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Assessment of Genetic Variation Within Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) Germplasm Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第4期50卷 385-392页

作者： muhammad Ayub Khan Malik Ashiq Rabbani muhammad munir Saifullah Khan Ajmal muhammad Azim Malik Oilseed Research Program National Agricultural Research Center Park Road Islamabad 45500 Pakistan Institute of Agri-Biotechnology & Genetic Resources National Agricultural Research Center Park Road Islamabad 45500 Pakistan University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi Pakistan

Genetic diversity among 45 Indian mustard （Brassica juncea L.） genotypes comprising 37 germplasm collections, five advance breeding lines and three improved cultivars was investigated at the DNA level using the random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） technique. Fifteen primers used generated a total of 92 RAPD fragments, of which 81 （88%） were polymorphic. Of these, 13 were unique to accession ‘Pak85559＇. Each primer produced four to nine amplified products with an average of 6.13 bands per primer. Based on pairwise comparisons of RAPD amplification products, Nei and Li＇s similarity coefficients were calculated to evaluate the relationships among the accessions. Pairwise similarity indices were higher among the oilseed accessions and cultivars showing narrow ranges of 0.77-0.99. An unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages cluster analysis based on these genetic similarities placed most of the collections and oilseed cultivars close to each other, showing a low level of polymorphism between the accessions used. However, the clusters formed by oilseed collections and cultivars were comparatively distinct from that of advanced breeding lines. Genetically, all of the accessions were classified into a few major groups and a number of individual accessions. Advanced breeding lines were relatively divergent from the rest of the accessions and formed independent clusters. Clustering of the accessions did not show any pattern of association between the RAPD markers and the collection sites. A low level of genetic variability of oilseed mustard was attributed to the selection for similar traits and horticultural uses. Perhaps close parentage of these accessions further contributed towards their little diversity. The study demonstrated that RAPD is a simple and fast technique to compare the genetic relationship and pattern of variation among the gene pool of this crop.

关键词： Brassica juncea genetic diversity germplasm oilseed mustard Pakistan random amplified polymorphic DNA.

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Induction of innate immunity and its perturbation by influenza viruses

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Protein & Cell 2015年第10期6卷 712-721页

作者： Mohsan Ullah Goraya Song Wang muhammad munir Ji-Long Chen College of Animal Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China The Pirbright Institute Ash Road Pirbright Woking GU24 0NF UK CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Influenza A viruses （IAV） are highly contagious patho- gens causing dreadful losses to human and animal, around the globe. IAVs first interact with the host through epithelial cells, and the viral RNA containing a 5＇-triphosphate group is thought to be the critical trigger for activation of effective innate immunity via pattern recognition receptors-dependent signaling pathways. These induced immune responses establish the antiviral state of the host for effective suppression of viral replication and enhancing viral clearance. However, IAVs have evolved a variety of mechanisms by which they can invade host cells, circumvent the host immune responses, and use the machineries of host cells to synthesize and transport their own components, which help them to establish a successful infection and repli- cation. In this review, we will highlight the molecular mechanisms of how IAV infection stimulates the host innate immune system and strategies by which IAV evades host responses.

关键词： influenza A virus innate immunity immuneescape

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Distribution Network Planning Enhancement via Network Reconfiguration and DG Integration Using Dataset Approach and Water Cycle Algorithm

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第1期8卷 86-93页

作者： munir Azam muhammad Hazlie Mokhlis Kanendra Naidu Adil Amin John Fredy Franco Mohamadariff Othman Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Electrical Technology Section University Kuala LumpurBritish Malaysian InstituteBt.8Jalan Sungai Pusu53100 GombakSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Sao Paulo State University Campus of Rosana19274-000RosanaBrazil

