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Does forest restoration influence soil infiltrability? A case study in the restored woodland of Sierra de ávila(Central Spain)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第7期18卷 1778-1793页

作者： mongil-manso jorge NAVARRO-HEVIA Joaquín SAN MARTÍN Roberto Hydrology and Conservation Research Group Catholic University“Santa Teresa de Jesús”ofÁvilaÁvila 05005Spain Forest Water and Soil Research GroupPalencia 34004Spain Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering University of ValladolidPalencia 34004Spain Department of Statistics and Operations Research University of ValladolidPalencia 34004Spain

Infiltration,as a major component of the hydrological cycle,plays an important role in ecosystems,river flooding,and soil ***,this process has been studied on different soils,with different vegetation cover,and under different climate ***,it is still necessary to know how infiltration rates depend on land degradation,vegetation cover,forest management,and forest restoration,since soil infiltration is related to soil hydrological function and hydrological ecosystem *** aim of our study is to analyze the way reforestation and check dam construction have helped to improve soil infiltration rates in comparison with old,degraded land,different soils and vegetation covers in Central ***,three infiltration tests were carried out by means of a simple methacrylate infiltrometer ring,in four sampling plots,for five types of land use:(i) native holm oak forest,(ii) 60-year-old reforested pine wood,(iii) shrubs,(iv) sediment wedges of check dams,and(v) gullies and degraded *** results show much higher infiltration rates in the soil of 60-yearold pine reforestation sites(1198.00 mm·h^(-1)),and in the sediment wedges of check dams(1088.00 mm·h^(-1)),than in those of degraded hillslopes(365.00 mm·h^(-1)) and shrubland(420.80 mm·h^(-1)).The rates were also shown to be close to those from the remaining patches of native holm oak woodland(770.40 mm·h^(-1)).We also found that organic matter,humus and litter depth,and height of vegetation and cover,all improve soil infiltration rates,while slope degree,presence of coarse elements,stoniness,clay content,bulk density,and electric conductivity inhibit the *** was additionally seen that pine reforestation and check dam construction caused degraded land to recover its hydrological conditions to a level that is quite close to that of the ancient oak holm native forest,alongside ameliorating the hydrological cycle in the *** information will be very useful for decisi

关键词： Soil hydrology Permeability Runoff Reforestation Land restoration

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Evaluating methods to quantify sediment volumes trapped behind check dams,Saldana badlands(Spain)

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第1期32卷 1-11页

作者： Iván Ramos-Diez Joaquín Navarro-Hevia Roberto San Martín Fernández Virginia Díaz-Gutiérrez jorge mongil-manso Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering University of Valladolid Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute Department of Statistics and Operations Research.University of Valladolid Hydrology and Conservation Research Group.Catholic University of vila

The determination of sediment yield in catchments based on the sediment trapped by check dams is becoming a subject of *** fact,several methods have been developed in recent years to estimate the sediment retained by check *** complexity,precision and accuracy of each method vary *** this study,we evaluate the sediment trapped by check dams comparing the Sections method respect to the Prism,Pyramid,DTMs and Trapezoid *** analyzed a sample of 25 check dams(α-1=90%;ε=10%) in the Saldana badlands(Spain).The results showed that the Sections method offered a volume of retained sediment between the others,which gave an absolute variation from 22%to40%.The high variability of the check dam and sediment wedge sizes made necessary to compare methods in groups combining both *** significant differences in sediment volumes could be found between the methods for very small(height(h):1.8-2.3 m;trapped volume(V):6-102 m3) or large check dams(h > 2.3 m;V:165-387 m3),while significant differences are found for small(h < 1.5 m;V:1-229 m3) or middle-sized check dams(h:2.2-3.2 m;V:65-235 m3).Nevertheless,volume differences between groups ranged up to + 25%.For these reason,the size of the check dam,the shape of the sediment wedge and the accuracy of the measure methods must considered when selecting an appropriate method to obtain the volume of retained sediment by check dams.A correct estimation of the sediment retention is needed to evaluate the role and efficiency of check dams in restoration projects or to estimate sediment yields.

