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Towards sustainable solar cells: unveiling the latest developments in bio-nano materials for enhanced Dssc efficiency

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cLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 238-257页

作者： Tamilselvan, sethu Narayanan shanmugan, s. Koneru Lakshmaiah Educ Fdn Coll Engn Res Ctr Solar Energy Dept Engn Phys Vaddeswaram 522502 Andhra Pradesh India

Fossil fuels-instrumental in powering the nineteenth-century Industrial Revolution-are now under heightened scrutiny due to environmental concerns and carbon emissions. consequently, there is a global impetus towards achieving carbon-neutral energy production, with solar energy emerging as a cornerstone in this transition. Over the past three decades, dye-sensitized solar cells (Dsscs) have gained increasing prominence due to their unique advantages. This review elucidates several crucial elements essential to Dssc construction, notably bio-nano materials, prized for their structural flexibility, cost-effectiveness and high molar absorption coefficient. It delves into the intricate relationship between molecular structure and Dssc performance, showcasing significant advancements with light-to-power conversion efficiencies reaching 11%. A comprehensive analysis of the photovoltaic performance of Dsscs utilizing bio-nano-based dyes offers invaluable insights into the state of this rapidly evolving industry. Key components under scrutiny include transparent conductive oxide (TcO) layers, physical techniques for metal oxide deposition onto TcO thin films, diverse dye variants and foundational knowledge of components ripe for growth and enhancement. Moreover, the review outlines the latest breakthroughs in the field, providing glimpses into the current status of prototype Dsscs. This review elucidates several crucial elements essential to dye-sensitized solar cell construction, notably bio-nano materials, and delves into the intricate relationship between molecular structure and dye-sensitized solar cell performance. Graphical Abstract

关键词： Dssc performance TcO thin films environmental solution FREE ORGANIc-DYEs ZINc-OXIDE NANOsTRUcTURED PHOTOANODE sILVER NANOPARTIcLEs cOUNTER ELEcTRODEs QUANTUM-DOT TIN OXIDE LOW-cOsT ELEcTROLYTEs GRAPHENE

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Unsynchronized butyrophilin molecules dictate cancer cell evasion of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell killing

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 362-373页

作者： Zeguang Wu Qiezhong Lamao Meichao Gu Xuanxuan Jin Ying Liu Feng Tian Ying Yu Pengfei Yuan shuaixin Gao Thomas s.Fulford Adam P.Uldrich catherine c.L Wong Wensheng Wei Biomedical Pioneering Innovation center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Genome Editing Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University100871BeijingChina EdiGene Inc. Life Science ParkChangping District102206BeijingChina center for Precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research Peking University Health Science CenterPeking University100191BeijingChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia cancer Immunology Program Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia state Key Laboratory for complex Severe and Rare DiseasesClinical Research InstitutePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences100871BeijingChina

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are specialized effector cells that have gained prominence as immunotherapy agents due to their ability to target and kill cells with altered pyrophosphate *** our effort to understand how cancer cells evade the cell-killing activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells,we performed a comprehensive genome-scale cRIsPR screening of cancer *** found that four molecules belonging to the butyrophilin(BTN)family,specifically BTN2A1,BTN3A1,BTN3A2,and BTN3A3,are critically important and play unique,nonoverlapping roles in facilitating the destruction of cancer cells by primary Vγ9Vδ2 T *** coordinated function of these BTN molecules was driven by synchronized gene expression,which was regulated by IFN-γsignaling and the RFX ***,an enzyme called QPcTL was shown to play a key role in modifying the N-terminal glutamine of these BTN proteins and was found to be a crucial factor in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell killing of cancer *** our research,we offer a detailed overview of the functional genomic mechanisms that underlie how cancer cells escape Vγ9Vδ2 T ***,our findings shed light on the importance of the harmonized expression and function of gene family members in modulating T-cell activity.

