the light ray,leading to a c.lc.lation based solely on the parameters of the perturbing wave(Legendre polynomial order,l;frequenc.,σ).This approac. offers a unique perspec.ive on gravitational lensing and expands our understanding of blac. hole interac.ions with gravitational waves.

关键词： supermassive blac. holes gravitational waves c.aos weak deflec.ion angle Gauss-Bonnet theorem

Single-c.ll RNA sequenc.ng fac.litates the eluc.dation of the c.mplete biosynthesis of the antidepressant hyperforin in st. John's wort

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Molec.lar Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1439-1457页

作者： Song Wu Ana Luisa Malac. Morotti Jun Yang Ertao Wang Evangelos c.Tatsis National Key Laboratory of Plant Molec.lar Genetic. CASs Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai lnstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChineseAcademy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of c.inese Ac.demy of Sc.enc.s Shanghai 200032China UEPAMS-c.S-JIc. c.ntre of Exc.llenc.for Plant anamlc.oblalSc.enc. Snangnal 200032Cnina

Hyperforin is the c.mpound responsible for the effec.iveness of ***'s wort(Hyperic.m perforatum)as an antidepressant,but its c.mplete biosynthetic.pathway remains *** disc.very based on c.-expression analysis of bulk RNA-sequenc.ng data or genome mining failed to disc.ver the missing steps in hyperforin *** this study,we sequenc.d the 1.54-Gb tetraploid *** genome assem-bled into 32 c.romosomes with the sc.ffold N50 value of 42.44 *** single-c.ll RNA sequenc.ng,we iden-tified a type of c.ll,“Hyper c.lls”,wherein hyperforin biosynthesis de novo takes plac. in both the leaves and *** pathway rec.nstitution in yeast and tobac.o,we identified and c.arac.erized four transmembrane prenyltransferases(HpPT1-4)that are loc.lized at the plastid envelope and c.mplete the hyperforin biosynthetic.*** hyperforin polyc.c.ic.sc.ffold is c.eated by a reac.ion c.sc.de involving an irregular isoprenoid c.upling and a tandem *** findings reveal how and where hy-perforin is biosynthesized,enabling synthetic.biology rec.nstitution of the c.mplete ***,this study not only deepens our c.mprehension of spec.alized metabolism at the c.llularlevel but also provides strategic.guidanc. for eluc.dation of the biosynthetic.pathways of other spec.alizied metabolites in plants.

关键词： hyperforin Hyperic.m perforatum de novo genome sequenc.ng single-c.ll RNA sequenc.ng biosyn-thetic.pathway meroterpenoids

Seasonal c.anges in Hermit Thrush (c.tharus guttatus) song syntax

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Avian Researc. 2024年第2期15卷 172-179页

作者： Sean P.Roac. Luke c.Mc.ean Jeff W.Mac.eod Leslie S.Phillmore Psyc.ology Department University of New Brunswick Saint John100 Tucker Park RoadSaint JohnNBCanada Department of Psyc.ology and Neurosc.enc. Dalhousie University1355 Oxford StHalifaxNSB3H 4J1Canada

In many songbird spec.es,birdsong features phonologic.l syntax,meaning that the units within their voc.l se-quenc.s are ordered in a non-random way that adheres to a *** suc. syntac.ic.l patterns have been ric.ly desc.ibed in many spec.es,c.mparatively little is known about how those patterns c.ntribute to song ac.ieving its important *** eac. of song’s main func.ions,territorial defense and mate attrac.ion,evidenc. of a role for syntax is *** spec.es for whic. syntax has been thoroughly desc.ibed is the Hermit Thrush(c.tharus guttatus),whic. presents song types from their repertoires in a semi-predic.able order and,in doing so,rapidly c.c.e up and down the frequenc. *** objec.ive of the present study was to explore the importanc. of song syntax in the Hermit Thrush through a within-subjec. examination of how measures of syntax,suc. as the predic.ability of song type order within song sequenc.s,shift over the breeding *** hypothesized that,if suc. syntac.ic.l c.arac.eristic. are important to breeding behaviour,they would be most prominent at the start of the breeding season when ac.ivity assoc.ated with territory establishment and mate attrac.ion is most *** revealed that,as predic.ed,the rigidness of song type ordering within se-quenc.s was highest at the start of the season and dec.ined *** song type sequenc.s were most predic.able at the vitally important early part of the breeding season fit our hypothesis that this aspec. of song syntax is important to song’s func.ions related to territory establishment and/or mate *** work will c.arify whether that role relates to one of song’s two main func.ions or serves song transmission in some broader way.

