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Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex

Science bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2833-2841页

作者： Cao, Zhen Aharonian, F. Axikegu bai, Y.X. bao, Y.W. bastieri, D. bi, X.J. bi, Y.J. bian, W. bukevich, A.V. Cao, q. Cao, W.Y. Cao, Zhe Chang, J. Chang, J.F. Chen, A.M. Chen, E.S. Chen, H.X. Chen, Liang Chen, Lin Chen, Long Chen, M.J. Chen, M.L. Chen, q.H. Chen, S. Chen, S.H. Chen, S.Z. Chen, T.L. Chen, Y. Cheng, N. Cheng, Y.D. Cui, M.Y. Cui, S.W. Cui, X.H. Cui, Y.D. Dai, b.Z. Dai, H.L. Dai, Z.G. Danzengluobu Dong, X.q. Duan, K.K. Fan, J.H. Fan, Y.Z. Fang, J. Fang, J.H. Fang, K. Feng, C.F. Feng, H. Feng, L. Feng, S.H. Feng, X.T. Feng, Y. Feng, Y.L. Gabici, S. Gao, b. Gao, C.D. Gao, q. Gao, W. Gao, W.K. Ge, M.M. Geng, L.S. Giacinti, G. Gong, G.H. Gou, q.b. Gu, M.H. Guo, F.L. Guo, X.L. Guo, Y.q. Guo, Y.Y. Han, Y.A. Hasan, M. He, H.H. He, H.N. He, J.Y. He, Y. Hor, Y.K. Hou, b.W. Hou, C. Hou, X. Hu, H.b. Hu, q. Hu, S.C. Huang, D.H. Huang, T.q. Huang, W.J. Huang, X.T. Huang, X.Y. Huang, Y. Ji, X.L. Jia, H.Y. Jia, K. Jiang, K. Jiang, X.W. Jiang, Z.J. Jin, M. Kang, M.M. Karpikov, I. Kuleshov, D. Kurinov, K. Li, b.b. Li, C.M. Li, Cheng Li, Cong Li, D. Li, F. Li, H.b. Li, H.C. Li, Jian Li, Jie Li, K. Li, S.D. Li, W.L. Li, X.R. Li, Xin Li, Y.Z. Li, Zhe Li, Zhuo Liang, E.W. Liang, Y.F. Lin, S.J. Liu, b. Liu, C. Liu, D. Liu, D.b. Liu, H. Liu, H.D. Liu, J. Liu, J.L. Liu, M.Y. Liu, R.Y. Liu, S.M. Liu, W. Liu, Y. Liu, Y.N. Luo, q. Luo, Y. Lv, H.K. ma, b.q. ma, L.L. ma, X.H. mao, J.R. Min, Z. Mitthumsiri, W. Mu, H.J. Nan, Y.C. Neronov, A. Ou, L.J. Pattarakijwanich, P. Pei, Z.Y. qi, J.C. qi, M.Y. qiao, b.q. qin, J.J. Raza, A. Ruffolo, D. Sáiz, A. Saeed, M. Semikoz, D. Shao, L. Shchegolev, O. Sheng, X.D. Shu, F.W. Song, H.C. Stenkin, Yu.V. Stepanov, V. Su, Y. Sun, D.X. Sun, q.N. Sun, X.N. Sun, Z.b. Takata, J. Tam, P.H.T. Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics & Experimental Physics Division & Computing Center Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center Chengdu China Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place 2 Dublin Ireland max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O. Box 103980 Heidelberg 69029 Germany School of Physical Science and Technology & School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117312 Russia Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024 China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China Key Laboratory of Dark matter and Space Astronomy & Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210023 China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311121 China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University) Ministry of Education Lhasa 850000 China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China School of Physics and Astronomy (Zhuhai) & School of Physics (Guangzhou) & Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology (Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519000 & Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong China Institute of Frontier and

