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Delineating Key Determinants of Domestic Fuelwood Consumption of Rural Households in Western Himalaya-Policy Implications

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第1期11卷 195-204页

作者： mushtaq tahir SOOD Kamal Kishor PESHIN Rajinder Division of Agroforestry Sher-e-kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Division of Agricultural Extension Education Sher-e-kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology

A study was carried out in district Samba of Western Himalayan province of Jammu and Kashmir of *** data were collected in an interview schedule in personal interview with 180 household *** association between the level of fuelwood consumption(low versus high consumption) and different factors,each individually,was investigated using chi-square test of association at 0.001 level of *** was found that out of 25 socio-economic,biophysical and alternate fuel factors,15 factors(each individually) significantly influenced the domestic fuelwood *** regression models of alternate fuel use,social,economic and biophysical factors were developed to identify key variables influencing fuelwood consumption levels within each respective category.A composite model was also developed to identify key factors when all variables in all the pre-said categories were considered ***,in contrast to expectation the model with alternate fuel use did not provide a good *** biophysical model also did not provide a good *** economic and composite models were the same with equal level of accuracy of *** implies that economic aspects,rather than the availability of alternate fuels,dominate fuelwood consumption levels of rural *** to increase the exposure of the head of household to outside world needs to formulated to reduce the domestic fuelwood consumption *** nearer to state forests are to be educated about efficient use of fuelwood and be encouraged to intensify use of Liquified Petroleum *** wider implications of study are:the availability of alternate fuels is not a necessary condition to decrease household level domestic fuelwood *** factors needs to be considered in designing strategies to reduce fuelwood *** employment opportunities would increase the opportunity cost of fuelwood collection and this would reduce its use.

关键词： Social Economic Household Alternate fuel Regression

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New solitary wave and other exact solutions of the van der Waals normal form for granular materials

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2022年第2期7卷 170-177页

作者： Asim Zafar tahir mushtaq Aslam Malik Ahmet Bekir Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusPakistan Department of Mathematics University of the PunjabLahorePakistan Neighbourhood of Akcaglan Imarli StreetNumber:28/426030EskisehirTurkey

The investigation of exact solitary wave solutions to the nonlinear partial differential equation plays an important role to understand any physical phenomena in diverse applied *** current work is re-lated to the most prominent nonlinear model named as the van der Waals normal form that appeared naturally and also industrially for the granular *** oceanography,the sea ice,sand and snow are some examples of aforesaid matter among *** employ two novel integration approaches named as the simplest equation method and the exp a function method to explore the above mentioned van der Waals *** a backlash,many new solitary waves and other exact solutions are *** ob-tained results depict that the used approaches are simple and effective to deal with nonlinear ***,the numerical simulation of some solutions via two and three dimension graphical configurations are presented for certainty and exactness.

关键词： Van der Waals equation Novel integration schemes Solitary wave solutions

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Review of Techniques for Integrating Security in Software Development Lifecycle

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 139-172页

作者： Hassan Saeed Imran Shafi Jamil Ahmad Adnan Ahmed Khan tahir Khurshaid Imran Ashraf College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Rawalpindi46604Pakistan Department of Computer Science Abasyn University Islamabad CampusIslamabad45510Pakistan Military College of Signals National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Rawalpindi46600Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea

Software-related security aspects are a growing and legitimate concern,especially with 5G data available just at our *** conduct research in this field,periodic comparative analysis is needed with the new techniques coming up *** purpose of this study is to review the recent developments in the field of security integration in the software development lifecycle(SDLC)by analyzing the articles published in the last two decades and to propose a way *** review follows Kitchenham’s review *** review has been divided into three main stages including planning,execution,and *** the selected 100 articles,it becomes evident that need of a collaborative approach is necessary for addressing critical software security risks(CSSRs)through effective risk management/estimation *** risks using a numeric scale enables a comprehensive understanding of their severity,facilitating focused resource allocation and mitigation *** a comprehensive understanding of potential vulnerabilities and proactive mitigation efforts facilitated by protection poker,organizations can prioritize resources effectively to ensure the successful outcome of projects and initiatives in today’s dynamic threat *** review reveals that threat analysis and security testing are needed to develop automated tools for the *** estimation of effort required to prioritize potential security risks is a big challenge in software *** accuracy of effort estimation can be further improved by exploring new techniques,particularly those involving deep *** is also imperative to validate these effort estimation methods to ensure all potential security threats are *** challenge is selecting the right model for each specific security *** achieve a comprehensive evaluation,researchers should use well-known benchmark checklists.

