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Effects of Reclamation on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen in Coastal Wetlands of Liaohe River Delta,China

Chinese Geographical Science 2018年第3期28卷 443-455页

作者： WAN Siang mou xiaojie LIU Xingtu Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences

To evaluate the influence of wetland reclamation on vertical distribution of carbon and nitrogen in coastal wetland soils, we measured the soil organic carbon(SOC), soil total nitrogen(STN) and selected soil properties at five sampling plots(reed marsh, paddy field, corn field, forest land and oil-polluted wetland) in the Liaohe River estuary in September 2013. The results showed that reclamation significantly changed the contents of SOC and STN in the Liaohe River estuary(P corn field > paddy field > forest land > reed marsh, with mean values of 52.17, 13.14, 11.46, 6.44 and 6.16 g/kg, respectively. STN followed a similar order as SOC, with mean values of 1351.14, 741.04, 632.32, 496.17 and 390.90 mg/kg, respectively. Interaction of reclamation types and soil depth had significant effects on SOC and STN, while soil depth had significant effects on SOC, but not on STN. The contents of SOC and STN were negatively correlated with pH and redox potential(Eh) in reed marsh and corn field, while the SOC and STN in paddy field had positive correlations with electrical conductivity(EC). Dissolved organic carbon(DOC), ammonium nitrogen(NH_4^+-N) and nitrate nitrogen(NO_3~–-N) were also significantly changed by human activities. NH_4^+-N and NO_3~–-N increased to different degrees, and forest land had the highest NO_3~–-N concentration and lowest DOC concentration, which could have been caused by differences in soil aeration and fertilization. Overall, the results indicate that reed harvest increased soil carbon and nitrogen release in the Liaohe River Estuary, while oil pollution significantly increased the SOC and STN; however, these cannot be used as indicators of soil fertility and quality because of the serious oil pollution.

关键词：土壤碳沼泽地开垦沿海三角洲氮中国氧化还原作用

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Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations and Stoichiometries Across a Chronosequence of Restored Inland Soda Saline-Alkali Wetlands, Western Songnen Plain, Northeast China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第5期30卷 934-946页

作者： YANG Yanli mou xiaojie WEN Bolong LIU Xingtu Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of Sci-encesChangchun 130102China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejjing 100049China

Soil carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) concentrations and stoichiometries can be used to evaluate the success indicators to the effects of wetland restoration and reflect ecosystem function. Restoration of inland soda saline-alkali wetlands is widespread, however, the soil nutrition changes that follow restoration are unclear. We quantified the recovery trajectories of soil physicochemical properties, including soil organic carbon(SOC), total nitrogen(TN), and total phosphorus(TP) pools, for a chronosequence of three restored wetlands(7 yr, 12 yr and 21 yr) and compared these properties to those of degraded and natural wetlands in the western Songnen Plain, Northeast China. Wetland degradation lead to the loss of soil nutrients. Relative to natural wetlands, the mean reductions of in SOC, TN, and TP concentrations were 89.6%, 65.5% and 52.5%, respectively. Nutrients recovered as years passed after restoration. The SOC, TN, and TP concentrations increased by 2.36 times, 1.15 times, and 0.83 times, respectively in degraded wetlands that had been restored for 21 yr, but remained 29.2%, 17.3%, and 12.8% lower, respectively, than those in natural wetlands. The soil C∶N(RC N), C∶P(R CP), and N∶P(R NP) ratios increased from 5.92 to 8.81, 45.36 to 79.19, and 7.67 to 8.71, respectively in the wetland that had been restored for 12 yr. These results were similar to those from the natural wetland and the wetland that had been restored for 21 yr(P > 0.05). Soil nutrients changes occurred mainly in the upper layers(≤ 30 cm), and no significant differences were found in deeper soils(> 30 cm). Based on this, we inferred that it would take at least 34 yr for SOC, TN, and TP concentrations and 12 yr for RC N, R CP, and RN P in the top soils of degraded wetlands to recover to levels of natural wetlands. Soil salinity negatively influenced SOC(r =-0.704, P < 0.01), TN(r =-0.722, P < 0.01), and TP(r =-0.882, P < 0.01) concentrations during wetland restoration, which indicates that reducing salinity is beneficial to SOC, TN, an

关键词： inland soda saline-alkali wetland wetland degradation and restoration soil nutrients ecological stoichiometry Phragmites australis

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Comparison of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sulfur in Coastal Wetlands Dominated by Native and Invasive Plants in the Yancheng National Nature Reserve, China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第2期30卷 202-216页

作者： WAN Siang LIU Xingtu mou xiaojie ZHAO Yongqiang Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Administration of Yancheng National Natural Reserve Yancheng 224002China