关键词： Erosion Gullies Check dam construction Sediment retention Erosion models Topographic survey

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Microstructural and photocatalytic characterization of cement-paste sol-gel synthesized titanium dioxide

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 189-197页

作者： Elena CERRO-PRADA Miguel manso Vicente TORRES Jesfs SORIANO Civil Engineering Department Universidad Politecnica de Madrid Alfonso XII 3 Madrid 28014 Spain Applied Physics Department Universidad Aut6noma de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain Laboratory of Materials CEDEX Ministerio de Fomento de Espana Alfonso XIL Madrid 28014 Spain

ABSTRACT A routte for the in paste synthesis of TiO2 loaded cement is described. TiO2 sols are blended with fresh cement paste as an alternative process to add photocatalytic functionality to cement. The modification of cement paste structure after the addition ofTiO2 sols is analyzed by XRD, SEM and TGA. As a particular microstructural feature, TiO2 containing calcium silicate hydrate （C-H-S） particles are identified as networking centers ofa C-S-H gel fiber matrix. The increase of the TiO2 sol concentration induces a decrease of pore size and an increase in the specific surface area in the cement composites. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2/cement system is evaluated from the degradation of Methylene Blue （MB） under UV irradiation, monitored through the absorbance at 665 nm. The results show that, although TiO2 phases reveal no long range order structure, the cement paste exothermal treatment in presence of hydrate products and alkaline conditions leads to a photocatalytic composite. Such new cement matrix may be twofold advantageous since it additionally promotes the formation of C-S-H gel, main determinant of cement mechanical properties.

关键词： cement composites photocatalytic TiO2 sol-gel C-S-H gel microstructure

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Glutamine and glutamate supplementation raise milk glutamine concentrations in lactating gilts

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2012年第1期3卷 25-31页

作者： Helena Emilia CCC manso Helio C manso Filho Luiz E de Carvalho Marianne Kutschenko Eduardo T Nogueira Malcolm Watford Department of Animal Sciences Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePE52171-900Brazil Departament of Animal Sciences Federal University of CearáFortalezaCE60020-181Brazil Ajinomoto do Brazil S oPauloSP04015-001Brazil Department of Nutritional Sciences Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ08901USA.

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in milk, and lactation is associated with increased glutamine utilization both for milk synthesis and as a fuel for the enlarged small intestine. A number of recent studies have indicated that lactation is accompanied by a mild catabolic state in which skeletal muscle proteins are degraded to provide amino acids that are used to synthesize additional glutamine. In this study we tested the hypothesis that supplemental L-glutamine or the commercially available glutamine supplement Aminogut （2.5% by weight mixed into daily feed） provided to gilts from 30 days prior to parturition until 21 days post-parturition would prevent a decrease in skeletal muscle glutamine while increasing the glutamine content of the milk. Muscle glutamine content decreased （P 〈 0.05） in control animals during lactation but this was prevented by supplementation with either L-glutamine or Aminogut. In this study, neither lactation nor supplementation had any effect on plasma glutamine or glutamate content. Free glutamine, and the total glutamine plus glutamate concentrations in milk from the control and the Aminogut group rose （P 〈 0.05） during the first 7 days of lactation, with milk concentrations in the L-glutamine supplemented group showing a similar trend （P = 0.053）. Milk glutamate remained constant between day 7 and 21 of lactation in the control and L-glutamine supplemented groups, but by day 21 of lactation the free glutamine, glutamate, and glutamine plus glutamate concentrations in milk from Aminogut-treated gilts were higher than those of control gilts. Thus dietary glutamine supplementation can alleviate the fall in intramuscular glutamine content during lactation in gilts, and may alleviate some of the catabolic effects of lactation. Furthermore, the increased milk glutamine content in the supplemented gilts may provide optimum nutrition for piglet development.

