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新高考背景下深化高中教育教学改革应重视的几个问题

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教学与管理 2025年第1期 12-14页

作者：司晓宏马永昊陕西师范大学教育学部西安710062 陕西省社会科学院西安710061

自2014年新高考改革启动以来,已在全国29个省市逐步推进。调研发现,新高考在实际推进中给普通高中传统的教育、教学和管理带来了诸多压力与挑战,这突出表现为:“选课走班制”在实际推行中存在许多堵点;“学生综合素质评价”面临着评价... 详细信息

自2014年新高考改革启动以来,已在全国29个省市逐步推进。调研发现,新高考在实际推进中给普通高中传统的教育、教学和管理带来了诸多压力与挑战,这突出表现为:“选课走班制”在实际推行中存在许多堵点;“学生综合素质评价”面临着评价标准不一、结果应用受限等困境;“学生生涯规划教育”存在着专业性不强、效果不佳等问题;学生多样化自由选课凸显教师队伍结构性缺编等。针对上述问题,应加强普通高中选课走班制的资源条件支持,健全学生综合素质评价的体制机制,提高学生生涯规划教育的专业性和精准度,积极破解改革所导致的教师结构性缺编问题,以推动和确保新高考改革各项政策有效落地实施。

关键词：新高考改革选课走班制学生综合素质评价生涯规划教育教育教学改革

《中国高血压防治指南(2024年修订版)》解读

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实用心脑肺血管病杂志 2025年第1期33卷 1-7页

作者：马志毅清华大学附属北京清华长庚医院心血管内科北京市102218

《中国高血压防治指南(2024年修订版)》编写过程历时2年余,专家组在细致整理最新研究成果的基础上,广泛征求了百余位专家学者的意见与建议,该指南凝聚了我国高血压领域多个学术团体及专家学者的心血和智慧,其中更新、新增的内容众多,从... 详细信息

《中国高血压防治指南(2024年修订版)》编写过程历时2年余,专家组在细致整理最新研究成果的基础上,广泛征求了百余位专家学者的意见与建议,该指南凝聚了我国高血压领域多个学术团体及专家学者的心血和智慧,其中更新、新增的内容众多,从高血压的流行病学、临床研究的历史沿革角度出发,对高血压的诊断、治疗、管理提出了最新的推荐建议,并对高血压领域未来发展方向提出了研究展望。本文重点介绍了其在高血压诊断标准、血压测量方法、高血压发病的危险因素与高血压患者心血管预后的危险因素、高血压靶器官损伤的中国标准、高血压治疗(包括改善生活方式、降压药物治疗、器械治疗、中医药治疗)、高血压的特殊表型等方面的更新内容。

关键词：高血压中国指南

Recent advances in room-temperature phosphorescent materials by manipulating intermolecular interactions

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第2期66卷 304-314页

作者： Liangwei ma Xiang ma Key Laboratory for Advance materials and Feringa Noble Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre Frontiers Science for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science&TechnologyShanghai200237China

Metal-free room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP)materials have the characteristics of large Stokes shift,long lifetime,and triplet state *** exhibit application potential in various fields,such as bioimaging,computer display,sensor,and anticounterfeiting and have drawn much research *** work showed that manipulating intermolecular interactions(e.g.,crystallization,polymerization,and rigid matrix)and host-guest assembly to restrain nonradiative transitions and isolate phosphor from oxygen as much as possible is a feasible way to obtain various types of efficient RTP *** some cases,intermolecular interactions also facilitated RTP emission by regulating the triplet *** the other hand,heavy atoms(Br,I,etc.),heteroatoms(N,O,S,etc.),or carbonyls were introduced to the molecular skeleton through molecular engineering to enhance intersystem crossing,which is important for populating the triplet *** comprehensively using the aforesaid strategies,great progress has been made for RTP *** this mini-review,we summarized recent advances in organic RTP materials based on manipulating intermolecular *** host-guest assembly,hydrogen-bond assembly,energy transfer process,and exciplex emission system-based RTP materials were well *** summary,the current challenges and prospects for development in this field were presented.