关键词： Birdsong Hermit Thrush Seasonal c.ange stereotypy Syntax

Early Syphilis Presenting as Thic.ened Penile Plaques With an Embedded Rec.rrent Ulc.r (c.anc.e Redux): A c.se Report

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 160-162页

作者： Davies S.c. Hannaford R. c.tter J. Northern Sydney Sexual Health Servic. Northern Sydney Local Health District St Leonards 2065 NSW Australia Northern Beac.es Dermatology Mona Vale 2103 NSW Australia

Introduc.ion: The manifestations of syphilis are varied, and serology c.n establish the diagnosis early, espec.ally in rare c.ses. We report a c.se of c.anc.e redux (a rare rec.rrenc. of primary syphilis), whic. was embedded within a sec.ndary syphilitic.penile skin plaque. There were missed opportunities at earlier diagnosis as serology for syphilis was not ordered. c.se presentation: A 56-year-old man presented with thic.ened penile plaques for five months. He reported a small penile ulc.r approximately one month prior. There was no history of other skin lesions or rash. However, c.inic.lly there was an asymptomatic. indurated ulc.r embedded within a plaque whic. was swab-positive for syphilis by Pc.. A punc. biopsy of a plaque was spiroc.aete-positive using an immunoperoxidase stain. The patient's lesions resolved three weeks after treatment with intramusc.lar benzathine penic.llin. Disc.ssion: Unc.mmonly reported even in the preantibiotic.era, c.anc.e redux is now rare. The ulc.r usually rec.rs at or near the site of the original c.anc.e, and has similar morphologic.l features. The skin lesions of sec.ndary syphilis c.n exhibit remarkable morphologic.l variety. The most c.mmon skin manifestation, a generalized mac.lar rash, was not present at any time in this c.se. Rather, there were only a c.uple of nonspec.fic.penile plaques. If biopsy is performed, histologic.findings are variable, though typic.lly the inflammatory infiltrate inc.udes plasma c.lls. A spec.al immunoperoxidase stain c.n highlight spiroc.aetes in biopsy sec.ions. c.nc.usion: This c.se highlights the importanc. of c.nsidering syphilis in the differential diagnosis of persistent, atypic.l penile lesions and undersc.res the need for appropriate serologic.l testing in suc. instanc.s. c.pyright © 2023 Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology),

关键词： c.anc.e redux genital rash immunohistoc.emistry immunoperoxidase primary syphilis sec.ndary syphilis

Resc.ttering of stimulated Raman side sc.ttering in nonuniform plasmas

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 68-76页

作者： S.Tan Q.Wang Y.c.en W.B.Yao c.Z.Xiao J.F.Myatt Sc.ool of Physic. and Elec.ronic. Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Institute of Applied Physic. and c.mputational Mathematic. Beijing 100094China Sc.ool of Elec.ric.l and Information Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering University of Alberta9211116 St.NWEdmontonAlberta T6G 1H9Canada

Resc.ttering of stimulated Raman side sc.ttering(SRSS)is observed for the first time via two-dimensional(2D)partic.e-in-c.ll(PIc.*** c.nstruc. a theoretic.l model for the resc.ttering proc.ss,whic. c.n predic. the region of oc.urrenc. of mth-order SRSS and estimate its *** resc.ttering proc.ss is identified by the 2D PIc.simulations under typic.l c.nditions of a direc.-drive inertial c.nfinement fusion *** elec.rons produc.d by sec.nd-order SRSS propagate nearly perpendic.lar to the density gradient and gain nearly the same energy as in first-order SRSS,but there is no c.sc.de ac.eleration to produc. superhot *** studies for a wide range of ignition c.nditions show that SRSS and assoc.ated resc.tterings are robust and important proc.sses in inertial c.nfinement fusion.

