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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 88-113,I0003页

作者： ma.no b.costa Moisés A.de Araújo marcos V.de Lima Tinoco Juliana F.de brito Lucia H.mascaro Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de São CarlosRodovia Washington Luizkm 235São CarlosSão Paulo 13565-905Brazil Instituto de Química de São Carlos Universidade de São PauloAvenida Trabalhador Sancarlense400São CarlosSão Paulo 13566-590Brazil Instituto de Química Universidade Estadual PaulistaRua Professor Francisco Degnis/nAraraquaraSão Paulo 14800-900Brazil

This review shows the importance of WO_(3)photoanode as a potentially low-cost,efficient,stable,and photoactive material for light-driven water *** such,this manuscript aims to review the most recent publications regarding the strategies to improve the phoelectroactivity of WO_(3)films for water *** addition,this review aims to graphically highlight and discuss the general trendings of the photocurrent density response and stability test of the recent outstanding studies in the literature for photoelectrochemical water splitting *** strategies covered in this review will not only concern the WO_(3)morphology and crystal plane growth,but also the many arrangements possibilities to improve the WO_(3)efficiency for water photoelectrooxidation,such as defect engineering based on oxygen vacancies,doping,decorations,and homo and *** these strategies are compared by the photocurrent density results and by the stability of these *** best results in this sense were observed in cases where the use of heterojunction was applied together with a desired morphology and crystal plane of the WO_(3)***,the modifications that caused a decrease in the photocurrent density reaching values that are even lower than the pure WO_(3)were also *** this way,this review intends to improve the knowledge about the synthesis and design of WO_(3)photoanodes to further obtain an efficient photocatalyst to minimize the recombination losses or losses across the interfaces and improve the photoelectroactivity for water splitting in the large-scale application.

关键词： Solar energy H_(2)production N-type semiconductor Photoelectrode design Oxygen evolution reaction

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The Effects of Short-Term Resistance Training and Subsequent Detraining on Neuromuscular Function,Muscle Cross-Sectional Area,and Lean mass

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第3期4卷 237-254页

作者： Pablo b.costa Trent J.Herda Ashley A.Herda Joel T.Cramer Exercise Physiology Laboratory Department of KinesiologyCalifornia State UniversityFullerton800 N.State College Blvd.FullertonCA 92831USA Department of Health Sportand Exercise SciencesUniversity of KansasLawrenceKSUSA College of Health Sciences University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTXUSA

Purpose To examine and compare the effects of three days of dynamic constant external resistance(DCER)and isokinetic(ISOK)training and subsequent detraining on thigh muscle cross-sectional area(TMCSA)and thigh lean mass(TLM),ISOK peak torque(PT),DCER strength,isometric force,muscle activation,and percent voluntary activation(%VA).Methods Thirty-one apparently-healthy untrained men(mean±SD age=22.2±4.2 years;body mass=77.9±12.9 kg;height=173.9±5.4 cm)were randomly assigned to a DCER training group(n=11),ISOK training group(n=10)or control(CONT)group(n=10).Subjects visited the laboratory eight *** first visit was a familiarization session,the second visit was a pre-training assessment,the subsequent three visits were for unilateral training of the quadriceps(if assigned to a training group),and the last three visits were the post-training assessments conducted at three days,one week,and two weeks after training *** DCER strength increased from pre-to post-training assessment 1 in both limbs for the DCER group only,and remained elevated during post-training assessments 2 and 3(Pbiceps femoris was higher at post-training assessment 3 than at the pre-training assessment,and post-training assessments 1 and 2(Pmary finding of this study was that DCER strength of the trained and untrained limbs can be increased with three days of *** has important implications for injury rehabilitation,where in the initial period post-injury strength gains on an injured limb can possibly be obtained with short-term contralateral resistance training.