The γ-ray emission from the W51 complex is widely acknowledged to be attributed to the interaction between the cosmic rays (CRs) accelerated by the shock of supernova remnant (SNR) W51C and the dense molecular clouds in the adjacent star-forming region, W51b. However, the maximum acceleration capability of W51C for CRs remains elusive. based on observations conducted with the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), we report a significant detection of γ rays emanating from the W51 complex, with energies from 2 to 200 TeV. The LHAASO measurements, for the first time, extend the γ-ray emission from the W51 complex beyond 100 TeV and reveal a significant spectrum bending at tens of TeV. by combining the "π0-decay bump" featured data from Fermi-LAT, the broadband γ-ray spectrum of the W51 region can be well-characterized by a simple pp-collision model. The observed spectral bending feature suggests an exponential cutoff at ∼400 TeV or a power-law break at ∼200 TeV in the CR proton spectrum, most likely providing the first evidence of SNRs serving as CR accelerators approaching the PeV regime. Additionally, two young star clusters within W51b could also be theoretically viable to produce the most energetic γ rays observed by LHAASO. Our findings strongly support the presence of extreme CR accelerators within the W51 complex and provide new insights into the origin of Galactic CRs. © 2024 Science China Press

关键词： Cosmic rays

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In situ TEM investigation of electron irradiation and aging-induced high-density nanoprecipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.Lv H.L.Ge q.q.Jin X.H.Shao Y.T.Zhou b.Zhang X.L.ma Shenyang National Laboratory for materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China School of materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce high-density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K,wt.%)alloy to improve the *** results show that the hardness of the Mg alloy after irradiation for 10 h and aging for 9 h at 250℃ is 1.64 GPa,which is approximately 64% higher than that of the samples before being *** is mainly attributed to γ'precipitates on the basal plane after irradiation and the high-density nanoscale β'precipitates on the prismatic plane after aging,which should be closely related to the irradiation-induced homogenous *** latter plays a key role in precipitation *** result paves a way to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials by tailoring the precipitation through irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg alloy Electron beam irradiation Hardening Precipitates In-situ TEM

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Simulation Analysis of Deformation Control for magnetic Soft Medical Robots

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第3期11卷 794-796页

作者： Jingxi Wang baoyu Liu Edmond q.Wu Jin ma Ping Li Key Laboratory of biomechanics and Mechanobiology(beihang University) Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineeringthe School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China IEEE the Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China the Department of Aerospace Medicine Air Force Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China

Dear Editor,This letter presents a biocompatible cross-shaped magnetic soft robot and investigates its deformation mode control strategy through COMSOL modeling and *** soft robots offer novel avenues for precise trea... 详细信息

关键词： robot simulation COMSOL

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Probing the bardeen-Kiselev black hole with the cosmological constant caused by Einstein equations coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics using quasinormal modes and greybody bounds

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 102-119页

作者： S R Wu b.q.Wang Z W Long College of Physics Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550025China

In this work,we investigate a static and spherically symmetric bardeen-Kiselev black hole(bH)with the cosmological constant,which is a solution of the Einstein-non-linear maxwell field *** compute the quasinormal frequencies for the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant due to electromagnetic and gravitational *** varying the bH parameters,we discuss the behavior of both real and imaginary parts of the bH quasinormal frequencies and compare these frequencies with the Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter bH surrounded by quintessence(RN-dSq).Interestingly,it is shown that the responses of the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant and the RN-dSq under electromagnetic perturbations are different when the charge parameter q,the state parameter w and the normalization factor c are varied;however,for the gravitational perturbations,the responses of the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant and the RN-dSq are different only when the charge parameter q is ***,compared with the gravitational perturbations,the electromagnetic perturbations can be used to understand nonlinear and linear electromagnetic fields in curved spacetime *** interesting observation is that,due to the presence of Kiselev quintessence,the electromagnetic perturbations around the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant damps faster and oscillates slowly;for the gravitational perturbations,the quasinormal mode decays slowly and oscillates *** also study the reflection and transmission coefficients along with the absorption cross section in the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant;it is shown that the transmission coefficients will increase due to the presence of Kiselev quintessence.

