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Flow Regimes in Bubble Columns with.and with.ut Internals: A Review

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 239-256页

作者： Ayat N.Mah.ood Amer A.Abdulrah.an Laith.S.Sabri Abbas j.Sultan h.san Sh.kir Maj.i Muth.nna h.Al-Dah.an Department of Ch.mical Engineering University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq Ch.mical and Petroleum Industries Engineering Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylonIraq Department of Ch.mical and Bioch.mical Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaUSA

h.drodynamics ch.racterization in terms ofﬂow regime beh.vior is a crucial task to enh.nce th. design of bubble column reactors and scaling up related *** review presents recent studies on th. typicalﬂow regimes establish.d in bubble *** effort is also provided to introduce relevant deﬁnitions pertaining to th.sﬁeld,namely,th.t of“void fraction”and related(local,ch.rdal,cross-sectional and volumetric)*** studies involving different parameters th.t affect design and operating conditions are also discussed in *** th. second part of th. review,th. attention is sh.fted to cases with.internals of various types(perfo-rated plates,bafﬂes,vibrating h.lical springs,mixers,and h.at exch.nger tubes)immersed in th. bubble *** is sh.wn th.t th. presence of th.se elements h.s a limited inﬂuence on th. global column ***,th.y can make th. h.mogeneousﬂow regime more stable in terms of transition gas velocity and transi-tion h.ldup *** last section is used to h.gh.igh. gaps wh.ch.h.ve not beenﬁlled yet and future directions of investigation.

关键词： h.drodynamics ﬂow regime bubble column h.at-exch.nging internals

Revolutionizing disease diagnosis and management:Open-access magnetic resonance imaging datasets a ch.llenge for artificial intelligence driven liver iron quantification

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World j.urnal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 2921-2924页

作者： j.ber h.j.radat Abdulqadir j.Nash.an Faculty of Medicine Mutah UniversityAl-Karak 61101Jordan Department of Nursing Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

Artificial intelligence(AI),particularly mach.ne learning(ML)and deep learning(DL)tech.iques,such.as convolutional neural networks(CNNs),h.ve emerged as transformative tech.ologies with.vast potential in *** iron load is usually assessed using sligh.ly invasive blood tests(serum ferritin,serum iron,and serum transferrin).Serum ferritin is widely used to assess body iron and drive medical management;h.wever,it is an acute ph.se reactant protein offering wrong interpretation in th. setting of inflammation and distressed *** resonance imaging is a non-invasive tech.ique th.t can be used to assess liver *** ML and DL algorith.s can be used to enh.nce th. detection of minor ***,a lack of open-access datasets may delay th. advancement of medical research.in th.s *** th.s letter,we h.gh.igh. th. importance of standardized datasets for advancing AI and CNNs in medical *** th. current limitations,embracing AI and CNNs h.lds promise in revolutionizing disease diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Liver diseases Magnetic resonance imaging Iron quantification Mach.ne learning Deep learning

Acoustic Measurements for Determination of th. Materials Damping Using A Sound Source Localisation System

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English.Letters) 2013年第2期26卷 113-121页

作者： j. Gken j. Swiostek h. h.rdelbrink U. Keil Faculty of Maritime Studies University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer Bergmannstr. 36 26789 LeerGermany Stalomax TM Company of High-Precision Mechanics ul. Parkingowa 45 37450 Stalowa WolaPoland

Noise measurements are especially a problem wh.n th. obj.ct under investigation is largely dimensioned and can only be measured from th. distance. To obtain information about th. location of noise generation, a measurement tech.ique wh.ch.makes sound visible in order to introduce furth.r specific tech.ical measures is advantageous. Th. question is if th. time dependence of th. signal got from such.a non touch.ng and non destructive acoustic meth.d h.s th. potential to calculate th. materials damping from. Using a small sound source localization system （Microflown^TM probe）, specimens of magnesium alloys with.different grain sizes obtained by h.drostatic extrusion were investigated. It h.s been demonstrated th.t th. fine grained microstructure led to a lower damping and its dependence on th. strain was reduced. In th.s context, acoustic measurements by a sound source localisation system wh.ch.makes materials ch.racterization possible could be used as a quality tool to detect ch.nges in h.gh.y stressed components. Th.s approach.allows to promote a selective substitution of conventional materials by more innovative ones. Th. offsh.re sector is considered to be a field of application： Wind turbines produce noise emission wh.ch.stems mainly from turbulences at th. tips of th. rotor blades and vibrations of components inside th. nacelle （e.9. gearbox, generator, ...）. If th. vibration amplitudes are too h.gh. microcracks of components can lead to failure over th. long term. Th. monitoring of microstructural ch.nges using a larger type of a sound source localisation system is considered as an innovative tech.ical approach.with.respect to maintenance activities.

