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Flexible ultra-thin super-resolution endoscopy

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science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 171-172页

作者： George s.D.Gordon Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG7 2RDUK

In recent years, multimode fiber(MMF) has become an important tool for high-resolution endoscopic imaging in narrow channels(e.g., in the brain via needles or inside blood vessels) due to its high mode density and fine diameter, typically stacle to widespread deployment in applications is that realistic perturbations, including bending, twisting and changes in temperature, cause unacceptable image degradation.

关键词： fiber resolution typically

Explainable conformer Network for Detection of cOVID-19 Pneumonia from chest cT scan: From concepts toward clinical Explainability

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computers, Materials & continua 2024年第1期78卷 1171-1187页

作者： Mohamed Abdel-Basset Hossam Hawash Mohamed Abouhawwash s.s.Askar Alshaimaa A.Tantawy Faculty of computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The early implementation of treatment therapies necessitates the swift and precise identification of cOVID-19 pneumonia by the analysis of chest cT *** study aims to investigate the indispensable need for precise and interpretable diagnostic tools for improving clinical decision-making for cOVID-19 *** paper proposes a novel deep learning approach,called conformer Network,for explainable discrimination of viral pneumonia depending on the lung Region of Infections(ROI)within a single modality radiographic cT ***,an efficient U-shaped transformer network is integrated for lung image ***,a robust transfer learning technique is introduced to design a robust feature extractor based on pre-trained lightweight Big Transfer(BiT-L)and finetuned on medical data to effectively learn the patterns of infection in the input ***,this work presents a visual explanation method to guarantee clinical explainability for decisions made by conformer *** evaluation of real-world cT data demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of ourmodel outperforms cutting-edge studies with statistical *** conformer Network achieves 97.40% of detection accuracy under cross-validation *** model not only achieves high sensitivity and specificity but also affords visualizations of salient features contributing to each classification decision,enhancing the overall transparency and trustworthiness of our *** findings provide obvious implications for the ability of our model to empower clinical staff by generating transparent intuitions about the features driving diagnostic decisions.

关键词： Deep learning cOVID-19 multi-modal medical image fusion diagnostic image fusion

Role of climatic variability in shaping intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in Mediterranean water beetles

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Insect science 2024年第1期31卷 285-298页

作者： susana Pallarés David Garoffolo Belén Rodríguez David sánchez-Fernández Department of Zoology University of SevilleSevilleSpain Faculty of Biology Department of Ecology and HydrologyUniversity of MurciaCampus EspinardoMurciaSpain

The climatic variability hypothesis(cVH)predicts that organisms in more thermally variable environments have wider thermal breadths and higher thermal plasticity than those from more stable ***,due to evolutionary trade-offs,taxa with greater absolute thermal limits may have little plasticity of such limits(trade-off hypothesis).The cVH assumes that climatic variability is the ultimate driver of thermal tolerance variation across latitudinal and altitudinal gradients,but average temperature also varies along such *** explored intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in three typical Mediterranean saline water beetles(families Hydrophilidae and Dytiscidae).For each species,we compared two populations where the species coexist,with similar annual mean temperature but contrasting thermal variability(continental *** population).We estimated thermal limits of adults from each population,previously acclimated at 17,20,or 25℃.We found species-specific patterns but overall,our results agree with the cVH regarding thermal ranges,which were wider in the continental(more variable)*** the two hydrophilid species,this came at the cost of losing plasticity of the upper thermal limit in this population,supporting the trade-off hypothesis,but not in the dytiscid *** results support the role of local adaptation to thermal variability and trade-offs between basal tolerance and physiological plasticity in shaping thermal tolerance in aquatic ectotherms,but also suggest that intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance does not fit a general pattern among aquatic *** such intraspecific variation could lead to inaccurate predictions of the vulnerability of aquatic insects to global warming.

关键词： acclimation capacity aquatic insects climate change heat coma temperature supercooling point thermal plasticity

Optimizing Average Electric Power During the charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Through the Taguchi Method

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 152-166页

作者： Mohd H.s.Alrashdan Department of Electrical Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMaan 71110Jordan