The integration of network reconfiguration and distributed generation(DG)can enhance the performances of overall ***,proper sizing and siting of DG need to be determined,otherwise it will cause degradation in system ***,determining proper sizing and siting of DG together with network reconfiguration is a complex problem due to huge solution search *** search space mostly contains non-radial network *** these non-radial combinations during optimization process increases computational overhead and may end up at local optimal *** reduce the searching complexity,this paper considers the discretized network reconfiguration via dataset *** cycle algorithm(WCA)is used to obtain the near optimal solution of network reconfiguration,and sizing and sitting of *** addition,the power factor of DG is also optimized to reduce the power *** proposed method is tested on an IEEE 33-bus network and an IEEE 69-bus network considering different scenarios to show the effectiveness of simultaneous approach considering variable power *** results show that the discretization of reconfiguration search space avoids that WCA to get trapped in local *** proposed method outperforms other technique such as harmony search algorithm(HSA),fireworks algorithm(FWA),Cuckoo search algorithm(CSA)and uniform voltage distribution based constructive algorithm(UVDA)and improves the solution quality of IEEE 33-bus network and 69-bus network by 29.20%and 27.88%,respectively.

关键词： Reactive power injection sizing and siting of distributed generation(DG) dataset approach active distribution network power system

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Optimized Gated Recurrent Unit for Mid-Term Electricity Price Forecasting

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第11期43卷 817-832页

作者： Rashed Iqbal Hazlie Mokhlis Anis Salwa Mohd Khairuddin Syafiqah Ismail munir Azam muhammad Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaya50603Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering Main CampusIqra UniversityKarachi75300Pakistan

Electricity price forecasting(EPF)is important for energy system operations and management which include strategic bidding,generation scheduling,optimum storage reserves scheduling and systems ***,accurate EPF is crucial for the purpose of bidding strategies and minimizing the risk for market participants in the competitive electricity ***,accurate time-series prediction of electricity price is very challenging due to complex nonlinearity in the trend of electricity *** work proposes a mid-term forecasting model based on the demand and price data,renewable and non-renewable energy supplies,the seasonality and peak and off-peak hours of working and nonworking *** optimized Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)which incorporates Bagged Regression Tree(BTE)is developed in the Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)architecture for the mid-term *** layer is employed to optimize the hyperparameters of the heterogeneous GRU with the aim to improve the model’s performance,error reduction and predict the *** this work,the proposed framework is assessed using electricity market data of five major economical states in Australia by using electricity market data from August 2020 to May *** results showed significant improvement when adopting the proposed prediction framework compared to previous works in forecasting the electricity price.

关键词： Deep learning energy management machine learning prediction

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Pathogenicity of bacterium, Xenorhabdus nematophila isolated from entomopathogenic nematode (Steinernema carpocapsae) and its secretion against Galleria mellonella larvae

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第6期6卷 457-463页

作者： MAHAR Ali Nawaz munir muhammad ELAWAD Sami GOWEN Simon Richard HAGUE Nigel Graham Meckenzi Department of Agriculture University of Reading Reading RG6 6AT UKSchool of Plant Sciences University of Reading Reading RG6 6AS UKDepartment of Agriculture University of Reading Reading RG6 6AT UKDepartment of Agriculture University of Reading Reading RG6 6AT UKDepartment of Agriculture University of Reading Reading RG6 6AT UK

The entomopathogenic bacterium, Xenorhabdus nematophila was isolated from the hemolymph of Galleria mel- lonella infected with Steinernema carpocapsae. The bacterial cells and its metabolic secretions have been found lethal to the Galleria larvae. Toxic secretion in broth caused 95% mortality within 4 d of application whereas the bacterial cells caused 93% mortality after 6 d. When filter and sand substrates were compared, the later one was observed as appropriate. Similarly, bacterial cells and secretion in broth were more effective at 14% moisture and 25 °C temperature treatments. Maximum insect mortality (100%) was observed when bacterial concentration of 4×106 cells/ml was used. Similarly, maximum bacterial cells in broth (95%) were penetrated into the insect body within 2 h of their application. However, when stored bacterial toxic secretion was applied to the insects its efficacy declined. On the other hand, when the same toxic secretion was dried and then dissolved either in broth or water was proved to be effective. The present study showed that the bacterium, X. nematophila or its toxic secretion can be used as an important component of integrated pest management against Galleria.