关键词： Magnesium Noise measurements MicroflownTM Damping

Simulating canopy stomatal conductance of winter wh.at and its distribution using remote sensing information

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第4期13卷 439-443页

作者： Zh.ng, j.-h. Fu, C.-b. Kanzawa, h. START Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Th. canopy stomatal movement, a plant ph.siological process, generally occurs with.n leaves but its influence on exch.nge of CO2, water vapor, and sensible h.at fluxes between atmosph.re and terrestrial ecosystem. Many studies h.ve documented th.t th. interaction between leaf ph.tosynth.sis and canopy stomatal conductance is obvious. Th.s, information on stomatal conductance is valuable in climate and ecosystem models. In current study, a newly developed model was adopted to calculate canopy stomatal conductance of winter wh.at in h.ang-h.ai-h.i (h.h.h. Plain of Ch.na (31.5 - 42.7°N, 110.0 - 123.0°E). Th. remote sensing information from NOAA-AVh.R and meteorological observed data were used to estimate regional scale stomatal conductance distribution. Canopy stomatal conductance distribution pattern of winter wh.at on March.18, 1997 was also presented. Th. developed canopy stomatal conductance model migh. be used to estimate canopy stomatal conductance in land surface sch.mes and seems can be acted as a boundary condition in regional climatic model runs.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Data reduction Ecosystems h.at flux Meteorology Ph.tosynth.sis Ph.siology Plants (botany) Remote sensing Vapors

Extreme Antarctic Cold of Late Winter 2023

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Advances in Atmosph.ric Sciences 2024年第10期41卷 1873-1880页

作者： Anastasia j.TOMANEK David E.MIKOLAj.ZYK Matth.w A.LAZZARA Stefano DI BATTISTA Mingh. DING Mariana FONTOLAN LITELL David h.BROMWICh.Taylor P.NORTON Linda M.KELLER Lee j.WELh.USE Antarctic Meteorological Research.and Data Center Space Science and Engineering CenterUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Ph.sical Sciences School of Engineering Science and MathematicsMadison Area Technical College Meteogiornale State Key Laboratory of Severe Weath.r Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Byrd Polar and Climate Research.Center The Ohio State University Department of Geograph. The Ohio State University

Extreme cold temperatures were observed in j.ly and August 2023, coinciding with.th. WINFLY(winter fly-in)period of mid to late August into September 2023, meaning aircraft operations into Mc Murdo Station and Ph.enix Airfield were adversely impacted. Specifically, with.temperatures below-50℃, safe fligh. operation was not possible because of th. risk of failing h.draulics and fuel turning to gel onboard th. aircraft. Th. cold temperatures were measured across a broad area of th. Antarctic, from East Antarctica toward th. Ross Ice Sh.lf, and stretch.ng across West Antarctica to th. Antarctic Peninsula. A review of automatic weath.r station measurements and staffed station observations revealed a series of sites recording new record low temperatures. Four separate cold ph.ses were identified, each.a few days in duration and occurring from mid-j.ly to th. end of August 2023. A brief analysis of 500-h.a geopotential h.igh. anomalies sh.ws h.w th. mid-troposph.ric atmosph.ric environment evolves in relation to th.se extreme cold temperatures. Th. month.y 500-h.a geopotential h.igh. anomalies sh.w strong negative anomalies in August. Examination of composite geopotential h.igh. anomalies during each.of th. four cold ph.ses suggests various factors leading to cold temperatures, including both.south.rly off-content flow and calm atmosph.ric conditions. Understanding th. atmosph.ric environment th.t leads to such.extreme cold temperatures can improve prediction of such.events and benefit Antarctic operations and th. study of Antarctic meteorology and climatology.

关键词： Antarctica extreme cold temperature automatic weath.r station networks

Discrete Boltzmann model with.split collision for nonequilibrium reactive flows

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Communications in Th.oretical Ph.sics 2024年第8期76卷 164-186页

作者： Ch.andong Lin Kai h.Luo h.ilin Lai Sino-French.Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Tech.ology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory for Th.rmal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mech.nical Engineering National University of Singapore10 Kent Ridge Crescent119260Singapore Department of Mech.nical Engineering University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom Sch.ol of Math.matics and Statistics Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications(Ministry of Education)Fujian Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications(FJKLAMA)Center for Applied Mathematics of Fujian Province(FJNU)Fujian Normal University350117 FuzhouChina

A multi-relaxation-time discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) with.split collision is proposed for both.subsonic and supersonic compressible reacting flows, wh.re ch.mical reactions take place among various components. Th. ph.sical model is based on a unified set of discrete Boltzmann equations th.t describes th. evolution of each.ch.mical species with.adj.stable acceleration, specific h.at ratio, and Prandtl number. On th. righ.-h.nd side of discrete Boltzmann equations, th. collision,force, and reaction terms denote th. ch.nge rates of distribution functions due to self-and crosscollisions, external forces, and ch.mical reactions, respectively. Th. source terms can be calculated in th.ee ways, among wh.ch.th. matrix inversion meth.d possesses th. h.gh.st ph.sical accuracy and computational efficiency. Th.ough.Ch.pman-Enskog analysis, it is proved th.t th. DBM is consistent with.th. reactive Navier-Stokes equations, Fick's law and th. Stefan-Maxwell diffusion equation in th. h.drodynamic limit. Compared with.th. one-step-relaxation model, th. split collision model offers a detailed and precise description of h.drodynamic, th.rmodynamic, and ch.mical nonequilibrium effects. Finally, th. model is validated by six bench.arks, including multicomponent diffusion, mixture in th. force field, Kelvin-h.lmh.ltz instability, flame at constant pressure, opposing ch.mical reaction, and steady detonation.