关键词： quasinormal modes greybody factors bardeen-Kiselev black hole with cosmological constant

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Electron kinetic effects in back-stimulated Raman scattering bursts driven by broadband laser pulses

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 54-67页

作者： q.K.Liu L.Deng q.Wang X.Zhang F.q.Meng Y.P.Wang Y.q.Gao H.b.Cai S.P.Zhu Graduate School China Academy of Engineering PhysicsBeijing 100088China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational mathematics Beijing 100094China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma Shanghai 201800China HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

We examine electron kinetic effects in broadband-laser-driven back-stimulated Raman scattering(bSRS)bursts using particle-in-cell *** bursts occur during the nonlinear stage,causing reflectivity spikes and generating large numbers of hot ***-duration simulations are performed to observe burst events,and a simplified model is developed to eliminate the interference of the broadband laser’s random intensity *** the simplified model,we isolate and characterize the spectrum of electron plasma *** spectrum changes from a sideband structure to a turbulence-like structure during the burst.A significant asymmetry in the spectrum is *** asymmetry is amplified and transferred to electron phase space by high-intensity broadband laser pulses,leading to violent vortex-merging and generation of hot *** proportion of hot electrons increases from 6.76%to 14.7%during a single violent burst *** demonstrate that kinetic effects profoundly influence the bSRS evolution driven by broadband lasers.

关键词： scattering kinetic simplified

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Rescattering of stimulated Raman side scattering in nonuniform plasmas

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 68-76页

作者： S.Tan q.Wang Y.Chen W.b.Yao C.Z.Xiao J.F.Myatt School of Physics and Electronics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational mathematics Beijing 100094China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta9211116 St.NWEdmontonAlberta T6G 1H9Canada

Rescattering of stimulated Raman side scattering(SRSS)is observed for the first time via two-dimensional(2D)particle-in-cell(PIC)*** construct a theoretical model for the rescattering process,which can predict the region of occurrence of mth-order SRSS and estimate its *** rescattering process is identified by the 2D PIC simulations under typical conditions of a direct-drive inertial confinement fusion *** electrons produced by second-order SRSS propagate nearly perpendicular to the density gradient and gain nearly the same energy as in first-order SRSS,but there is no cascade acceleration to produce superhot *** studies for a wide range of ignition conditions show that SRSS and associated rescatterings are robust and important processes in inertial confinement fusion.

关键词： nonuniform acceleration scattering

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Resistive field generation in intense proton beam interaction with solid targets

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 35-43页

作者： W.q.Wang J.J.Honrubia Y.Yin X.H.Yang F.q.Shao Department of Physics National University of Defense TechnologyHunanChina ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Department of Nuclear Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyHunanChina

The brown-Preston-Singleton(bPS)stopping power model is added to our previously developed hybrid code to model ion beam-plasma *** simulations show that both resistive field and ion scattering effects are important for proton beam transport in a solid target,in which they compete with each *** the target is not completely ionized,the self-generated resistive field effect dominates over the ion scattering ***,when the target is completely ionized,this situation is ***,it is found that Ohmic heating is important for higher current densities and materials with high *** energy fraction deposited as Ohmic heating can be as high as 20%-30%.Typical ion divergences with half-angles of about 5°-10°will modify the proton energy deposition substantially and should be taken into account.

关键词： interaction beam intense

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Linking Perceived Risk of Public Health Emergency to Psychological Distress among Chinese College Students: The Chain Mediation Role of balanced Time Perspective and Negative Coping Styles

