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Characteristics of wind-sand transportation along railways in the eastern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert and sand control system

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第3期6卷 152-166页

作者： Hongguang Dong Jianjun Cheng Benteng ma Yupeng li Yuanqing Chen college of Water Conservancy&Architectural Engineering Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832003Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina

This paper focuses on the Korla-Ruoqiang desert railway line,utilizing ERAS(ERA5 is the fifth generation of ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)atmospheric reanalysis global climate data)wind data to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the wind energy environment along the line in all aspects,reveals the characteristics of wind-sand transport,and puts forward the countermeasures to prevent and control wind-sand *** results of the study indicate that:(1)the wind-sand along the line mainly occurs in the spring and summer seasons,and the dominant sand-moving directions are easterly(ENE,E and NNE)and northeasterly(NE).(2)The average annual sand-moving wind speed ranges from 5.80 m/s to 7.25 m/s,and the annual frequency of sand-moving ranges from 11.99%to 3..26%.(3.The annual sand drift potential(DP)along the line ranges from 69.20 VU to 607.24 VU,with three types of wind energy environments:low,medium and *** resultant drift potential(RDP)ranges from 45.52 VU to 547.49 VU,and the wind variability index(RDP/DP)is between 0.54 and 0.90.(4)The average sand transport quantity along the line ranges from 2.92 m^(3./m/a to 9.09 m3.m/*** on these results,we optimize the sand blocking,sand fixing and wind erosion prevention measures for different types of wind-sand environments,establish a scientific and efficient wind-sand protection and control system to solve the wind-sand problems and provide a scientific foundation for the prevention and control of wind-sand disasters along the line.

关键词： desert railway wind energy environment sand-moving speed sand transport activities sand control system

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Probing dark matter particles from evaporating primordial black holes via electron scattering in the CDEX-10 experiment

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 83-91页

作者： Zhenhua Zhang litao Yang Qian Yue Kejun Kang Yuanjing li Haipeng An Greeshma C. {3. Chang Yunhua Chen {3. Cheng Wenhan Dai Zhi Deng Changhao Fang Xinping Geng Hui Gong Qiuju Guo Tao Guo Xuyuan Guo li He Shengming He Jinwei Hu Hanxiong Huang Tuchen Huang lin Jiang S.Karmakar Haubin li Hanyu li Jianmin li Jin li Qianyun li Renming{13. li Xueqian li Yulan li Yifan liang Bin liao FongKay lin ShinTed lin Jiaxuan liu Shukui liu Yandong liu Yu liu Yuanyuan liu Hao ma Yucai mao Qiyuan Nie Jinhua Ning Hui Pan Ningchun Qi {13. Ren Xichao Ruan Monoj Kumar Singh Tianxi Sun Changjian Tang Yang Tian Guangfu Wang Junzheng Wang li Wang Qing Wang Yufeng Wang Yunxiang Wang Henry Tsz-King Wong Shiyong Wu Yucheng Wu Haoyang Xing Rui Xu Yin Xu Tao Xue Yulu Yan Nan Yi Chunxu Yu Haijun Yu Jianfeng Yue Ming Zeng Zhi Zeng Bingtao Zhang Fengshou Zhang Lei Zhang Zhenyu Zhang Jizhong Zhao Kangkang Zhao Minggang Zhao Jifang Zhou Zuying Zhou Jingjun Zhu CDEX Collaboration Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging(Ministry of Education)and Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipei 11529China NUCTECH Company Beijing 100084China YaLong River Hydropower Development Company Chengdu 610051China college of Nuclear Science and Technology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China college of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Nuclear Physics China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear and Technology Sun Yet-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Department of Physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China 不详

Dark matter(DM)is a major constituent of the ***,no definite evidence of DM particles(denoted as“χ”)has been found in DM direct detection(DD)experiments to *** is a novel concept of detectingχfrom evaporating primordial black holes(PBHs).We search forχemitted from PBHs by investigating their interaction with target *** examined PBH masses range from 1×10^(15)to 7×10^(16)g under the current {3.mits of PBH abundance *** 205.4 kg·day data obtained from the CDEX-10 experiment conducted in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory,we exclude theχ-electron(χ-e)elastic-scattering cross sectionσ_(χe)~5×10^(-29)cm^(2)forχwith a mass■keV from our *** the higher radiation background but lower energy threshold(160 eV),CDEX-10 fills a part of the gap in the previous ***(m_(χ),σ_(χe))can be determined in the future,DD experiments are expected to impose strong constraints on fPBHfor large MPBHs.

