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2023年全国科技馆运行情况分析

自然科学博物馆研究 2024年第2期9卷 5-12页

作者：王美力杨洋宋岳龙王姝婧马宇罡蔡文东赵洋中国科技馆科研管理部北京市100101 中国科技馆网络科普部北京市100101

2023年全国科技馆持续提升服务能力和服务效能,总体建设、教育活动均表现出色,接待观众数量同比更创新高,增长率超90%。本文在2023年全国科技馆调查结果的基础上进行了分析研究,希望为科技馆的规划编制、决策部署、业务发展、项目研究... 详细信息

2023年全国科技馆持续提升服务能力和服务效能,总体建设、教育活动均表现出色,接待观众数量同比更创新高,增长率超90%。本文在2023年全国科技馆调查结果的基础上进行了分析研究,希望为科技馆的规划编制、决策部署、业务发展、项目研究提供参考,从而推动现代科技馆体系高质量发展。

关键词：科技馆现代科技馆体系数据分析

Searching for dark matter particles using Compton scattering

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第9期45卷 1-9页

作者： Shang Wang Changbo Fu De-Chang Dai Hongwei Wang Gongtao Fan Xiguang Cao yugang ma Center for Gravity and Cosmology School of Phys.Sci.&Tech.Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China CERCA/Department of Physics/ISO Case Western Reserve UniversityCleveland OH 44106-7079USA Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China

The dark matter puzzle is one of the most important fundamental physics questions in the 21st *** is no doubt that solving the puzzle will be a new milestone for human beings in achieving a deeper understanding of ***,we propose the use of the Shanghai laser electron gamma source(SLEGS)to search for dark matter candidate particles,including dark pseudoscalar particles,dark scalar particles,and dark *** simulations indicate that,with some upgrading,electron facilities such as SLEGS could be competitive platforms in the search for light dark matter particles with a mass below tens of keV.

关键词： axion dark matter Compton scattering

Event-triggered sliding mode control of linear repetitive processes and its application in metal rolling process

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 167-181页

作者： Xinyu LV yugang NIU James LAM Key Laboratory of Smart manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process (East China University of Science and Technology) Ministry of Education Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

This paper investigates the design problem of a sliding mode controller for linear repetitive processes(LRPs) with a finite pass length on each pass. Under limited communication resources, an eventtriggered mechanism is implemented from the sensors to the controller, whose triggered sequence is consistent with the evolution direction of LRPs. To periodically orchestrate communication between the controller and actuator, a round-robin scheduling mechanism is established based on the pass length. A sliding function involving the state and pass profile is constructed, and the sliding mode controller is designed using triggered states and pass profile signals. Feasible controller gains are attained to ensure the stability of the resultant closed-loop system. Finally, the proposed strategy is implemented for a multi-roll metal rolling process.

关键词： event-triggered mechanism linear repetitive processes metal rolling process round-robin scheduling sliding mode control

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集体流——从核子自由度到夸克自由度

复旦学报（自然科学版） 2023年第3期62卷 273-292,309页

作者：马余刚复旦大学核科学与技术系/现代物理研究所

集体流是从中低能重离子物理到高能核物理之间一些共性的问题。集体流大小可以利用傅里叶级数展开的各阶系数来表示,其对应于直接流、椭圆流、三角流等。集体流在能量的依赖性上存在丰富的结构,反映了碰撞过程中的不同的作用机制和物质... 详细信息

集体流是从中低能重离子物理到高能核物理之间一些共性的问题。集体流大小可以利用傅里叶级数展开的各阶系数来表示,其对应于直接流、椭圆流、三角流等。集体流在能量的依赖性上存在丰富的结构,反映了碰撞过程中的不同的作用机制和物质状态。同时,粒子的集体流在核子层次和夸克层次都存在标度率行为。本文简要评述了从低能到极端相对论重离子碰撞大跨度范围的集体流现象,分别讨论了核子层次、夸克层次的集体流现象,特别是简述了作者近30年来在集体流方向的系统工作,包括提出的一些理论预言得到了大型实验组的验证。

关键词：重离子碰撞集体流直接流椭圆流组分标度率

Origin of the finite nuclear spin and its effect in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2012年第1期23卷 61-64页

作者： ZHANG Guoqiang CAO Xiguang FU Yao ma yugang CAI Xiangzou WANG Hongwei FANG Deqing CHEN Jingen GUO Wei Tian Wendong LIU Guihua Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

The heavy-ion phase-space exploration (HIPSE) model is used to discuss the origin of the nuclear spin in intermediate energy heavy-ion collision (HIC).The spin of maximal projectile-like fragment is found to depend strongly on impact parameter of a reaction system,while it relates weakly to the collision *** interesting multi-fragmentation phenomena related to the spin are *** also found that the excitation energy in the de-excitation stage plays a robust role at the de-excitation stage in HIC.