关键词： Biological control Bacterial symbionts Entomopathogenic nematodes Xenorhabdus nematophila Galleria mellonella

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Impact of light intensity on flowering time and plant quality of Antirrhinum majus L. cultivar Chimes White

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2004年第4期 30-35页

作者： munir muhammad,JAMIL muhammad,BALOCH Jalal-ud-din,KHATTAK Khalid Rehman Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University D.I.Khan Pakistan Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University D.I.Khan Pakistan Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University D.I.Khan Pakistan Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University D.I.Khan Pakistan

Shades of different light intensities (29%, 43%, 54%, 60% or 68%) along with control (no shade) were studied to observe their effects on the flowering time and plant quality. A hyperbolic relationship was observed between different light intensities under shade, and time to flowering. The total number of flower buds showed a curvilinear relationship with light intensities. Growth parameters related to the plant characteristics such as plant height, leaf area and plant fresh weight were improved under shading treatments at the expense of flowering time and number of flower buds. However, both linear and polynomial models applied assumed that cultivar Chimes White was equally sensitive to light intensity throughout development.

关键词： Antirrhinum majus L. Snapdragon Growth and development Flowering Light intensity.

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A Novel Approach to Energy Optimization:Efficient Path Selection in Wireless Sensor Networks with Hybrid ANN

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2945-2970页

作者： muhammad Salman Qamar Ihsan ulHaq Amil Daraz Atif MAlamri Salman A.AlQahtani muhammad Fahad munir Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan School of Information Science and Engineering NingboTech UniversityNingbo315100China Software Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11495Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11495Saudi Arabia

In pursuit of enhancing the Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)energy efficiency and operational lifespan,this paper delves into the domain of energy-efficient routing ***,the limited energy resources of Sensor Nodes(SNs)are a big challenge for ensuring their efficient and reliable *** data gathering involves the utilization of a mobile sink(MS)to mitigate the energy consumption problem through periodic network *** mobile sink(MS)strategy minimizes energy consumption and latency by visiting the fewest nodes or predetermined locations called rendezvous points(RPs)instead of all cluster heads(CHs).CHs subsequently transmit packets to neighboring *** unique determination of this study is the shortest path to reach *** the mobile sink(MS)concept has emerged as a promising solution to the energy consumption problem in WSNs,caused by multi-hop data collection with static *** this study,we proposed two novel hybrid algorithms,namely“ Reduced k-means based on Artificial Neural Network”(RkM-ANN)and“Delay Bound Reduced kmeans with ANN”(DBRkM-ANN)for designing a fast,efficient,and most proficient MS path depending upon rendezvous points(RPs).The first algorithm optimizes the MS’s latency,while the second considers the designing of delay-bound paths,also defined as the number of paths with delay over bound for the *** methods use a weight function and k-means clustering to choose RPs in a way that maximizes efficiency and guarantees network-wide *** addition,a method of using MS scheduling for efficient data collection is *** simulations and comparisons to several existing algorithms have shown the effectiveness of the suggested methodologies over a wide range of performance indicators.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) mobile sink(MS) rendezvous point(RP) machine learning Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs)

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Measuring Effectiveness of COCOMO I and COCOMO II Using a Case Study

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Computer Technology and Application 2012年第10期3卷 692-698页

作者： muhammad munir Albakri Mohammad Rizwan Jameel Qureshi Department of lnformation Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King A bdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia

There are several software estimation models such as Line of Code, Function Point and COnstructive COst MOdel （COCOMO）. The original COCOMO model is one of the most widely practiced and popular among the software development community because of its flexible usage. It is a suite of models i.e., COnstructive Cost MOdel I and COnstructive Cost MOdel II. in this paper, we are evaluating the both models, to find out the level of efficiency they present and how they can be tailored to the needs of modem software development projects. We are applying COCOMO models on a case study of an e-commerce application that is built using Hyper Text Markup Language （HTML） and JavaScript. We will also shed light on the different components of each model, and how their Cost Drivers effect on the accuracy of cost estimations for software development projects.