关键词： glutamate glutamine lactation milk pig skeletal muscle

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HEART RATE VARIABILITY DURING HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2013年第1期26卷 104-116页

作者： SARMIENTO Samuel GARCIA-manso Juan Manuel MARTIN-GONZALEZ Juan Manuel VA-AMONDE Diana CALDERóN Javier DA SILVA-GRIGOLETTO Marzo Edir Department of Physical Education University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain. Physics Department University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain. Department of Morphological Sciences School of Medicine University of Cdrdoba Spain. Physical Activity Sciences Faculty Polytechnic University of Madrid Spain. Andalusian Centre of Sports Medicine Cdrdoba Spain.

The aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the behaviour of heart rate variability(HRV)during constant-load,high-intensity exercise using a time frequency analysis(Wavelet Transform).Eleven elite cyclists took part in the study(age:18.6±3.0 years;VO_(2max):4.88±0.61 litres·min^(-1)).Initially,all subjects performed an incremental cycloergometer test to determine load power in a constant load-test(379.55±36.02 W;89.0%).HRV declined dramatically from the start of testing(p<0.05).The behaviour of power spectral density within the LF band mirrored that of total energy,recording a significant decrease from the outset LF peaks fell rapidly thereafter,remaining stable until the end of the ***-VHF fell sharply in the first 20 to 30 *** relative weighting(%) of HF-VHF was inverted with the onset of fatigue,[1.6%at the start,7.1(p<0.05) at the end of the first phase,and 43.1%(p<0.05) at the end of the test].HF-VHF_(peak) displayed three phases:a moderate initial increase,followed by a slight fall,thereafter increasing to the end of the *** LF/HF-VHF ratio increased at the start,later falling progressively until the end of the first phase and remaining around minimal values until the end of the test.

关键词： Cycling heart rate variability wavelet.

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N-acetylcysteine in acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2010年第1期1卷 21-26页

作者： Laura Ramudo Manuel A manso Department of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Salamanca

Premature trypsinogen activation and production of oxygen free radicals (OFR) are early pathogenic events which occur within acinar cells and trigger acute pancreatitis (AP). OFR exert their harmful effects on various cell components causing lipid peroxidation, disturbances in calcium homeostasis and DNA damage, which lead to increased cell injury and eventually cell death. This review presents the most recent data concerning the effects of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), in the treatment of AP. NAC is an antioxidant capable of restoring the levels of Glutathione, the most important cellular antioxidant. Studies show the benef icial effects of NAC treatment in preventing OFR production and therefore attenuating oxidative damage. Additionally, NAC treatment has been shown to prevent the increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and reduce the accumulation of enzymes in acinar cells during AP. The prevention, by NAC, of these pathological events occurring within acinar would contribute to reducing the severity of AP. NAC is also capable of reducing the activation of transcription factors especially sensitive to the cellular redox state, such as Nuclear factor-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 and mitogenactivated protein kinase. This leads to a down-regulation of cytokines, adhesion molecules and chemokine expression in various cell types during AP. These f indingspoint to NAC as a powerful therapeutic treatment, attenuating oxidative-stress-induced cell injury and other pathological events at early stages of AP, and potentially contributing to reducion in the severity of disease.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Calcium homeostasis Cell cycle Glutathione Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 N-acetylcysteine Oxygen free radicals Transcription factors

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Pre-fire aboveground biomass, estimated from LiDAR, spectral and field inventory data, as a major driver of burn severity in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) ecosystems

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 234-246页

作者： Jose Manuel Fernandez-Guisuraga Susana Suarez-Seoane Paulo MFernandes Victor Fernandez-Garcia Alfonso Fernandez-manso Carmen Quintano Leonor Calvo Area of Ecology Department of Biodiversity and Environmental ManagementFaculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Leon24071LeonSpain Centro de Investigacao e de Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biologicas Universidade de Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro5000-801Vila RealPortugal Department of Organisms and Systems Biology(Ecology Unit)and Research Unit of Biodiversity(IMIB UO-CSIC-PA)University of OviedoOviedoMieresSpain Agrarian Science and Engineering Department School of Agricultural and Forestry EngineeringUniversity of Leon24400PonferradaSpain Electronic Technology Department School of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Valladolid47011ValladolidSpain Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute University of Valladolid-Spanish National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology(INIA)34004PalenciaSpain