关键词： Software development lifecycle systematic literature review critical software security risks national institute of standards and technology DevSecOps open web application security project McGraw’s touch points

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Vertical Pod Autoscaling in Kubernetes for Elastic Container Collaborative Framework

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 591-606页

作者： mushtaq Niazi Sagheer Abbas Abdel-Hamid Soliman tahir Alyas Shazia Asif Tauqeer Faiz School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and EconomicsLahore54000Pakistan School of Digital Technologies and ArtStaffordshire UniversityST42DFUK Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Higher Colleges of Technology Abu DhabiUAE Department of Enterprise Computing Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE

Kubernetes is an open-source container management tool which automates container deployment,container load balancing and container(de)scaling,including Horizontal Pod Autoscaler(HPA),Vertical Pod Autoscaler(VPA).HPA enables flawless operation,interactively scaling the number of resource units,or pods,without *** Resource Metrics,such as CPU and memory use of host machines and pods,are monitored by *** Computing has emerged as a platform for individuals beside the corporate *** provides cost-effective infrastructure,platform and software services in a shared *** the other hand,the emergence of industry 4.0 brought new challenges for the adaptability and infusion of cloud *** the global work environment is adapting constituents of industry 4.0 in terms of robotics,artificial intelligence and IoT devices,it is becoming eminent that one emerging challenge is collaborative *** of such autonomous mechanism that can develop,manage and operationalize digital resources like CoBots to perform tasks in a distributed and collaborative cloud environment for optimized utilization of resources,ensuring schedule *** schematics are also linked with Bigdata management produced by large scale industry 4.0 *** use cases and simulation results showed a significant improvement in Pod CPU utilization,latency,and throughput over Kubernetes environment.

关键词： Autoscaling query optimization pods kubernetes container orchestration

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Constructing S-scheme 2D/0D g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) NPs/MPs heterojunction with 2D-Ti3AlC2 MAX cocatalyst for photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction to CO/CH_(4) in fixed-bed and monolith photoreactors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第11期106卷 195-210页

作者： Muhammad tahir Beenish tahir Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical and Energy EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310UTM Johor BahruMalaysia Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department UAE UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al AinUnited Arab Emirates

Exfoliated 2D MAX Ti_(3) AlC_(2) conductive cocatalyst anchored with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) to construct 2D/0D/2D het-erojunction has been explored for enhanced CO_(2) photoreduction in a fixed-bed and monolith *** TiO_(2) particle sizes(NPs and MPs)were systematically investigated to determine effective metal-support interaction with faster charge carrier separation among the composite *** TiO_(2) NPs were anchored with 2D Ti_(3) AlC_(2) MAX structure,10.44 folds higher CH_(4) production was observed com-pared to anchoring TiO_(2) *** CH_(4) yield rate of 2103.5μmol g^(−1) h^(−1) achieved at selectivity 96.59%using ternary g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)/Ti_(3) AlC_(2)2D/0D/2D composite which is 2.73 and 7.45 folds higher than using binary g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3) AlC_(2) MAX and TiO_(2) NPs/Ti_(3)AlC_(2) samples,respectively.A step-scheme(S-scheme)photocatalytic mechanism operates in this composite,suppressed the recombination of useful electron and holes and provides higher reduction potential for efficient CO_(2) conversion to CO and CH_(4).More im-portantly,when light intensity was increased by 5 folds,CH_(4) production rate was increased by 3.59 folds under visible *** performance of composite catalyst was further investigated in a fixed-bed and monolith photoreactor and found monolithic support increased CO production by 2.64 folds,whereas,53.99 times lower CH_(4) production was *** lower photocatalytic activity in a monolith photore-actor was due to lower visible light penetration into the ***,2D MAX Ti_(3) AlC_(2) composite catalyst can be constructed for selective photocatalytic CO_(2) methanation under visible light in a fixed-bed photoreactor.