关键词： Butyrophilin Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell cancer-specific immune evasion Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like Pyrophosphate metabolite Immunotherapy

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Hierarchical control strategy for Load Regulation Based on stackelberg Game Theory considering Randomness

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csEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2024年第3期10卷 929-941页

作者： Tingyu Jiang Ping Ju c.Y.chung Yuzhong Gong college of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong CF624China Department of Electrical and computer Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 5A9Canada csEE IEEE

Demand response has been recognized as a valuable functionality of power systems for mitigating power *** paper proposes a hierarchical control strategy among the distribution system operator(DsO),load aggregators(LAs),and thermostatically controlled loads(TcLs);the strategy includes a scheduling layer and an executive layer to provide load *** the scheduling layer,the DsO(leader)offers compensation price(cP)strategies,and the LAs(followers)respond to cP strategies with available regulation power(ARP)*** of the DsO and LAs are modeled according to their behaviors during the load regulation *** game is adopted to capture interactions among the players and leader and to obtain the optimal strategy for each participant to achieve ***,considering inevitable random factors in practice,e.g.,renewable generation and behavior of users,two different stochastic models based on sample average approximation(sAA)and parameter modification are formulated with improved scheduling *** the executive layer,distributed TcLs are triggered based on strategies determined in the scheduling layer.A self-triggering method that does not violate user privacy is presented,where TcLs receive external signals from the LA and independently determine whether to alter their operation *** simulations are performed on the modified IEEE-24 bus system to verify effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

关键词： Demand response hierarchical control load regulation self-triggering method stackelberg game

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Background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma M.Madelaire K.M.Laundal J.P.Reistad s.M.Hatch s.Gasparini s.J.Walker Birkeland centre for space science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth ***,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles,but also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by *** emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background *** fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral *** we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images by formulating linear inverse problems based on B-splines and spherical *** approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral *** final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the *** demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(IMAGE)*** method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(sMILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

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An Efficient Modelling of Oversampling with Optimal Deep Learning Enabled Anomaly Detection in streaming Data

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china communications 2024年第5期21卷 249-260页

作者： R.Rajakumar s.sathiya Devi srinivasa Ramanujan centre SASTRA Deemed UniversityKumbakonamTamil Nadu 612001India University college of Engineering BIT CampusAnna UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024India

Recently,anomaly detection(AD)in streaming data gained significant attention among research communities due to its applicability in finance,business,healthcare,education,*** recent developments of deep learning(DL)models find helpful in the detection and classification of *** article designs an oversampling with an optimal deep learning-based streaming data classification(Os-ODLsDc)*** aim of the OsODLsDc model is to recognize and classify the presence of anomalies in the streaming *** proposed Os-ODLsDc model initially undergoes preprocessing *** streaming data is unbalanced,support vector machine(sVM)-synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique(sVM-sMOTE)is applied for oversampling ***,the Os-ODLsDc model employs bidirectional long short-term memory(Bi LsTM)for AD and ***,the root means square propagation(RMsProp)optimizer is applied for optimal hyperparameter tuning of the Bi LsTM *** ensuring the promising performance of the Os-ODLsDc model,a wide-ranging experimental analysis is performed using three benchmark datasets such as cIcIDs 2018,KDD-cup 1999,and NsL-KDD datasets.

关键词： anomaly detection deep learning hyperparameter optimization oversampling sMOTE streaming data

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Perceived stress among staff in saudi Arabian dental colleges before and after an accreditation process: A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of clinical cases 2024年第4期12卷 758-765页

作者： Amal s shaiban Department of Restorative Dental science College of DentistryKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61471Saudi Arabia

BAcKGROUND Accreditation processes are extensively employed to guarantee the quality of higher education ***,this process can potentially generate a stressful atmosphere for staff,thus impacting their ability to perform optimally under *** To examine the knowledge of the National commission for Academic Assessment and Accreditation(NcAAA)and its effects on perceived stress among dental college staff before and after the program accreditation *** The present cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included 300 employees from three dental *** same employees had to fill out the questionnaire 1 mo after the NcAAA *** Approximately 51.33%of the included employees believed that NcAAA is essential to attract quality students to join the program before and after the program.A total of 44.67%felt that their stress was high before,and 31.33%had low stress levels before and after *** findings were statistically significant(P≤0.05).cONcLUsION NcAAA raised the prestige of the institution and specific programmes and increased prospects to attract better students,staff,and money,according to the *** addition to their needed teaching,research,and other service responsibilities,this work requires a tremendous amount of faculty effort and may cause them stress.