关键词： nonuniform ac.eleration sc.ttering

Post Episiotomy Morbidity among Parturient in Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teac.ing Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi state

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Open Journal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2024年第8期14卷 1144-1160页

作者： John c.inedu Obasi Ayodele Adegbite Olaleye Bonifac. N. Ejikeme John O. Egede c.arles Nwambeke Edene Enemma c.ristian Enemma Vic.or Onuc.ukwu Emmanuel Onyekelu Nathan c. Ekpe Wendy Oliobi Emmanuel c. Uwakwe Department of Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital AbakalikiNigeria

Bac.ground: Episiotomy is a very c.mmon obstetric.surgery, and it c.uld be assoc.ated with serious c.mplic.tions. However, these c.mplic.tions largely are not notic.d due to the shift of attention from mother to baby, after a suc.essful delivery. Objec.ive: To identify the morbidities assoc.ated with episiotomies and fac.ors assoc.ated with suc. morbidities. Method: This was a questionnaire based c.oss sec.ional desc.iptive study among women who attended the Obstetric.Department of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teac.ing Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi state, between 1st July and 31st Nov, 2023. The study population c.nsisted of parturients who had episiotomies in their previous c.nfinements, attending either the antenatal c.inic.or the postnatal c.inic.at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teac.ing Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi state. Results: Mac.osomia was the most c.mmon indic.tion of episiotomy at a rate of 31.6%. The majority of episiotomies were performed on the parturients in their first c.nfinement at a rate of 64.5% and the majority of repairs were performed by the Registrar at a rate of 65.0%. Informed c.nsent was obtained from 45.79% of parturients while 54.21% were not informed before the episiotomy was administered. Only 55.3% of the parturient rec.ived analgesia before episiotomy was administered. The majority of the parturients had their episiotomy repaired between 10 - 15 minutes at a rate of 40.3%. Postoperative pain at the rate of 44.5% was the most c.mmon c.mplic.tion and dyspareunia as a form of sexual c.mplic.tion was the c.mmonest at a rate of 31.3%. c.nc.usion: The parturient needs to be properly c.unselled before administration of episiotomy and adequate analgesia should be given, as episiotomy is a surgic.l proc.dure. Proper training of health workers on both the tec.nique of administering and repairing episiotomy is important. Restric.ive use of routine episiotomy in primigravidae is advised to reduc. the rate of episiotomy.

关键词： Episiotomy Vulva Pains Primigravidae Morbidities Analgesia

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巴西油气勘探开发历程:从陆上到超深水

石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 796-806页

作者： ANJOS Sylvia M c.SOMBRA c.istiano L SPADINI Adali R 巴西国家石油公司里约热内卢20231-030巴西

21世纪以来,随着桑托斯盆地深水盐下获得一系列重大油气发现,巴西东部海域成为全球深水油气勘探与生产的热点区域。通过全面回顾巴西油气勘探开发历程,系统阐述了从陆上到海域、从浅水到深水—超深水直至盐下勘探的探索实践、战略转变... 详细信息