关键词： room-temperature phosphorescence host-guest assembly energy transfer exciplex supermolecule

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复杂条件下深埋条带采空区TEM探测技术

煤炭技术 2025年第1期44卷 125-130页

作者：马炳镇中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司西安710077

城市郊区的电磁环境较为复杂,为实现复杂条件下深埋煤矿条带采空区有效探查,采用施工装置灵活、对低阻积水采空区响应敏感的TEM(瞬变电磁法)进行探测。先对勘探区地表探测条件的复杂性进行了分析介绍,然后讨论了条带采空区覆岩三带发育... 详细信息

城市郊区的电磁环境较为复杂,为实现复杂条件下深埋煤矿条带采空区有效探查,采用施工装置灵活、对低阻积水采空区响应敏感的TEM(瞬变电磁法)进行探测。先对勘探区地表探测条件的复杂性进行了分析介绍,然后讨论了条带采空区覆岩三带发育规律与围岩介质电性特征,分析其探测目标体与围岩介质存在较明显的电阻率差异,使其具备了较好的地球物理勘探前提条件。项目实施过程中,首先做好设计及施工阶段有效针对性的技术保障措施,保证获取的一手数据资料质量可靠;其次,在资料处理阶段,采用电磁噪声干扰校正技术和约束反演技术,提高对地质异常体的探测分辨能力,实现对目标体的有效探测。经钻探验证探测成果可靠,为后期注浆治理工作提供了有力支撑。

关键词： TEM探测条带采空区电磁干扰校正约束反演

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煤矿提升机天轮安全运维在线监测系统研究

煤矿现代化 2025年第1期34卷 91-96,101页

作者：马智宏晋能控股集团煤峪口矿山西大同037000

为解决矿井提升机天轮传统运维方式存在的效率较低、运行监控难度较大、安全运维成本较高、智能化不足等问题,本文对煤矿提升机天轮结构组成进行分析,研究了煤矿提升机天轮常见故障机理的基础上,搭建出天轮平台音视频协同安全运维在线... 详细信息

为解决矿井提升机天轮传统运维方式存在的效率较低、运行监控难度较大、安全运维成本较高、智能化不足等问题,本文对煤矿提升机天轮结构组成进行分析,研究了煤矿提升机天轮常见故障机理的基础上,搭建出天轮平台音视频协同安全运维在线监测系统,对硬件系统和软件控制系统进行研究,实现了对天轮振动、偏振、音频信号的全方位采集和实时远程监控运维,搭建出天轮监控评价指标体系。经试验和现场调试后表明,测试得到的天轮端面圆跳动≤9 mm,设备异常识别精度达0.01,响应时间仅为1.97 s,取得了满意的实验和应用结果。

关键词：煤矿提升机天轮安全运维在线监测多传感器

Molecular simulation study of the microstructures and properties of pyridinium ionic liquid[HPy][BF_(4)]mixed with acetonitrile

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第4期42卷 27-32页

作者： XU Jian-Qiang ma Zhao-Peng CHENG Si LIU Zhi-Cong ZHU Guang-Lai Department of Physics School of Physics and Electronic InformationAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China

The microstructures and thermodynamic properties of mixed systems comprising pyridinium ionic liquid[HPy][BF_(4)]and acetonitrile at different mole fractions were studied using molecular dynamics simulation in this *** following properties were determined:density,self-diffusion coefficient,excess molar volume,and radial distribution *** results show that with an increase in the mole fraction of[HPy][BF_(4)],the self-diffusion coefficient ***,the excess molar volume initially decreases,reaches a minimum,and then *** rules of radial distribution functions(RDFs)of characteristic atoms are *** increasing the mole fraction of[HPy][BF_(4)],the first peak of the RDFs of HA1-F decreases,while that of CT6-CT6 rises at first and then *** indicates that the solvent molecules affect the polar and non-polar regions of[HPy][BF_(4)]differently.