The rapid invasion of the plant Spartina alterniflora in coastal wetland areas can threaten the capacity of their soils to store carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and sulfur(S).In this study,we investigated the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of C,N and S of both soil and(native and invasive)plants in four typical coastal wetlands in the core area of the Yancheng National Nature Reserve,China.The results show that the invasive S.alterniflora greatly influenced soil properties and increased soil C,N and S storage capacity:the stock(mean±standard error)of soil organic carbon(SOC,(3.56±0.36)kg/m^3),total nitrogen(TN,(0.43±0.02)kg/m^3),and total sulfur(TS,(0.69±0.11)kg/m^3)in the S.alterniflora marsh exceeded those in the adjacent bare mudflat,Suaeda salsa marsh,and Phragmites australis marsh.Because of its greater biomass,plant C((1193.7±133.6)g/m^2),N((18.8±2.4)g/m^2),and S((9.4±1.5)g/m^2)storage of S.alterniflora was also larger than those of co-occurring native plants.More biogenic elements circulated in the soil-plant system of the S.alterniflora marsh,and their spatial and temporal distribution patterns were also changed by the S.alterniflora invasion.Soil properties changed by S.alterniflora’s invasion thereby indirectly affected the accumulation of soil C,N and S in this wetland ecosystem.The SOC,TN,and TS contents were positively correlated with soil electrical conductivity and moisture,but negatively correlated with the pH and bulk density of soil.Together,these results indicate that S.alterniflora invasion altered ecosystem processes,resulted in changes in net primary production and litter decomposition,and increased the soil C,N and S storage capacity in the invaded ecosystems in comparison to those with native tallgrass communities in the coastal wetlands of East China.

关键词： coastal wetland plant invasion Spartina alterniflora soil carbon soil nitrogen soil sulfur

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Responses of CH_4 Emissions to Nitrogen Addition and Spartina alterniflora Invasion in Minjiang River Estuary, Southeast of China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2014年第5期24卷 562-574页

作者： mou xiaojie LIU Xingtu TONG Chuan SUN Zhigao Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre of Wetlands in Sub-tropical Regions Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University Key laboratory of Coastal Environment Processes Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

The nitrogen(N) input and Spartina alterniflora invasion in the tidal marsh of the southeast of China are increasingly serious. To evaluate CH4 emissions in the tidal marsh as affected by the N inputs and S. alterniflora invasion, we measured CH4 emissions from plots with vegetated S. alterniflora and native Cyperus malaccensis, and fertilized with exogenous N at the rate of 0(N0), 21(N1) and 42(N2) g N/(m2·yr), respectively, in the Shanyutan marsh in the Minjiang River estuary, the southeast of China. The average CH4 fluxes during the experiment in the C. malaccensis and S. alterniflora plots without N addition were 3.67 mg CH4/(m2·h) and 7.79 mg CH4/(m2·h), respectively, suggesting that the invasion of S. alterniflora into the Minjiang River estuary stimulated CH4 emission. Exogenous N had positive effects on CH4 fluxes both in native and in invaded tidal marsh. The mean CH4 fluxes of N1 and N2 treatments increased by 31.05% and 123.50% in the C. malaccensis marsh, and 63.88% and 7.55% in the S. alterniflora marsh, respectively, compared to that of N0 treatment. The CH4 fluxes in the two marshes were positively correlated with temperature and pH, and negatively correlated with electrical conductivity and redox potential(Eh) at different N addition treatments. While the relationships between CH4 fluxes and environmental variables(especially soil temperature, pH and Eh at different depths) tended to decrease with N additions. Significant temporal variability in CH4 fluxes were observed as the N was gradually added to the native and invaded marshes. In order to better assess the global climatic role of tidal marshes as affected by N addition, much more attention should be paid to the short-term temporal variability in CH4 emission.

关键词： CH4排放互花米草中国东南排放量入侵氮素闽江口甲烷通量

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Application of Stable Isotope Techniques in Studies of Carbon and Nitrogen Biogeochemical Cycles of Ecosystem

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Chinese Geographical Science 2011年第2期21卷 129-148页

作者： SUN Zhigao mou xiaojie LI Xinhua WANG Lingling SONG Hongli JIANG Huanhuan Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment Processes of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Shandong Institute of Agriculture Sustainable Development Jinan 250100 China

Stable isotope techniques have been proved useful as tools for studying the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. This paper firstly introduced the basic principles and the distribution characteristics of stable isotope, then reviewed the recent advances and applications of stable isotope in the C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. By applying the 13 C natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to understand the photosynthetic path and CO 2 fixation of plants, the CO 2 exchange and C balance status of ecosystem, the composition, distribution and turnover of soil organic C and the sources of organic matter in food webs, while by using the 13 C labeled technique, the effects of elevated CO 2 on the C processes of ecosystem and the sources and fate of organic matter in ecosystem can be revealed in detail. Differently, by applying the 15 N natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to analyze the biological N 2 -fixation, the N sources of ecosystem, the N transformation processes of ecosystem and the N trophic status in food webs, while by using the 15 N labeled technique, the sources, transformation and fate of N in ecosystem and the effects of N input on the ecosystem can be investigated in depth. The applications of both C and N isotope natural abundance and labeled techniques, combined with the elemental, other isotope ( 34 S) and molecular biomarker information, will be more propitious to the investigation of C and N cycle mechanisms. Finally, this paper concluded the problems existed in current researches, and put forward the perspective of stable isotope techniques in the studies on C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem in the future.