关键词： Photocatalytic CO_(2)methanation Exfoliated 2D MAX Ti_(3)AlC_(2) g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) Fixed-bed reactor,Monolith photoreactor Solar energy

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Room Temperature Synthesis of Vertically Aligned Amorphous Ultrathin NiCo-LDH Nanosheets Bifunctional Flexible Supercapacitor Electrodes

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 277-286页

作者： Kwadwo Asare Owusu Zhaoyang Wang Ali Saad Felix Ofori Boakye Muhammad Asim mushtaq Muhammad tahir Ghulam Yasin Dongqing Liu Zhengchun Peng Xingke Cai Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Physics and Optoelectronics Shenzhen University3688 Nanhai BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518060China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hubei Engineering UniversityNo.272 Traffic AvenueXiaogan 432000China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyNo.122 Luoshi RoadWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Green Printing CAS Research Centre for Excellence in Molecular ScienceInstitute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(ICCAS)Beijing 100190China College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen University3688 Nanhai BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518050China

Developing a simple scalable method to fabricate electrodes with high capacity and wide voltage range is desired for the real use of electrochemical ***,we synthesized amorphous NiCo-LDH nanosheets vertically aligned on activated carbon cloth substrate,which was in situ transformed from Co-metal-organic framework materials nano-columns by a simple ion exchange process at room *** to the amorphous and vertically aligned ultrathin structure of NiCo-LDH,the NiCo-LDH/activated carbon cloth composites present high areal capacities of 3770 and 1480 mF cm^(-2)as cathode and anode at 2 mA cm^(-2),and 79.5%and 80%capacity have been preserved at 50 mA cm^(-2).In the meantime,they all showed excellent cycling performance with negligible change after>10000 *** fabricating them into an asymmetric supercapacitor,the device achieves high energy densities(5.61 mWh cm^(-2)and 0.352 mW cm^(-3)).This work provides an innovative strategy for simplifying the design of supercapacitors as well as providing a new understanding of improving the rate capabilities/cycling stability of NiCo-LDH materials.

关键词： amorphous nanosheets aqueous supercapacitor high volumetric/areal energy density NiCo-LDH room temperature synthesis

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Source parameters and aftershock pattern of the October 7,2021,M5.9 Harnai earthquake,Pakistan

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Earthquake Science 2024年第4期37卷 304-323页

作者： Mohammad tahir Zeeshan Ahmad Sadia Sabahat Muhammad Naveed mushtaq Talat Iqbal Muhammad Ali Shah Alam Aftab Centre for Earthquake Studies National Centre for PhysicsIslamabad 44000Pakistan

On October 7,2021,a magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck the Harnai(Baluchistan)region of Pakistan,causing several fatalities and injuries within the epicentral ***-order tectonic deformation in this region is caused by the convergence of the Indian Plate with respect to the Eurasian *** Katwaz Block hinders the motion of the Indian Plate,resulting in the formation of strike-slip *** this study,the P-wave first-motion polarity technique was used to determine the mainshock faulting *** scanning of the polarity solutions was applied to determine the most suitable focal mechanism solution among the available solutions generated by the FOCMEC(focal mechanism)*** nodal planes correspond to different faulting styles(i.e.,thrust and strike-slip faulting).A nodal plane oriented in the NW-SE direction corresponded to a strike-slip mechanism,which was considered to be the fault ***,this earthquake was associated with the Harnai-Karahi strike-slip fault zone owing to the fault strike and direction of *** apparent stress drop,fault length,and moment magnitude of the Harnai earthquake were 35.4 bar,6.1 km,and 5.9,respectively.A lower b-value for the Gutenberg-Richter law was observed prior to the ***α-than b-values(α>b)indicate that this earthquake was governed by large events as opposed to small-magnitude *** Harnai sequence had a decay exponent close to unity,lasted for 145 days,and produced few *** study will help the future hazard mitigation in the region.