关键词： Twitch interpolation Electromyography Muscle activation Strength training Injury rehabilitation

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詹姆斯·萨姆纳与脲酶引起的争论

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世界科学 1990年第6期 54-55+46页

作者： Albert b.costa,郝军山德国著名化学家

时至今日化学家们认为酶当然是蛋白质。然而,这种概念在差不多50年前曾是发生在科学家们中那场旷日持久的争论(达十年之久)的焦点。1926年,詹姆斯·萨姆纳(James Sumner)——一位在当时还鲜为人知的美国化学家,声称分离出一种结晶态形... 详细信息

时至今日化学家们认为酶当然是蛋白质。然而,这种概念在差不多50年前曾是发生在科学家们中那场旷日持久的争论(达十年之久)的焦点。1926年,詹姆斯·萨姆纳(James Sumner)——一位在当时还鲜为人知的美国化学家,声称分离出一种结晶态形式的酶,自称这种酶是一种蛋白质。他的这项工作曾遭到怀疑、忠告甚至敌意的反对。本文调查了萨姆纳的这一研究工作,他的主要敌手以及有关那场争论最终消声匿迹的来龙去脉。

关键词：萨姆纳诺思科内尔沃尔德斯蒂化学家威尔斯詹姆斯

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The corpus cavernosum after treatment with dutasteride or finasteride： a histomorphometric study in a benign prostatic hyperplasia rodent model

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第5期20卷 505-510页

作者： marcello H A Da Silva Waldemar S costa Francisco J b Sampaio Diogo b De Souza Urogenital Research Unit Rio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro RJ 20551-030 Brazil

Erectile dysfunction is a common side effect of finasteride and dutasteride treatments. The objective of this study was to investigate the structural changes in the penis using a benign prostatic hyperplasia （bPH） rodent model treated with dutasteride or finasteride. Sixty male rats were divided into the following groups： C, untreated control rats; C ＋ D, control rats receiving dutasteride; C ＋ F, control rats receiving finasteride; H, untreated spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHRs）; H ＋ D, SHRs treated with dutasteride; and H ＋ F, SHRs treated with finasteride. Treatments were performed for 40 days, and penises were collected immediately thereafter. The organs were analyzed using histomorphometric methods to determine the cross-sectional penile area, as well as the surface density （Sv） of smooth muscle fibers, connective tissue, elastic system fibers, and sinusoidal spaces of the corpus cavernosum. The results were compared using a one-way ANOVA with bonferroni＇s posttest. Groups C ＋ D and C ＋ F had a significantly smaller penile cross-sectional area, but more elastic system fiber Sv compared to Group C. Group C ＋ D showed less smooth muscle Sv, and Group H showed more connective tissue but a smaller sinusoidal space Sv in the corpus cavernosum compared to Group C. Groups H ＋ D and H ＋ F had less smooth muscle Sv than Group H. Group H ＋ D also had more connective tissue and elastic system fiber Sv than Group H. both dutasteride and finasteride promoted penile modifications in the control rat penis, although this affect was ~reater in Group H animals. In this rodent model, dutasteride was the drug that most affected the corpus cavernosum.

关键词： animal models benign prostatic hyperplasia dutasteride erectile dysfunction finasteride penis

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Resveratrol attenuates metabolic,sperm,and testicular changes in adult Wistar rats fed a diet rich in lipids and simple carbohydrates

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第2期21卷 201-207页

作者： Fabiana A de Oliveira Waldemar S costa Francisco J b Sampaio bianca M Gregorio Urogenital Research Unit Biomedical CenterState University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 20551-030Brazil

High-fat diets affect male reproduction and sexual ***,we evaluated the effects of prolonged resveratrol administration on the metabolic,sperm,and testicular parameters of rats fed a cafeteria *** Wistar rats were divided at weaning into control(Cv n=20)and cafeteria(CAF,n=16)*** 3 months,half of them were given daily supplementations of resveratrol(C-R,n=10;CAF-R,n=8)at a dosage of 30 mg kg-1 body mass for 2 *** were killed at 5 months of age,and blood,spermatozoa,and testes were collected for further *** were analyzed by one-way ANOVA,and Pbility and motility,while resveratrol improved these parameters(Fmatogenic cell proliferation was also reduced in the CAF group compared with that of the C ***,the CAF-R showed an increase in cell proliferation rate compared with that of the untreated CAF group(P=0.0024).Although it did not modify body mass,the consumption of a CAF diet promoted hyperglycemia,adverse testicular morphology remodeling,and abnormal sperm,which were attenuated by treatment with resveratrol,thus suggesting a protective effect of this antioxidant on spermatogenesis.