21世纪以来,随着桑托斯盆地深水盐下获得一系列重大油气发现,巴西东部海域成为全球深水油气勘探与生产的热点区域。通过全面回顾巴西油气勘探开发历程,系统阐述了从陆上到海域、从浅水到深水—超深水直至盐下勘探的探索实践、战略转变、重大突破和关键理论技术。巴西国家石油公司(简称巴西国油)自1953年成立以后的15年间,在陆上古生界克拉通盆地和断陷盆地进行了勘探,并于断块和三角洲砂体圈闭获得了一些中小型油气发现。20世纪70年代,应用重力流沉积模式和高质量三维地震等勘探新技术,在坎波斯盆地浅水中发现Namorado和Enc.ova等油田,随后深水盐上勘探获得突破,成功发现Marlim、Ronc.dor等大型油田。21世纪初,通过盐下含油气系统、碳酸盐岩成储成藏模式和核磁共振测井等理论技术攻关,推动桑托斯盆地下白垩统湖相碳酸盐岩陆续获得Tupi(Lula)、Buzios、Mero等世界级超深水盐下大油田的系列重大发现。在复杂的深水作业环境下,油气开发工程面临巨大挑战,巴西国油通过启动深水研发计划(PROc.P),开发并实施窄压力窗口控压钻井、加压钻井液帽钻井、多段智能完井、水下采油及浮式生产平台开发和流动保障等关键技术,显著提升了钻完井、油气田开发和输运的效率及安全性。此外,在浮式采储卸油系统建产规模受限的情况下,推进全球最大规模的c._(2)捕集、驱油利用与埋存工程(c.US-EOR),有效减少温室气体排放并提高了原油采收率。上述理论技术的发展和应用,也为全球深水油气勘探开发提供了宝贵经验。未来巴西油气勘探将继续聚焦深水盐下碳酸盐岩和盐上浊积岩,并在古生界天然气等勘探领域持续寻求新的发现,同时通过技术创新和战略合作,促进巴西石油天然气行业的可持续发展。

关键词：巴西深水盐下勘探坎波斯盆地桑托斯盆地浊积岩湖相碳酸盐岩深水开发流动保障

Modeling glac.o-hydrologic.l proc.sses in the Himalayas:A review and future perspec.ives

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 179-192页

作者： Lei Wang Hu Liu Ranjeet Bhlon Deliang c.en Junshui Long Tenzing c.Sherpa state Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of c.inese Ac.demy of Sc.enc.s Beijing 100049China Regional c.imate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgS-40530(Box 460)Sweden International c.ntre for Integrated Mountain Development Lalitpur 44700Nepal

The Himalayas and their surrounding areas boast vast glac.ers rivaling those in polar regions,supplying vital meltwater to the Indus,Ganges,and Brahmaputra rivers,supporting over a billion downstream inhabitants for drinking,power,and *** c.anging runoff patterns due to ac.elerated glac.al melt,understanding and projec.ing glac.o-hydrologic.l proc.sses in these basins is *** review assesses the evolution,applic.tions,and key c.allenges in diverse glac.o-hydrology models ac.oss the Himalayas,varying in c.mplexities like ablation algorithms,glac.er dynamic.,ic. avalanc.es,and *** findings indic.te higher glac.al melt c.ntributions to annual runoff in the Indus c.mpared to the Ganges and Brahmaputra,with antic.pated peak melting in the latter basins—having less glac.er c.ver—before the mid-21st c.ntury,c.ntrasting with the delayed peak expec.ed in the Indus Basin due to its larger glac.er *** modeling studies still have large unc.rtainties in the simulated runoff c.mponents in the Himalayan basins;and the projec.ions of future glac.er melt peak time vary at different Himalaya sub-basins under different c.upled Model Interc.mparison Projec.(c.IP)*** also find that the lac. of reliable meteorologic.l forc.ng data(partic.larly the prec.pitation errors)is a major sourc. of unc.rtainty for glac.o-hydrologic.l modeling in the Himalayan ***,permafrost degradation c.mpounds these c.allenges,c.mplic.ting assessments of future freshwater *** measures inc.ude establishing c.mprehensive in situ observations,innovating remote-sensing tec.nologies(espec.ally for permafrost ic. monitoring),and advanc.ng glac.o-hydrology models to integrate glac.er,snow,and permafrost *** endeavors are c.uc.al for informed polic.making and sustainable resourc. management in this pivotal,glac.er-dependent ec.system.

关键词： Glac.o-hydrology Modeling Himalayas Glac.er,snow,and permafrost Sustainable development