关键词： focal mechanism solution selection of fault plane FPFIT stress inversion oblique slip mechanism

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Calibration of local magnitude scale for Hindukush continental subduction zone

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Earthquake Science 2021年第2期34卷 114-122页

作者： Muhammad N.mushtaq Muhammd tahir Muhammd T.Iqbal Muhammd A.Shah Saleem Iqbal Talat Iqbal Center for Earthquake Studies Islamabad 46000Pakistan

Hindukush is an active subduction zone where at least one earthquake occurs on daily *** seismic hazard studies,it is important to develop a local magnitude scale using the data of local seismic *** have computed local magnitude scale for Hindukush earthquakes using data from local network belonging to Center for Earthquake Studies(CES)for a period of three years,i.e.2015–2017.A total of 26,365 seismic records pertaining to 2,683 earthquakes with magnitude 2.0 and greater,was used with hypocentral distance less than 600 *** scale developed by using this data comes to be M_(L)=logA+0.929logr+*** magnitude determined through formulated relation was compared with that of standard relation for Southern California and relation developed by the same authors for local network for Northern *** was observed that Hindukush region has high attenuation as compared to that of Southern California and Northern Punjab which implies that Hindukush is tectonically more disturbed as compared to the said regions,hence,seismically more active as *** have calculated station correction factors for our *** correction factors do not show any pattern which probably owes to the geological and tectonic complexity of this *** deviation and variance of magnitude residuals for CES network determined using Hutton and Boore scale and scale developed in this study were compared,it showed that a variance reduction of 44.1%was *** of magnitude residuals for different distance ranges was almost zero which showed that our magnitude scale was stable for all distances up to 600 *** developed magnitude scale will help in homogenization of earthquake *** has been observed that b-value of CES catalog decreases when magnitude is calculated by using newly developed magnitude scale.

关键词： local magnitude scale attenuation station correction factor hazard studies for Hindu Kush region

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Emergency Prioritized and Congestion Handling Protocol for Medical Internet of Things

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 733-749页

作者： Sabeen tahir Sheikh tahir Bakhsh Rayed AlGhamdi Information Technology Department Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia

Medical Internet of Things(MIoTs)is a collection of small and energyefficient wireless sensor devices that monitor the patient’s *** healthcare networks transmit continuous data monitoring for the patients to survive them *** are many improvements in MIoTs,but still,there are critical issues that might affect the Quality of Service(QoS)of a *** handling is one of the critical factors that directly affect the QoS of the *** congestion in MIoT can cause more energy consumption,delay,and important data *** a patient has an emergency,then the life-critical signals must transmit with minimum *** emergencies,the MIoTs have to monitor the patients continuously and transmit data(e.g.,ECG,BP,heart rate,etc.)with minimum ***,there is an efficient technique required that can transmit emergency data of high-risk patients to the medical staff on time with maximum *** main objective of this research is to monitor and transmit the patient’s real-time data efficiently and to prioritize the emergency *** this paper,Emergency Prioritized and Congestion Handling Protocol for Medical IoTs(EPCP_MIoT)is proposed that efficiently monitors the patients and overcome the congestion by enabling different monitoring *** the emergency data transmissions are prioritized and transmit at SIFS *** proposed technique is implemented and compared with the previous technique,the comparison results show that the proposed technique outperforms the previous techniques in terms of network throughput,end to end delay,energy consumption,and packet loss ratio.

关键词： Congestion control MIoTs emergency prioritization energy-efficient

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Liquid Phase Bonding of 316L Stainless Steel to AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第1期27卷 22-28页

作者： Waled Elthalabawy tahir Khan Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Calgary

The excellent corrosion resistance,formability and strength make stainless steels versatile for diverse ***,its high specific strength and good crashworthiness make it suitable for transportation and aerospace *** the other hand,the need to reduce the weight of vehicle and aerospace components has created renewed interest in the use of magnesium *** to their differences in physical and metallurgical properties,bonding of the 316L steel and AZ31 magnesium alloy using conventional fusion welding methods encountered many ***,the use of liquid phase forming interlayers is required to overcome the differences in their properties,eliminates the need for a high bonding pressure to achieve intimate contact between the bonded *** Cu and Ni interlayers successively formed a eutectic phase with *** formation of intermetallics and Mg diffusion caused the eutectic phase to isothermally solidify with increasing bonding *** formation of ternary intermetallic phases（λ1 and B2） impaired the bond shear strength particularly at the end of the isothermal solidification stage where no eutectic phase was ***,the joints showed a higher shear strength value of 57 MPa when bonding with Cu interlayer at 530℃ for 30 min compared to 32 MPa when Ni interlayer was used at 510℃ for 20 min.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Stainless steel Eutectic bonding Microstructure Shear strength

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