关键词： cafeteria diet morphology resveratrol spermatozoa testicle

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Immediate and late effects of chronic stress in the testes of prepubertal and adult rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第4期20卷 385-390页

作者： Carina T Ribeiro Diogo b De Souza Waldemar S costa Francisco J b Sampaio marco A Pereira-Sampaio Urogenital Research Unit State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ 20551-030 Brazil Department of Morphology Fluminense Federal University Niteroi RJ 24210-150 Brazil

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic stress on the testes of prepubertal and adult rats and to evaluate whether any alterations could be reversed when stress induction is ended. Seventy-six male rats were assigned to eight groups depending on the type of treatment （control or stressed）, the age at which stress was initiated （prepubertal or adult）, and the time of evaluation （immediate or late）. Stress stimuli were applied for 6 weeks. Stressed prepubertal and adult rats evaluated immediately after the last stress stimulus were included in SP-I and SA-I groups, respectively. The late prepubertal （SP-L） and adult （SA-L） groups of stressed rats were evaluated 6 weeks after the last stress stimulus. Age-matched rats were used as controls （CP-I, CA-I, CP-L, and CA-L groups）. Application of stress stimuli to rats in the SP-I group resulted in body weight and seminiferous tubule diameter reduction. The rats in the SA-I group also showed several functional （testosterone level and sperm parameter） and morphological （testicular weight and seminiferous tubule diameter） reductions. The rats in the SP-L group showed increased body weight and intertubular compartment volumetric and absolute densities and reduced tubular compartment volumetric density. The rats in the SA-L group presented only reduced sperm viability. Stress stimuli promoted changes in the rats in all the study groups. The testes of the adult rats were the most affected by chronic stress. However, the stressed adult rats recovered well from the testicular alterations.

关键词： chronic stress morphometry rat testis

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burrow morphology of Uca uruguayensis and Uca leptodactylus(Decapoda:Ocypodidae)from a subtropical mangrove forest in the western Atlantic

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第3期8卷 307-314页

作者： Glauco b.O.maCHADO João b.L.GUSMÃO-JUNIOR Tânia M.costa Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista UNESPSão VicenteSão PauloBrazil

The continuous excavation of burrows by fiddler crabs generates bioturbation in the sediment,which can be estimated from burrow *** aim of the present study was to describe the burrow morphology of Uca uruguayensis and *** and its relationship with demography of resident individuals and to estimate the level of bioturbation in the sediment generated by each *** all individuals from each of the 2 species,sex was determined and the carapace width(CW;mm)*** were characterized according to burrow diameter(bD;mm),maximum burrow depth(MbD;mm)and burrow volume(bV;cm^(3)).The density of each species in the study area was also *** both species,the males were larger and occupied burrows with higher bV compared to *** between sexes in relation to the burrow characteristics might reflect sexual dimorphism within the group and are probably related to the fact that males use the burrows for *** and bV showed significant positive relationships with the size of resident *** amount of sediment removed per burrow was estimated from mean bV:10.78 cm^(3)of sediment/burrow for *** and 12.38 cm^(3)of sediment/burrow for *** the density and depth differences between the 2 species,the similarity in burrow volume suggests that *** and *** present the same importance in terms of the bioturbation *** morphology is highly associated with characteristics of the occupant,although extrinsic factors should also be considered,and its description can provide estimates on the bioturbation generated by Uca species in mangrove forests.

关键词： bioturbation burrow structure crab burrowing fiddler crab

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Methods and parameters of melting curve analysis for identification of Leishmania species:A scoping review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第12期14卷 528-542页

作者： Juliana J G Ferreira Fernanda S Nascimento Glaucia E b marcon Eros A de Almeida Sandra C b.costa Laboratório de Diagnóstico de Doenças Infecciosas por Técnicas de biologia Molecular Departamento de Clínica MédicaFaculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMP)Campinas13083-887SPBrazil Fundação Oswaldo Cruz mato Grosso do Sul(FIOCRUZ MS) Rua Gabriel Abrão92Jardim das NaçõesCampo Grande79081-746 MSBrazil Grupo de Estudos em Doença de Chagas Departamento de Clínica MédicaFaculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMP)Campinas13083-887SPBrazil