关键词： COCOMO I COCOMO II software cost estimation software cost drivers' assessment trade-off analysis componentcomposition.

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Circulating tumor DNA and its role in detection, prognosis and therapeutics of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第2期36卷 195-214页

作者： Sana Rashid Yingchuan Sun Umair Ali Khan Saddozai Sikandar Hayyat muhammad Usman munir muhammad Usman Akbar muhammad Babar Khawar Zhiguang Ren Xinying Ji Malik Ihsan Ullah Khan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of LahoreLahore 54590Pakistan Department of Internal Oncology(Section Ⅰ) Xuchang Municipal Central HospitalXuchang 461000China Institute of Translational Medicine Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001China Australian Institute for Bioengineering&Nanotechnology the University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Gomal UniversityDera Ismail Khan 29111Pakistan Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab Department of ZoologyUniversity of NarowalNarowal Punjab 51600Pakistan Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory for Infection and Biosafety Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects Shu-Qing Medical College of ZhengzhouZhengzhou 450064China Department of Medicine Huaxian County People's HospitalHuaxian 456400China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is considered the fifth most prevalent cancer among all types of cancers and has the third most morbidity value. It has the most frequent duplication time and a high recurrence rate. Recently, the most unique technique used is liquid biopsies, which carry many markers;the most prominent is circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA). Varied methods are used to investigate ctDNA, including various forms of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) [emulsion PCR(ePCR), digital PCR(dPCR), and bead, emulsion, amplification, magnetic(BEAMing) PCR]. Hence ctDNA is being recognized as a potential biomarker that permits early cancer detection,treatment monitoring, and predictive data on tumor burden are subjective to therapy or surgery. Numerous ctDNA biomarkers have been investigated based on their alterations such as 1) single nucleotide variations(either insertion or deletion of a nucleotide) markers including TP53, KRAS, and CCND1;2) copy number variations which include markers such as CDK6, EFGR, MYC and BRAF;3) DNA methylation(RASSF1A, SEPT9, KMT2C and CCNA2);4) homozygous mutation includes ctDNA markers as CDKN2A, AXIN1;and 5) gain or loss of function of the genes, particularly for HCC. Various researchers have conducted many studies and gotten fruitful ***, there are some drawbacks to ctDNA namely low quantity, fragment heterogeneity, less stability, limited mutant copies and standards, and differential sensitivity. However, plenty of investigations demonstrate ctDNA's significance as a polyvalent biomarker for cancer and can be viewed as a future diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic agent. This article overviews many conditions in genetic changes linked to the onset and development of HCC, such as dysregulated signaling pathways, somatic mutations, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and genomic instability. Additionally, efforts are also made to develop treatments for HCC that are molecularly targeted and to unravel some of the genetic pathways that f

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma circulating tumor DNA biomarkers single nucleotide variations diagnosis prognosis

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Sleep quality and characteristics of older adults with acute cardiovascular disease

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第3期21卷 369-373页

作者： Haroon munir Michael Goldfarb Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences McGill UniversityMontrealCanada Division of Cardiology Jewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada

Sleep plays a vital role in restoring the physical and mental health of people with cardiovascular ***,the hospital setting is not a conducive environment for *** interruptions by members of the care team,including vital sign checks,medication delivery,and blood draws for laboratory investigations,are routinely done in many *** interruptions by staff and noise by other patients have been cited as barriers to restorative sleep in the hospital.

关键词： Sleep routine characteristics

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