关键词： CDEX primordial black hole light dark matter particle dark matter-electron scattering high purity germanium detector

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Disaster effects of climate change in High Mountain Asia:State of art and scientific challenges Disaster effects of climate change in High Mountain Asia:State of art and scientific challenges

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 367-389页

作者： Hao WANG Bin-Bin WANG Peng CUI Yao-Ming ma Yan WANG Jian-Sheng HAO Yu WANG Ya-Mei li li-Jun SUN Jiao WANG Guo-Tao ZHANG Wei-Mo li Yu LEI Wen-Qing ZHAO Jin-Bo TANG Chao-Yue li Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China‒Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesIslamabad 45320Pakistan college of Earth and Planetary sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China college of atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes Dingri 858200China

High Mountain Asia(Hma)shows a remarkable warming tendency and divergent trend of regional precipitation with enhanced meteorological *** rapid thawing of the Hma cryosphere may alter the magnitude and frequency of nature *** reviewed the influence of climate change on various types of nature hazards in Hma region,including their phenomena,mechanisms and *** reveals that:1)the occurrences of extreme rainfall,heavy snowfall,and drifting snow hazards are escalating;accelerated ice and snow melting have advanced the onset and increased the magnitude of snowmelt floods;2)due to elevating trigger factors,such as glacier debuttressing and the rapid shift of thermal and hydrological regime of bedrock/snow/ice interface or subsurface,the mass flow hazards including bedrock landslide,snow avalanche,ice-rock avalanches or glacier detachment,and debris flow will become more severe;3.increased active-layer detachment and retrogressive thaw slumps slope failures,thaw settlement and thermokarst lake will damage many important engineering structures and infrastructure in permafrost region;4)multi-hazards cascading hazard in Hma,such as the glacial lake outburst flood(GLOF)and avalanche-induced mass flow may greatly enlarge the destructive power of the primary hazard by amplifying its volume,mobility,and impact force;and 5)enhanced slope instability and sediment supply in the highland areas could impose remote catastrophic impacts upon lowland regions,and threat hydropower security and future water *** future,ongoing thawing of Hma will profoundly weaken the multiple-phase material of bedrock,ice,water,and soil,and enhance activities of nature *** and cascading hazards of high magnitude will prevail in *** the glacier runoff overpasses the peak water,low flow or droughts in lowland areas downstream of glacierized mountain regions will became more frequent and *** escalating hazards in the Hma region requires tackling s

关键词： High Mountain Asia Climate change Cryosphere degradation Nature hazards Disaster risk

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Discrepancy of mass Transport between the Northern and the Southern Hemisphere among the ERA-40 Reanalysis,NCEP/NCAR and NCEP-DOE AMIP-2 Reanalysis

Discrepancy of Mass Transport between the Northern and the S...

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中国气象学会2006年年会“季风及其模拟”分会场

作者： Yufei Zhao1, 2, jianping li2 1 college of {3. {3., lanzhou university, lanzhou 73.000, China 2 LASG, Institute of {3. Physics, Chinese Academy of {3., Beijing 100029, China

The atmospheric mass transfer between the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and the Southern Hemisphere (SH) across the equator is calculated from the ERA-40 Re-analysis, the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis (NCEP 1) and

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基于小波变换的苏州暴雨前GNSS水汽异常变化分析

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导航定位学报 2024年第3期12卷 63-71页

作者：潘建平李黎马华锋张明松苏州科技大学地理科学与测绘工程学院/北斗导航与环境感知研究中心江苏苏州215009

为研究暴雨前的大气水汽异常变化,该文基于2022年苏州市全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)数据和邻近气象站的逐小时降水量观测数据,利用小波变换方法分解重构GNSS大气可降水量(PWV)时序,分析暴雨前的GNSS PWV时序变化特征和异常信号。研究结果表... 详细信息

为研究暴雨前的大气水汽异常变化,该文基于2022年苏州市全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)数据和邻近气象站的逐小时降水量观测数据,利用小波变换方法分解重构GNSS大气可降水量(PWV)时序,分析暴雨前的GNSS PWV时序变化特征和异常信号。研究结果表明:2022年苏州暴雨发生前PWV普遍有1~3.内的明显上升期,夏季暴雨的PWV最大峰值可达72.4 mm,秋季暴雨PWV的最大峰值可达68.3.mm,春季暴雨的PWV峰值最大可达46.3.mm;突发性极端暴雨与PWV增幅关系密切,增幅越快,降水量越大;PWV经小波分解重构后,第四层高频系数(d4)的峰值或谷值往往早于暴雨发生时刻1~3.d,PWV增幅越快,PWV的d4高频系数振幅越大。本方法可探测出暴雨发生前的PWV时序异常变化,为暴雨短临预报提供一定参考依据。