Background:The characterization of surface and canopy fuel loadings in fire-prone pine ecosystems is critical for understanding fire behavior and anticipating the most harmful ecological effects of ***,the joint consideration of both overstory and understory strata in burn severity assessments is often *** aim of this work was to assess the role of total,overstory and understory pre-fire aboveground biomass(AGB),estimated by means of airborne Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)and Landsat data,as drivers of burn severity in a megafire occurred in a pine ecosystem dominated by Pinus pinaster *** the western Mediterranean ***:Total and overstory AGB were more accurately estimated(R^(2) equal to 0.72 and 0.68,respectively)from LiDAR and spectral data than understory AGB(R^(2)=0.26).Density and height percentile LiDAR metrics for several strata were found to be important predictors of *** severity responded markedly and non-linearly to total(R^(2)=0.60)and overstory(R ^(2)=0.53)AGB,whereas the relationship with understory AGB was weaker(R ^(2)=0.21).Nevertheless,the overstory plus understory AGB contribution led to the highest ability to predict burn severity(RMSE=122.46 in dNBR scale),instead of the joint consideration as total AGB(RMSE=158.41).Conclusions:This study novelty evaluated the potential of pre-fire AGB,as a vegetation biophysical property derived from LiDAR,spectral and field plot inventory data,for predicting burn severity,separating the contri-bution of the fuel loads in the understory and overstory strata in Pinus pinaster *** evidenced relationships between burn severity and pre-fire AGB distribution in Pinus pinaster stands would allow the implementation of threshold criteria to support decision making in fuel treatments designed to minimize crown fire hazard.

关键词： Aboveground biomass Burn severity Landsat LiDAR Pinus pinaster

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BASKETBALL SCORING IN NBA GAMES:AN EXAMPLE OF COMPLEXITY

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2013年第1期26卷 94-103页

作者： DE SA GUERRA Yves MARTíN GONZALEZ Juan Manuel SARMIENTO MONTESDEOCA Samuel RODRIGUEZ RUIZ David ARJONILLA LóPEZ Nieves GARCíA-manso Juan Manuel Departament of Phisical Education University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Departament of Physics University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Scoring in a basketball game is a highly dynamic, non-linear process. NBA teams try to be more and more competitive each season. For instance, they incorporate into their rosters the best players in the world. This and other mechanisms concur to make the scoring process in NBA games exciting and rarely predictable. This paper is to study the behavior of timing and scoring in basketball gaines. The authors analyze all the games in five NBA regular seasons （2005-06, 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09, 2009-10）, for a total of 6150 games. Scoring does not behave uniformly; therefore, the authors also analyze the distributions of the differences in points in the basketball games. To further analyze the behavior of the tail of the distribution, the authors also carry out a semilog-plot and a log-log plot to verify whether this trend approaches a Poisson distribution or a PL. This paper reveals different areas of behavior related to the score, with specific instances of time that could be considered tipping points of the game. The presence of these critical points suggests that there are phase transitions where the dynamic scoring of the games varies significantly.

关键词： Complexity NBA non-linear Poisson power law.