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第8期26卷 599-610页

作者： Chang b. Zhu S. Xie q. Dai Y. School of Education Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210024 China Center of Clinical Psychology The Third People’s Hospital of Heze City Heze 274031 China School of Education Science Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China Mental Health Center Hubei Polytechnic University Huangshi 435003 China College of Teacher Education Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China

background: With public health emergencies (PHE) worldwide increasing, the perceived risk of PHE has been one of the critical factors influencing college students’ psychological distress. However, the mechanisms by which the perceived risk of PHE affects college students’ psychological distress are not clear. The study’s purpose was to investigate the mediation roles of deviation from a balanced time perspective (DbTP) and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1054 Chinese college students with self-reporting. Data was collected using the Public Risk Perception Scale (PRPS), the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), the Simplified Coping Style questionnaire (SCSq), the PHE Anxiety Scale, and the Chinese version of the Patient Health questionnaire (PHq). The associations between the perceived risk of PHE, DbTP, negative coping styles, and psychological distress were clarified using the correlation analysis. Additionally, the mediating roles of DbTP and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress were investigated using a structural equation model. Results: The findings revealed low to moderate correlations between the variables studied. Students’ perceived risk of PHE was a positive predictor of their psychological distress (b = 0.219, p bTP and negative coping styles played chain mediation roles between them with the effect being 0.009 and a 95% boot CI of [0.003, 0.023]. This chain mediation model had an excellent fit index (χ2/df = 4.732, CFI = 0.973, TLI = 0.930, RMSEA = 0.048, SRMR = 0.047). Conclusion: These findings showed how the perceived risk of PHE affected college students’ psychological distress. Specifically, these results suggested that improving students’ mental ability to switch effectively among different time perspectives depending on task features and situational considerations and reducin

关键词： balanced time perspective China college students negative coping styles Perceived risk of public health emergency psychological distress

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Precipitation of multi-type nano-quasicrystals in a Mg-Zn-Y alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 997-1008页

作者： W.Z.Wang X.Z.Zhou L.F.Zhang H.q.Ye Z.q.Yang Shenyang National Laboratory for materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of ScienceShenyang 110016China Ji Hua Laboratory Foshan 528251China Foshan University Foshan 528231China

Mg-6Zn-1Y(at.%)ribbons with strengthening precipitates of multi-type nanoquasicrystals were prepared by melt-spinning followed by aging *** evolution of the rapidly solidified ribbons during isothermal aging was comprehensively studied using various electron microscopy *** new kinds of decagonal quasicrystals were formed in aged ribbons,in addition to precipitation of nanometer icosahedral ***-resolution observations reveal that both decagonal quasicrystals can be modeled by quasiperiodic tiling with decagonal clusters of 2.5 nm in diameter,but overlap of neighboring clusters in both decagonal quasicrystals is different from the Gummelt model observed in other quasicrystals.A shell composed of complex Laves Mg-Zn domains was formed surrounding each decagonal quasicrystal precipitate upon prolonged *** addition,all kinds of nanoprecipitates exhibit excellent structure and size stability at 573 *** findings may have implications for not only fundamental studies about quasicrystals,but also microstructural manipulation of high-performance Mg alloys.

关键词： quasicrystal Mg alloys Rapid solidification Scanning-transmission electron microscopy.

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A Hybrid Signal Processing Method Combining mathematical Morphology and Walsh Theory for Power quality Disturbance Detection and Classification

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 584-592页

作者： Zhi Ding Tianyao Ji Mengshi Li q.H.Wu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of Technology(SCUT)Guangzhou 510641China

In this paper, a novel signal processing method combining mathematical morphology (MM) and Walsh theory is proposed, which uses Walsh functions to control the structuring element (SE) and MM operators. based on the Walsh-MM method, a scheme for power quality disturbances detection and classification is developed, which involves three steps: denoising, feature extraction and morphological clustering. First, various evolution rules of Walsh function are used to generate groups of SEs for the multiscale Walsh-ordered morphological operation, so the original signal can be denoised. Next, the fundamental wave of the denoised signal is suppressed by Hadamard matrix;thus, disturbances can be extracted. Finally, the Walsh power spectrum of the waveform extracted in the previous step is calculated, and the parameters of which are taken by morphological clustering to classify the disturbances. Simulation results reveal the proposed scheme can effectively detect and classify disturbances, and the Walsh-MM method is less affected by noise and only involves simple calculation, which has a potential to be implemented in hardware and more suitable for real-time application.

关键词： Hadamard matrix mathematical morphology morphological clustering power quality disturbance Walsh theory

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