关键词： National commission for Academic Assessment and Accreditation Accreditation process Perceived stress staff

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Data-driven static Equivalence with Physics-informed Koopman Operators

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csEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2024年第1期10卷 432-438页

作者： Wei Lin changhong Zhao Maosheng Gao c.Y.chung Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina Department of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina school of Electrical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

With deployment of measurement units,fitting static equivalent models of distribution networks(DNs)by linear regression has been recognized as an effective method in power flow analysis of a transmission *** volatility of measurements caused by variable distributed renewable energy sources makes it more difficult to accurately fit such equivalent *** tackle this challenge,this letter proposes a novel data-driven method to improve equivalency accuracy of DNs with distributed energy *** letter provides a new perspective that an equivalent model can be regarded as a mapping from internal conditions and border voltages to border power *** mapping can be established through 1)Koopman operator theory,and 2)physical features of power flow equations at the root node of a *** of the proposed method is demonstrated on the IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 136-bus test systems connected to a 661-bus utility system.

关键词： Data-driven distribution network Koopman operator theory static equivalent model

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Generalized polynomial chaos expansion by reanalysis using static condensation based on substructuring

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 819-836页

作者： D.LEE s.cHANG J.LEE Department of Automotive Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea school of Mechanical Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea

This paper presents a new computational method for forward uncertainty quantification(UQ)analyses on large-scale structural systems in the presence of arbitrary and dependent random *** method consists of a generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPcE)for statistical moment and reliability analyses associated with the stochastic output and a static reanalysis method to generate the input-output data *** the reanalysis,we employ substructuring for a structure to isolate its local regions that vary due to random *** allows for avoiding repeated computations of invariant substructures while generating the input-output data *** substructuring with static condensation further improves the computational efficiency of the reanalysis without losing ***,the GPcE with the static reanalysis method can achieve significant computational saving,thus mitigating the curse of dimensionality to some degree for UQ under high-dimensional *** numerical results obtained from a simple structure indicate that the proposed method for UQ produces accurate solutions more efficiently than the GPcE using full finite element analyses(FEAs).We also demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed method by executing UQ for a large-scale wing-box structure under ten-dimensional(all-dependent)random inputs.

关键词： forward uncertainty quantification(UQ) generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPcE) static reanalysis method static condensation substructuring

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Protected simultaneous quantum remote state preparation scheme by weak and reversal measurements in noisy environments

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chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 169-177页

作者： Mandal Manoj Kumar choudhury Binayak s. samanta soumen Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpur B.GardenHowrah 711103West BengalIndia

We discuss a quantum remote state preparation protocol by which two parties, Alice and candy, prepare a single-qubit and a two-qubit state, respectively, at the site of the receiver Bob. The single-qubit state is known to Alice while the two-qubit state which is a non-maximally entangled Bell state is known to candy. The three parties are connected through a single entangled state which acts as a quantum channel. We first describe the protocol in the ideal case when the entangled channel under use is in a pure state. After that, we consider the effect of amplitude damping(AD) noise on the quantum channel and describe the protocol executed through the noisy channel. The decrement of the fidelity is shown to occur with the increment in the noise parameter. This is shown by numerical computation in specific examples of the states to be created. Finally, we show that it is possible to maintain the label of fidelity to some extent and hence to decrease the effect of noise by the application of weak and reversal measurements. We also present a scheme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled resource which we require as a quantum channel. The generation scheme is run on the IBMQ platform.

关键词： multi-qubit entangled channel quantum remote state preparation noisy environments weak and reversal measurements

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Near resonance vibration isolation on a levered-dual response(LEDAR)coulomb-damped system by differential preloads/offsets in linear springs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1033-1050页

作者： T.I.TOLUWALOJU c.K.THEIN D.HALIM Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Nottingham Ningbo china Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The levered-dual response(LEDAR)coulomb-damped system attains near resonant vibration isolation by differential preloads/offsets in linear *** takes the advantages of both the preloads/offsets in linear springs and the guiderail friction for realizing different levels of vibration *** isolation capacities are investigated on the strategies with both the horizontal and vertical guiderails,with the horizontal rail only,and without *** compressive preloads generally result in the consumption of most of the initial excitation energy so as to overcome the potential *** isolation onsets at the frequency ratio of 1∓0.095 on the left-hand side(LHs)and the right-hand side(RHs)of the lever are relative to the load plate *** observed near resonant isolation thus makes the LEDAR system a candidate for the isolation of the mechanical systems about resonance while opening a path for simultaneous harvesterisolation functions and passive functions at extreme frequencies.

关键词： lever ratio coulomb damping preload tension/compression isolation band/depth offset potential

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