关键词：全球卫星导航系统(GNSS) 暴雨可降水量小波变换

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Profound loss of microbial necromass carbon in permafrost thaw-subsidence in the central Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 647-657页

作者： Wen-Ting ZHOU Quan-lian li Shi-Chang KANG Xiao-Dong WU Tian ma Xiao-Bo WU Xin XIONG Tanuj SHUKLA maheswar RUPAKHETI Dipesh RUPAKHETI Da-He QIN Xiu-Feng YIN Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric ScienceNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Norhwest Instiute of Eco-Evironment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Scienes Lanzhou 730000China university of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems and College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730020China Lushan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiang 332900China Research Institute for Sustainability-Helmholtz Centre Potsdam Potsdam 14467Germany Jiangsu Key Laboratory of atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Climate warming is causing rapid permafrost degradation,including thaw-induced subsidence,potentially resulting in heightened carbon ***,our understanding of the levels and variations of carbon components in permafrost,particularly during the degradation process,remains *** uncertainties arising from this process lead to inaccurate assessments of the climate effects during permafrost *** vast expanses of permafrost in the Tibetan Plateau,there is limited research available on SOC components,particularly in the central Tibetan *** remarkable variations in hydrothermal conditions across different areas of the Tibetan Plateau,the existing limited studies make it challenging to assess the overall SOC components in the permafrost across the Tibetan Plateau and simulate their future *** this study,we examined the properties of soil organic carbon(SOC)and microbial necromass carbon(MicrobialNC)in a representative permafrost thaw-subsidence area at the southern edge of continuous permafrost in the central Tibetan *** results indicate that prior to the thaw-subsidence,the permafrost had a SOC content of 72.68±18.53.mg g^(-1),with MicrobialNC accounting for 49.6%.The thaw-subsidence of permafrost led to a 56.4%reduction in SOC,with MicrobialNC accounting for 70.0%of the lost *** constitutes the primary component of permafrost SOC,and it is the main component that is lost during thaw-subsidence *** in MicrobialNC are primarily correlated with factors pH,plant input,and microbial *** present study holds crucial implications for both the ecological and biogeochemical processes associated with carbon release from permafrost,and it furnishes essential data necessary for modeling the global response of permafrost to climate *** on this study and previous research,permafrost thawing in the Tibetan Plateau causes substantial loss of ***,there's remarkable heterogeneit

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Thaw-subsidence Soil organic carbon Microbial necromass carbon Amino sugars

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Characteristics of wind-sand transportation along railways in the eastern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert and sand control system

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第03期 134-148页

作者： Hongguang Dong Jianjun Cheng Benteng ma Yupeng li Yuanqing Chen college of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering Shihezi University

This paper focuses on the Korla-Ruoqiang desert railway line,utilizing ERA5(ERA5 is the fifth generation of ECMWF（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts） atmospheric reanalysis global climate data) wind data to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the wind energy environment along the line in all aspects,reveals the characteristics of wind-sand transport,and puts forward the countermeasures to prevent and control wind-sand *** results of the study indicate that:（1） the wind-sand along the line mainly occurs in the spring and summer seasons,and the dominant sand-moving directions are easterly（ENE,E and NNE） and northeasterly（NE）.（2） The average annual sand-moving wind speed ranges from 5.80 m/s to 7.25 m/s,and the annual frequency of sand-moving ranges from 11.99% to 3..26%.（3. The annual sand drift potential（DP） along the line ranges from 69.20 VU to 607.24VU,with three types of wind energy environments:low,medium and *** resultant drift potential（RDP） ranges from 45.52 VU to 547.49 VU,and the wind variability index（RDP/DP） is between 0.54 and 0.90.（4） The average sand transport quantity along the line ranges from 2.92 m3.m/a to 9.09 m3.m/*** on these results,we optimize the sand blocking,sand fixing and wind erosion prevention measures for different types of wind-sand environments,establish a scientific and efficient wind-sand protection and control system to solve the wind-sand problems and provide a scientific foundation for the prevention and control of wind-sand disasters along the line.