关键词：中能重离子碰撞核自旋起源激发能量空间探索影响参数反应体系断裂现象

High-energy-density plasma in femtosecond-laser-irradiated nanowire-array targets for nuclear reactions

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第6期7卷 29-40页

作者： Defeng Kong Guoqiang Zhang Yinren Shou Shirui Xu Zhusong Mei Zhengxuan Cao Zhuo Pan Pengjie Wang Guijun Qi Yao Lou Zhiguo ma Haoyang Lan Wenzhao Wang Yunhui Li Peter Rubovic martin Veselsky Aldo Bonasera Jiarui Zhao Yixing Geng Yanying Zhao Changbo Fu Wen Luo yugang ma Xueqing Yan Wenjun ma State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of HEDP of the Ministry of EducationCAPTSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-Beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China INPAC and School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Czech Technical University in PragueHusova 240/511000 Prague 1Czech Republic ELI Beamlines Center Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences25241 DolníBrezanyCzechia Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud INFNvia Santa Sofia62Catania 95123Italy Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center HuairouBeijing 101400China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030006China

In this work,the high-energy-density plasmas(HEDP)evolved from joule-class-femtosecond-laser-irradiated nanowire-array(NWA)targets were numerically and experimentally *** results of particle-in-cell simulations indicate that ions accelerated in the sheath field around the surfaces of the nanowires are eventually confined in a plasma,contributing most to the high energy *** protons emitted from the front surfaces of the NWA targets provide rich information about the interactions that *** give the electron and ion energy densities for broad target parameter *** ion energy densities from NWA targets were found to be an order of magnitude higher than those from planar targets,and the volume of the HEDP was several-fold *** optimal target parameters,8%of the laser energy can be converted to confined protons,and this results in ion energy densities at the GJ/cm^(3) *** the experiments,the measured energy of the emitted protons reached 4 MeV,and the changes in energy with the NWA’s parameters were found to fit the simulation results *** measurements of neutrons from 2H(d,n)3He fusion with a yield of(24±18)×10^(6)/J from deuterated polyethylene NWA targets also confirmed these results.

关键词： irradiated confined eventually

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2022年原子核物理科技热点回眸

科技导报 2023年第1期41卷 14-29页

作者：马余刚复旦大学现代物理研究所核物理与离子束应用教育部重点实验室上海200433 国家自然科学基金委理论物理专款-上海核物理理论研究中心上海200438

作为连接微观粒子物理与介观原子分子物理的桥梁,核科学是一个广泛而多样的学科。从宇宙大爆炸后几个微秒内生成的夸克-胶子等离子体,到质子和中子的形成开始以及元素的合成与演化,再到天体核过程的恒星爆炸和中子星并合,原子核物理学... 详细信息

作为连接微观粒子物理与介观原子分子物理的桥梁,核科学是一个广泛而多样的学科。从宇宙大爆炸后几个微秒内生成的夸克-胶子等离子体,到质子和中子的形成开始以及元素的合成与演化,再到天体核过程的恒星爆炸和中子星并合,原子核物理学是我们理解宇宙的基础。同时,经过百余年的发展,核物理领域仍有蓬勃的生命力,大量未知现象的发现与科技的发展为人类带来了新的机遇与挑战。简要回顾了2022年原子核物理科技发展的前沿与热点,其中不乏国内引领的优秀工作。而这些方向的突破也为基础科学的发展、国家安全的保障和其他社会应用开辟了新的途径。

关键词：原子核核子短程关联衰变核天体物理高能核物理光子核物理

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双质子发射实验研究进展

科学通报 2020年第35期65卷 4018-4026页

作者：方德清马余刚复旦大学现代物理研究所教育部核物理与离子束应用重点实验室上海200433

放射性是不稳定核的一个重要特性,比较常见的模式有α、β、γ衰变及裂变.双质子发射是质子滴线区原子核的一种奇异放射性,对研究极端丰质子核的结构、质量、质子对关联等有重要意义,是近年来放射性核束物理的重要前沿方向之一.本文简... 详细信息

放射性是不稳定核的一个重要特性,比较常见的模式有α、β、γ衰变及裂变.双质子发射是质子滴线区原子核的一种奇异放射性,对研究极端丰质子核的结构、质量、质子对关联等有重要意义,是近年来放射性核束物理的重要前沿方向之一.本文简要评述了双质子发射实验研究进展,介绍了几种常用的实验探测方法及鉴别双质子发射机制的研究方法.奇异放射性研究的困难在于滴线区不稳定核的产生.中国在建的HIAF装置有强流的优势,结合先进的探测技术与研究方法,将来有望在滴线区原子核的奇异放射性实验研究方向开展最前沿的工作.

关键词：丰质子核双质子发射在束衰变方法注入衰变方法光学读出时间投影室成像方法

Study on the vertical deformations induced by terrestrial water storage changes in Huang-Huai-Hai river basin

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第4期15卷 352-365页

作者： Liansheng Deng yugang Xiao Qusen Chen Feifei Liao Zhao Li School of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi 435003China Hubei Luojia Laboratory GNSS Research CenterWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079.China Changjiang Spatial Information Technology Engineering Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430010China

Terrestrial water storage(TWs)variations are associated with water mass movements,which may cause the deformation displacements of the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)*** study investigates the spatio-temporal Tws variations and addresses the relationship between deformation variations observed in the Huang-Huai-Hai River Basin(HHHRB)and local hydrological *** indicate that the vertical velocities at the GNSS stations induced by TWS changes are relatively small,and the impacts of the terrestrial water storage changes are mainly reflected in the changes of seasonal *** there is a downward TWS trend from 2011 to 2022 in most HHHRB areas,velocities from the vertical displacements of both Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)and GRACE Follow-On(GFO)and the GNSS reflect that the HHHRB is undergoing an uplift process,while the magnitude of the GRACE/GFO derived velocities is much smaller than that of the GNSS *** hydrological deformations estimated from GRACE/GFO and GNSS measurements reveal that the TWS-derived displacements can explain 54.5%of the GNSS seasonal variations,with the phases of terrestrial water storage advancing by about one month relative to GNss common signal ***,the decrease of the groundwater storage in the HHHRB has been accelerating since *** reaching its lowest level around mid-2020,it began to rise rapidly,which might be closely related to the implementation of the South-North Water Transfer Central Project.

关键词： Terrestrial waterstorage GRACE GNSS Vertical deformations Huang-Huai-Hairiverbasin