关键词：生物地球化学循环同位素技术稳定同位素同位素应用生态系统生物固氮中碳二氧化碳浓度升高

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Effects of Anthropogenic Disturbance on Sediment Organic Carbon Mineralization Under Different Water Conditions in Coastal Wetland of a Subtropical Estuary

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Chinese Geographical Science 2018年第3期28卷 400-410页

作者： mou xiaojie LIU Xingtu SUN Zhigao TONG Chuan HUANG Jiafang WAN Siang WANG Chun WEN Bolong Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geography Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University

The changes in soil organic carbon(C) mineralization as affected by anthropogenic disturbance directly determine the role of soils as C source or sink in the global C budget. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of anthropogenic disturbance(aquaculture pond, pollutant discharge and agricultural activity) on soil organic C mineralization under different water conditions in the Minjiang River estuary wetland, Southeast China. The results showed that the organic C mineralization in the wetland soils was significantly affected by human disturbance and water conditions(P aquaculture pond sediment > soil near the discharge outlet > rice paddy soil. This indicated that human disturbance inhibited the mineralization of C in soils of the Minjiang River estuary wetland, and the inhibition increased with the intensity of human disturbance. The data for cumulative mineralized CO_2-C showed a good fit(R^2 > 0.91) to the first-order kinetic model C_t = C_0(1 – exp(–kt)). The kinetic parameters C_0, k and C_0 k were significantly affected by human disturbance and water conditions. In addition, the total amount of mineralized C(in 49 d) was positively related to C_0, C_0 k and electrical conductivity of soils. These findings indicated that anthropogenic disturbance suppressed the organic C mineralization potential in subtropical coastal wetland soils, and changes of water pattern as affected by human activities in the future would have a strong influence on C cycling in the subtropical estuarine wetlands.

关键词：矿化作用沼泽地副热带器官水池河口沉积沿海

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Nitrogen Biological Cycle Characteristics of Seepweed(Suaeda salsa) Wetland in Intertidal Zone of Huanghe(Yellow) River Estuary

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Chinese Geographical Science 2012年第1期22卷 15-28页

作者： SUN Zhigao mou xiaojie SUN Jingkuan SONG Hongli YU Xiang WANG Lingling JIANG Huanhuan SUN Wanlong SUN Wenguang Shandong Key Laboratory for Eco-Environmental Science of Yellow River Delta Coastal Wetland Ecological Research Base of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Binzhou 256603 China Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment Processes of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

From April 2008 to November 2009,the nitrogen(N) cycle of plantsoil system in seepweed(Suaeda salsa) wetland in the intertidal zone of the Huanghe(Yellow) River estuary was studied.Results showed that soil N had sig-nificant seasonal fluctuations and vertical distribution,and the net N mineralization rates in topsoil were significantly different in growing season(p mount of aboveground part and root were 7.764 g/m2and 4.332 g/m2,respectively.The N translocation amounts from aboveground part to root and from root to soil were 3.881 g/m2 and 0.626 g/m2,respectively.The N translocation amount from aboveground living body to litter was 3.883 g/m2,the annual N return amount from litter to soil was more than 0.125(-) g/m2(minus represented immobilization),and the net N mineralization amount in topsoil(0-15 cm) in growing season was 1.190 g/m2.The assessment of N biological cycle status of S.salsa wetland indicated that N was a very important limiting factor and the ecosystem was situated in unstable and vulnerable status.The S.salsa was seemingly well adapted to the low-nutrient status and vulnerable habitat,and the N quantitative relationships determined in the compartment model might provide scientific base for us to reveal the special adaptive strategy of S.salsa to the vulnerable habitat in the following studies.