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Comparison of Nonlinear Local Lyapunov Vectors with Bred Vectors, Random Perturbations and Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter Strategies in a Barotropic Model

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2016年第9期33卷 1036-1046页

作者： jie FENG Ruiqiang DING jianping li Deqiang liU State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 college of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Global Systems Division Earth System Research Laboratory/Oceanic and Atmospheric Research/National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationBoulderCO80305USA Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225 college of Global Change and Earth System sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875 Joint Center for Global Change Studies Beijing 100875 Fujian Meteorological Observatory Fuzhou 350001

The breeding method has been widely used to generate ensemble perturbations in ensemble forecasting due to its simple concept and low computational cost. This method produces the fastest growing perturbation modes to catch the growing components in analysis errors. However, the bred vectors （BVs） are evolved on the same dynamical flow, which may increase the dependence of perturbations. In contrast, the nonlinear local Lyapunov vector （NLLV） scheme generates flow-dependent perturbations as in the breeding method, but regularly conducts the Gram-Schmidt reorthonormalization processes on the perturbations. The resulting NLLVs span the fast-growing perturbation subspace efficiently, and thus may grasp more com- ponents in analysis errors than the BVs. In this paper, the NLLVs are employed to generate initial ensemble perturbations in a barotropic quasi-geostrophic model. The performances of the ensemble forecasts of the NLLV method are systematically compared to those of the random pertur- bation （RP） technique, and the BV method, as well as its improved version--the ensemble transform Kalman filter （ETKF） method. The results demonstrate that the RP technique has the worst performance in ensemble forecasts, which indicates the importance of a flow-dependent initialization scheme. The ensemble perturbation subspaces of the NLLV and ETKF methods are preliminarily shown to catch similar components of analysis errors, which exceed that of the BVs. However, the NLLV scheme demonstrates slightly higher ensemble forecast skill than the ETKF scheme. In addition, the NLLV scheme involves a significantly simpler algorithm and less computation time than the ETKF method, and both demonstrate better ensemble forecast skill than the BV scheme.

关键词： ensemble forecasting bred vector nonlinear local Lyapunov vector ensemble transform Kalman filter

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The Relationship between Deterministic and Ensemble Mean Forecast Errors Revealed by Global and Local Attractor Radii

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2019年第3期36卷 271-278,339页

作者： jie FENG jianping li Jing ZHANG Deqiang liU Ruiqiang DING School of Meteorology University of Oklahoma college of Global Change and Earth System Science (GCESS) Beijing Normal University Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere GSD/ESRL/OAR/NOAA Fujian Meteorological Observatory Wuyishan National Park Meteorological Observatory State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Information Technology

It has been demonstrated that ensemble mean forecasts, in the context of the sample mean, have higher forecasting skill than deterministic(or single) forecasts. However, few studies have focused on quantifying the relationship between their forecast errors, especially in individual prediction cases. Clarification of the characteristics of deterministic and ensemble mean forecasts from the perspective of attractors of dynamical systems has also rarely been involved. In this paper, two attractor statistics—namely, the global and local attractor radii(GAR and LAR, respectively)—are applied to reveal the relationship between deterministic and ensemble mean forecast errors. The practical forecast experiments are implemented in a perfect model scenario with the Lorenz96 model as the numerical results for verification. The sample mean errors of deterministic and ensemble mean forecasts can be expressed by GAR and LAR, respectively, and their ratio is found to approach2^(1/2) with lead time. Meanwhile, the LAR can provide the expected ratio of the ensemble mean and deterministic forecast errors in individual cases.

关键词： attractor radius ensemble forecasting ensemble mean forecast error saturation

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Estimating the Predictability limit of Tropical Cyclone Tracks over the Western North Pacific Using Observational Data

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2018年第12期35卷 1491-1504页

作者： Quanjia ZHONG lifeng ZHANG jianping li Ruiqiang DING {3. FENG State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences college of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense Technology college of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology college of Global Change and Earth System sciences Beijing Normal University School of Meteorology University of Oklahoma

In this study,the nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent(NLLE)approach was used to quantitatively determine the predictability limit of tropical cyclone(TC)tracks based on observed TC track data obtained from the Joint Typhoon Warning *** results show that the predictability limit of all TC tracks over the whole western North Pacific(WNP)basin is about 102 h,and the average lifetime of all TC tracks is about 174 *** predictability limits of the TC tracks for short-,medium-,and long-lived TCs are approximately 72 h,120 h,and 13. h,*** predictability limit of the TC tracks depends on the TC genesis location,lifetime,and intensity,and further analysis indicated that these three metrics are closely *** more intense and longer-lived TCs tend to be generated on the eastern side of the WNP(EWNP),whereas the weaker and shorter-lived TCs tend to form in the west of the WNP(WWNP)and the South China Sea(SCS).The relatively stronger and longer-lived TCs,which are generated mainly in the EWNP,have a longer travel time before they curve northeastwards and hence tend to be more predictable than the relatively weaker and shorter-lived TCs that form in the WWNP region and ***,the results show that the predictability limit of the TC tracks obtained from the best-track data may be underestimated due to the relatively short observational records currently *** work is needed,employing a numerical model to assess the predictability of TC tracks.

关键词： predictability tropical cyclone tracks nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent

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