Leishmaniasis is a set of diseases with a worldwide distribution that affects mainly economically underprivileged populations in developing countries. It has a major impact on public health, with a global cost of billions of dollars per year. The treatment and control of leishmaniasis vary according to the Leishmania species involved, which require reliable methods for species identification. Since most of the currently used methods have limitations, there is a need for assays that allow rapid, precise identification of the offending species. Real-time polymerase chain reactions in conjunction with dissociation curve analysis have been used to detect differences in the DNA composition of selected genes of Leishmania spp. Kinetoplast DNA is the main molecular target used because of its high copy number per parasite, but other targets have also been studied. As part of an effort to establish melting temperature standards for each target gene, we have reviewed the pertinent literature available in public databases, including Pub Med, Web of Science, Sci ELO and LILACS, using the keywords "Leishmania", "leishmaniasis", "realtime PCR", "melting temperature", and "melting curve", alone or in combination. After applying eligibility criteria, 27 articles were selected for analysis. A considerable variation in the methodologies analyzed was found regarding molecular targets, standardization of the methods, reproducibility and specificity. because of this, statistical analysis was not performed. In most cases, the methods were able to differentiate the parasite at the subgenus level or few species regardless of the target chosen.

关键词： Leishmaniasis Melting temperature Real-time PCR

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Distinct physiological mechanisms underpin growth and rehydration of Hymenaea courbaril and Hymenaea stigonocarpa upon short-term exposure to drought stress

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 113-123页

作者： Luana M.Luz Ediane C.Alves Nariane Q.Vilhena Tamires b.Oliveira Zara G.b.Silva Joze M.N.Freitas Candido F.O.Neto Roberto C.L.costa Lucas C.costa Universidade Federal Rural da AmazOia CapanemaPA 68700-665Brazil Universidade Federal Rural da AmazEia BelémPA 66077-830Brazil

Plants hold biochemical and physiological mechanisms to withstand drought ***,depending on water deficit interval,plant rehydration relies on how it can retain growth or a positive water balance—or rarely *** this study,two species of Hymenaea,one from the Amazon and the other from the brazilian Cerrado,were investigated for their physiological mechanism associated with growth rehydration upon short-term exposure to drought *** findings demonstrate that Hymenaea courbaril tends to invest in nitrogen to the detriment of carbon compounds,-as it is limited by lower net photosynthesis-and adjust root growth to attenuate drought stress *** contrast,Hymenaea stigonocarpa takes advantage of higher water potential and a basal rate of lower net photosynthesis to support aboveground growth under such ***,it is postulated that there are distinct ways of controlling water status and growth between *** and ***,which are determined either by the ability of the species to keep net photosynthesis at low levels of water content or by favoring the accumulation of nitrogen *** mechanisms were effective with regards to water use efficiency and thus it is reasonable to suggest that strategies are not exclusive and may work under adverse conditions,as observed in Amazon and brazilian Cerrado ***.

关键词： Hymenaea courbaril Hymenaea stigonocarpa Growth Photosynthesis Water deficit

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Structure,stability,catalytic activity,and polarizabilities of small iridium clusters

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Chinese Physics b 2018年第6期27卷 225-230页

作者： Francisco E Jorge José R da costa Venaancio Unidade Academica dc Ffsica Universidade Federal de Campina Grande 58429-900 Campina Grande Brazil Departamento de Ffsica Universidade Federal do Espfrito Santo 29060-900 Vitoria Brazil

At the second order Douglas–Kroll–Hess（DKH2） level, the b3 PW91 functional in conjunction with the relativistic all-electron basis set of valence triple zeta quality plus polarization functions are employed to compute bond lengths, dissociation energies, vertical ionization potentials, and the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps of the small iridium clusters（Irn, n≤8）. These results are compared with the experimental and theoretical data available in the literature. Our results confirm the theoretical predictions made by Feng et al. about the catalytic activities of the Ir4 and Ir6 clusters. From the optimized geometries, DKH2 calculations of static electric mean dipole polarizabilities and polarizability anisotropies are also carried out. It is the first time that the polarizabilities of small iridium clusters have been studied. For n≤4, the mean dipole polarizabilities per atom present an odd–even oscillatory behavior,whereas from Ir5 to Ir8, they decrease with the cluster size increasing. The dependence of the polarizability anisotropy on the structure symmetry of the iridium cluster is verified.

关键词： b3PW91 functional all-electron basis sets DKH2 calculations iridium clusters polarizabilities

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