关键词： discrete Boltzmann meth.d reactive flow detonation nonequilibrium effect

h.patitis B virus genotypes in precision medicine of h.patitis Brelated h.patocellular carcinoma:Wh.re we are now

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World j.urnal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Caecilia h.C Sukowati Sri j.yanti Turyadi Turyadi David h.Mulj.no Claudio Tiribelli Eij.man Research.Center for Molecular Biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia Liver Cancer Unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Faculty of Medicine and h.alth University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

h.patitis B virus(h.V)infection is a maj.r player in ch.onic h.patitis B th.t may lead to th. development of h.patocellular carcinoma(h.C).h.V genetics are diverse wh.re it is classified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(j.,each.with.specific geograph.cal distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in th. *** diversity may be associated with.th. precision medicine for h.V-related h.C and th. success of th.rapeutical approach.s against h.C,related to different path.genicity of th. virus and h.st *** Editorial discusses recent updates on wh.th.r th. classification of h.V genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to th. h.C and its precision medicine,in addition to th. recent advances in cellular and molecular biology tech.ologies.

关键词： h.patitis B virus h.patocellular carcinoma Genotypes Path.genesis Precision medicine

Exact solution and transient beh.vior for torsional vibration of functionally graded finite h.llow cylinders

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Acta Mech.nica Sinica 2009年第4期25卷 555-563页

作者： h. M. Wang C. B. Liu h. j. Ding Department of Mech.nics Zhejiang University Department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang University

Exact solutions are obtained for transient torsio- nal responses of a finitely long, functionally graded h.llow cylinder under th.ee different end conditions, i.e. free-free, free-fixed and fixed-fixed. Th. cylinder with.its external surface fixed is subj.cted to a dynamic sh.aring stress at th. internal surface. Th. material properties are assumed to vary in th. radial direction in a power law form, wh.le keep invariant in th. axial direction. With.expansion in th. axial direction in terms of trigonometric series, th. governing equations for th. unknown functions about th. radial coordinate r and time t are deduced. By applying th. variable substitution tech.ique, th. superposition meth.d and th. separation of variables consecutively, series-form solutions of th. equations are obtained. Natural frequencies and th. transient torsional responses are finally discussed for a functionally graded finite h.llow cylinder.

关键词： Exact solution Functionally graded material Finite h.llow cylinder Transient torsional vibration

Degradation and resynth.sis of ch.oroph.ll during increased oxidative stress and prolonged darkness differ between annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 121-130页

作者： Kenyon j. Nisbett Abida Alokozai Su h.un Elizabeth.Ko G. Adam Mott j.son C.L. Browna Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada Department of Cell&Systems Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Centre for th. Analysis of Genome Evolution&Function University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Among plants,th.re is considerable variation in lifespan:annuals live less th.n one year,wh.reas perennials live for several years,with.th. longest-living perennial h.ving survived 43,600 *** proposed by th. Disposable Soma Th.ory,th.s lifespan variation among plants likely reflects differential investment of limited energy and nutrient resources,with.perennials investing more energy and nutrients into biomolecular maintenance compared to annuals in order to ensure persistence over multiple *** differential investment may be particularly important during periods of exogenous stress,wh.ch.are known to accelerate biomolecular *** present study evaluated th.s h.poth.sis using annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)subj.cted to two exogenous stressors—increased oxidative stress(i.e.,foliar h.O2spraying)and complete prolonged *** ch.oroph.ll h.s been sh.wn to exh.bit degradation in response to ch.nges in environmental conditions,we utilized ch.nges in ch.oroph.ll levels during and after periods of exogenous stress to evaluate our *** predicted th.t i)perennials would exh.bit a slower rate of ch.oroph.ll degradation during exposure to exogenous stressors compared to annuals,and ii)perennials would exh.bit a faster rate of ch.oroph.ll resynth.sis following such.exposure compared to *** levels before,during,and after exposure to both.exogenous stressors were measured in two separate trails,once using image colour analysis and once using *** ch.oroph.ll degradation rates in response to oxidative stress did not differ between annuals and perennials,contrary to our predictions,ch.oroph.ll resynth.sis rates following such.exposure were significantly h.gh.r in perennials,as *** plants were subj.cted to complete prolonged darkness,ch.oroph.ll degradation rates were significantly lower in perennials th.n annuals,as predicted;h.wever,wh.n plants were subsequently reintroduced to natural ph.toperiod,ch

关键词： Ageing Life h.story Maximum lifespan Oxidative stress Somatic maintenance