关键词：土壤有机氮环境微生物湿地植物黄河河口潮间带循环特征碱蓬珠江口

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Nitrogen cycle of a typical Suaeda salsa marsh ecosystem in the Yellow River estuary

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第6期23卷 958-967页

作者： xiaojie mou Zhigao Sun Lingling Wang Chuanyuan Wang Key laboratory of Coastal Environment Processes CAS Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

The nitrogen（N） biological cycle of the Suaeda salsa marsh ecosystem in the Yellow River estuary was studied during 2008 to 2009.Results showed that soil N had significant seasonal fluctuations and vertical distribution.The N/P ratio（15.73±1.77） of S.salsa was less than 16,indicating that plant growth was limited by both N and P.The N absorption coefficient of S.salsa was very low（0.007）,while the N utilization and cycle coefficients were high（0.824 and 0.331,respectively）.The N turnover among compartments of S.salsa marsh showed that N uptake from aboveground parts and roots were 2.539 and 0.622 g/m2,respectively.The N translocation from aboveground parts to roots and from roots to soil were 2.042 and 0.076 g/m2,respectively.The N translocation from aboveground living bodies to litter was 0.497 g/m2,the annual N return from litter to soil was far less than 0.368 g/m2,and the net N mineralization in topsoil during the growing season was 0.033 g/m2.N was an important limiting factor in S.salsa marsh,and the ecosystem was classified as unstable and vulnerable.S.salsa was seemingly well adapted to the low-nutrient status and vulnerable habitat,and the nutrient enrichment due to N import from the Yellow River estuary would be a potential threat to the S.salsa marsh.Excessive nutrient loading might favor invasive species and induce severe long-term degradation of the ecosystem if human intervention measures were not taken.The N quantitative relationships determined in our study might provide a scientific basis for the establishment of effective measures.

关键词： compartment model nitrogen biological cycle Suaeda salsa Yellow River estuary

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测定泥炭中有机质含量的两种方法之比较

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湿地科学 2023年第3期21卷 465-469页

作者：刘子刚马学慧李晓宇牟晓杰袁宇翔鲁新蕊中国人民大学环境学院北京100872 中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所吉林长春130102

准确测定泥炭中的有机质含量对于研究泥炭的特性和泥炭地的碳储存功能及其变化至关重要。测定土壤中有机质含量的方法很多。由于泥炭的有机质含量大,因此,在选择其测定方法时,必须考虑其有机质含量大的特点。利用20世纪80年代全国泥炭... 详细信息

准确测定泥炭中的有机质含量对于研究泥炭的特性和泥炭地的碳储存功能及其变化至关重要。测定土壤中有机质含量的方法很多。由于泥炭的有机质含量大,因此,在选择其测定方法时,必须考虑其有机质含量大的特点。利用20世纪80年代全国泥炭资源调查数据,对比采用灼烧法与重铬酸钾氧化-外加热法测定出的泥炭有机质含量的异同,探讨采用两种方法测定出的泥炭有机质含量之间的关系。研究结果表明,采用灼烧法测定的云贵高原区、西藏自治区、若尔盖高原区、长白山区、小兴安岭区、三江平原区的泥炭有机质含量的平均值都大于采用重铬酸钾氧化-外加热法的测定结果;采用两种方法测定的泥炭有机质含量显著正相关;分别建立了6个区采用两种方法测定的泥炭有机质含量之间的一元线性回归方程,使6个区采用两种方法测定的泥炭有机质含量之间可以相互换算。

关键词：泥炭有机质含量灼烧法重铬酸钾氧化-外加热法

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沼泽湿地土壤中硝态氮和铵态氮物理运移研究进展

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海洋湖沼通报 2010年第1期 146-152页

作者：牟晓杰孙志高王玲玲中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所滨海湿地生态实验室山东烟台264003 中国科学院研究生院北京100039 厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室福建厦门361005 厦门大学滨海湿地生态系统教育部重点实验室福建厦门361005

沼泽湿地土壤是氮的重要储库,发挥着源、汇和转化器的重要功能。湿地土壤中无机氮的物理运移不但影响着植物的养分供给状况,而且其对于湿地生态系统的结构、功能及健康状况等也有着深刻影响。综述了沼泽湿地土壤无机氮物理运移及影响因... 详细信息

沼泽湿地土壤是氮的重要储库,发挥着源、汇和转化器的重要功能。湿地土壤中无机氮的物理运移不但影响着植物的养分供给状况,而且其对于湿地生态系统的结构、功能及健康状况等也有着深刻影响。综述了沼泽湿地土壤无机氮物理运移及影响因素的研究动态。当前湿地土壤无机氮物理运移的研究主要集中在硝态氮和铵态氮(特别是硝态氮)物理运移规律及部分影响因素(如水分条件、土壤物理性质等)的探讨上,缺乏无机氮物理运移的动力学、热力学机制与模型表征研究。鉴于当前研究中存在的问题,指出天然沼泽湿地是研究的薄弱点,其在今后应亟需加强的领域包括:①无机氮物理运移的驱动机制;②动力学、热力学与环境效应模型表征;③人类活动和全球变化对无机氮物理运移的影响。

关键词：硝态氮铵态氮物理运移沼泽湿地土壤

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