关键词： Pyridinium ionic liquids Thermodynamic properties Molecular dynamics simulation Radial distribution functions

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多传感欠驱动水果采摘机械手的设计

农机化研究 2025年第1期47卷 93-98,105页

作者：蒋林祥贺磊盈马锃宏浙江理工大学机械工程学院杭州310018

机械手是水果采摘机器人与水果直接接触部分,在采摘过程中具有至关重要的作用,其设计是采摘机器人研发的重要环节。针对大部分水果生长环境复杂、形状不规则,且表皮易受损的现状,设计了一种多传感欠驱动采摘机械手,并采用腱绳传动的欠... 详细信息

机械手是水果采摘机器人与水果直接接触部分,在采摘过程中具有至关重要的作用,其设计是采摘机器人研发的重要环节。针对大部分水果生长环境复杂、形状不规则,且表皮易受损的现状,设计了一种多传感欠驱动采摘机械手,并采用腱绳传动的欠驱动系统,内嵌微型彩色相机、激光测距传感器和压力薄膜传感器等模块。首先,对压力薄膜传感器采集的数据进行滤波和标定处理,实现在复杂环境中对水果恒定力采摘,防止水果受损;最后,进行了样机制作,并在实验室搭建采摘平台,验证了采摘机械手设计的可靠性和稳定性。

关键词：水果采摘机械手欠驱动多传感压力薄膜传感器

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Dispersion and attenuation of compressional waves in tight oil reservoirs: Experiments and simulations

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Applied Geophysics 2019年第1期16卷 33-45页

作者： ma Ru-Peng ba Jing Carcione José maria Zhou Xin Li Fan School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing211100China Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografi a e di Geofi sica Sperimentale (OGS) Borgo Grotta Gigante 42cSgonicoTrieste 34010Italy

We performed ultrasonic experiments in specimens from a tight oil reservoir. The P-wave attenuation of fl uid-saturated specimens was estimated by the spectral ratio method. The results suggest that at ultrasonic frequencies, most specimens have stronger attenuation under gas-saturated conditions than at water- or oil-saturated conditions. The P-wave attenuation positively correlates with permeability. Scanning electron microscopy observations and the triple-porosity structure model were used to simulate the wave propagation. The P-wave velocity dispersion and attenuation are discussed on the basis of the Biot, Biot– Rayleigh double-porosity medium, and the triple-porosity structure models. The results suggest that the Biot and Biot–Rayleigh models cannot explain the attenuation, whereas the triple-porosity structure model is in agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, we infer that microcracks are common in a porosity of 5%–10%, and the size of microcracks increases in samples with higher porosity. However, the volume ratios of microcracks and clay inclusions remain constant regardless of porosity variations. The size of microcracks is signifi cantly larger than the clay inclusions, and the bulk modulus of microcracks is lower than the bulk modulus of clays.

关键词： porosity Biot Rayleigh wave dispersion attenuation

Structural Design and Dynamic Characteristics of Overloaded Horizontal Servo Cylinder for Resisting Dynamic Partial Load

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2019年第1期32卷 103-112页

作者： Linan ma Qingxue Huang Lifeng ma Qiangjun ma Wenze Zhang Heyong Han Collaboration Innovation Center of Taiyuan Heavy machinery Equipment Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Taiyuan University of Technology

When an output curve force is applied to a horizontal servo cylinder with a heavy load, the piston rod bears a dynamic partial load based on the installation and load characteristics, which significantly a ects the frequency response and control accuracy of the servo cylinder. based on this partial load, increased friction can lead to cylinder bore scu ng, leakage, lack of output power, or even system failure. In this paper, a novel asymmetric static-pressure support structure is proposed based on the principle of hydrostatic support. The radial component force of a dynamic partial load is balanced by cooperation between the support oil cushion of the variable hydraulic pressure support structure, oil cushion of the supportive force, and the damper. Adaptive control of the servo cylinder piston rod, guide sleeve, and piston, as well as the cylinder oil film friction between lubricated surfaces is achieved. In this paper, theoretical design and analysis of the traditional hydrostatic bearing structure and novel structure are presented. A hydraulic dynamic shear scissor is used as a research target to derive a structural dynamic model. Comparative simulations are performed using matlab Simulink. Additionally, flow field analysis of the novel structure is performed, which verifies the rationality and feasibility of the proposed structure and system.

关键词： Dynamic partial load Servo cylinder Asymmetrical static-pressure support structure Bearing characteristics