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磁控溅射沉积高反射紫外氮化物分布式布拉格反射镜研究

磁控溅射沉积高反射紫外氮化物分布式布拉格反射镜研究

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作者： Frimpong-manso Ellen Serwaa 中南大学

学位级别：硕士

基于氮化物材料的谐振腔发光二极管(RCLED)和垂直表面发射腔激光器(VCSEL)引起了研究人员的兴趣。分布式布拉格反射镜(Distributed Bragg Reflector,DBR)是器件重要部分,不仅能够提供尽可能高的反射率,而且还可以将电流、限制电流传导... 详细信息

基于氮化物材料的谐振腔发光二极管(RCLED)和垂直表面发射腔激光器(VCSEL)引起了研究人员的兴趣。分布式布拉格反射镜(Distributed Bragg Reflector,DBR)是器件重要部分,不仅能够提供尽可能高的反射率,而且还可以将电流、限制电流传导到增益区域。因此,DBR的精确建模和仿真对于VCSEL和其他光电器件的制造具有重要意义。虽然DBR广泛用于可见光和近红外光电子学,但它们在紫外(Ultraviolet,UV)光电器件中的应用较少。主要是由于合适宽带隙氮化物材料传统金属有机化学气相沉积(MOCVD)生长困难,以及光吸收在深紫外波段的显著增加。氮化物紫外DBR的设计和制造,对于氮化物紫外光电器件具有重要意义。针对传统DBR制造过程中遇到的问题,本论文致力于在UV A、B和C的AlN/Al1-xnxN DBR的设计、制造和表征。本论文主要工作和创新点如下:1)从禁带宽度、截止波长和临界厚度等方面对磁控溅射AlN/Al1-xInxN基DBR进行理论分析和设计。采用FDTD方法设计DBR结构,分析不同结构参数对其反射光谱的影响,研究其制备工艺。模拟证实了基于氮化铝的材料在UV范围内实现高反射DBR的潜力。2)采用磁控溅射方法制备AlN和Al1-xInxN单层,并对其光学、结构和形态特性进行表征。椭圆光度测量用于确定光学常数(折射率n和消光系数k,取决于层的波长)。通过X射线光电子能谱分析研究了 AlN/Al1-xInxN薄膜的铟含量。为AlN/Al1-xInxN DBR制备奠定一定基础。3)通过射频(RF)磁控溅射在Si(111)和SiO2衬底上制造了在紫外波段具有高反射率的AlN/Al1-xInxN DBR。DBR由8对AlN/Al0.84In0.16N 组成,在 235 nm、290 nm 和 365 nm 为代表的 UVA、B和C波段反射率为86.5%、97.7%和97.5%,反射平带宽分别为45 nm、70 nm 和 96 nm,RMS 为 2.95 nm。本文磁控溅射沉积高反射紫外AlN/Al1-xInxN DBR研究,将有可能用于氮化物紫外器件。图53幅,表7个,参考文献100篇

关键词：紫外反射镜氮化铝分布式布拉格反射镜磁控溅射

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Economic Bankruptcy of the Industries in Mato Grosso,Brazil

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Chinese Business Review 2020年第2期19卷 55-71页

作者： Dilamar Dallemole Jose Ramos Pires manso Katiane Toldi Federal University of Mato Grosso CuiabaBrazil University of Beira Interior CovilhaPortugal Federation of the Industries of Mato Grosso CuiabaBrazil

Data from the Commercial Registry of the Mato Grosso State(JUCEMAT)indicate that the number of bankrupted industries exceeded 16 thousand between 2006 and *** is a high number,to the point of questioning which particularities are related with the economic bankruptcy in the *** objective of this study is precisely to analyse the profile of these industries that closed their activities in Mato Grosso,considering the estimated survival rate for the extraction and transformation ***,based on the underlying indicators of factor analysis,the crucial factors for the economic bankruptcy of micro and small enterprises in the state are *** main results point to the generalized consequences arising from the main economic crises,with more aggressive effects for the microenterprises of sand,gravel,and cobble *** problems included also the food and logging industries,the main activities of the local economy,with more pronounced impacts in the South,Southeast,North and Central-North regions of Mato *** survival rate declined considerably between 2006 and 2008 and,despite recovery in the following period,it has not yet recovered its best *** the case of micro and small transformation industries,the results point to a group with limited managerial capacity and lack of strategic planning before the execution of the main stages of production and commercialization.

关键词： economic bankruptcy survival rate factor analysis extraction and transformation industries Mato Grosso

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