In recent times, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used owing to their high energy density, extended cycle lifespan, and minimal self-discharge rate. The design of high-speed rechargeable lithium-ion batteries faces a significant challenge owing to the need to increase average electric power during charging. This challenge results from the direct influence of the power level on the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the battery electrodes. In this study, the Taguchi optimization method was used to enhance the average electric power during the charging process of lithium-ion batteries. The Taguchi technique is a statistical strategy that facilitates the systematic and efficient evaluation of numerous experimental variables. The proposed method involved varying seven input factors, including positive electrode thickness, positive electrode material, positive electrode active material volume fraction, negative electrode active material volume fraction, separator thickness, positive current collector thickness, and negative current collector thickness. Three levels were assigned to each control factor to identify the optimal conditions and maximize the average electric power during charging. Moreover, a variance assessment analysis was conducted to validate the results obtained from the Taguchi analysis. The results revealed that the Taguchi method was an eff ective approach for optimizing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries. This indicates that the positive electrode material, followed by the separator thickness and the negative electrode active material volume fraction, was key factors significantly infl uencing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries response. The identification of optimal conditions resulted in the improved performance of lithium-ion batteries, extending their potential in various applications. Particularly, lithium-ion batteries with average electric power of 16 W and 17

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Average electric power during charging Taguchi method cOMsOL Multiphysics software c rate L27 orthogonal array

Pathogenic and therapeutic role of exosomes in neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 75-79页

作者： christa c.Huber Hongmin Wang Division of Basic Biomedical sciences Sanford School of MedicineUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA

Neurodegenerative disorders affect millions of people worldwide,and the prevalence of these disorders is only projected to rise as the number of people over 65 will drastically increase in the coming *** therapies exist to aid in symptomatic relief,effective treatments that can stop or reve rse the progress of each neurodegenerative disease are ***,research on the role of extracellular vesicles as disease markers and therapeutics has been intensively ***,30-150 nm in diameter,are one type of extracellular vesicles facilitating cell-to-cell *** are thought to play a role in disease propagation in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson s disease,and amyotrophic lateral ***,the exosomes derived from the patients are an invaluable source of disease *** the other hand,exosomes,especially those derived from stem cells,could serve as a therapeutic for these disorders,as seen by a rapid increase in clinical trials investigating the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes in different neurological *** review summarizes the pathological burden and therapeutic approach of exosomes in neurodegenerative *** also highlight how heat shock increases the yield of exosomes while still maintaining their therapeutic ***,this review concludes with outstanding questions that remain to be addressed in exosomal research.

关键词： aging Alzheimer's disease biomarker drug exosome extracellular vesicle neurodegenerative disease Parkinson's disease therapy

TOEPLITZ DETERMINANTs IN ONE AND HIGHER DIMENsIONs

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Acta Mathematica scientia 2024年第5期44卷 1931-1944页

作者： surya GIRI s.sivaprasad KUMAR Department of Applied Mathematics Delhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi110042India

In this study,we derive the sharp bounds of certain Toeplitz determinants whose entries are the coefficients of holomorphic functions belonging to a class defined on the unit disk ***,these results are extended to a class of holomorphic functions on the unit ball in a complex Banach space and on the unit polydisc inℂ*** obtained results provide the bounds of Toeplitz determinants in higher dimensions for various subclasses of normalized univalent functions.

关键词： holomorphic mappings starlike mappings Toeplitz determinants coefficient inequalities

MAIPFE:An Efficient Multimodal Approach Integrating Pre-Emptive Analysis,Personalized Feature selection,and Explainable AI

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computers, Materials & continua 2024年第5期79卷 2229-2251页

作者： Moshe Dayan sirapangi s.Gopikrishnan school of computer science and Engineering VIT-AP UniversityAmaravathiAndhra Pradesh522241India

Medical Internet of Things(IoT)devices are becoming more and more common in *** has created a huge need for advanced predictive health modeling strategies that can make good use of the growing amount of multimodal data to find potential health risks early and help individuals in a personalized *** methods,while useful,have limitations in predictive accuracy,delay,personalization,and user interpretability,requiring a more comprehensive and efficient approach to harness modern medical IoT *** is a multimodal approach integrating pre-emptive analysis,personalized feature selection,and explainable AI for real-time health monitoring and disease *** using AI for early disease detection,personalized health recommendations,and transparency,healthcare will be *** Multimodal Approach Integrating Pre-emptive Analysis,Personalized Feature selection,and Explainable AI(MAIPFE)framework,which combines Firefly Optimizer,Recurrent Neural Network(RNN),Fuzzy c Means(FcM),and Explainable AI,improves disease detection precision over existing *** metrics show the model’s superiority in real-time health *** proposed framework outperformed existing models by 8.3%in disease detection classification precision,8.5%in accuracy,5.5%in recall,2.9%in specificity,4.5%in AUc(Area Under the curve),and 4.9%in delay *** prediction precision increased by 4.5%,accuracy by 3.9%,recall by 2.5%,specificity by 3.5%,AUc by 1.9%,and delay levels decreased by 9.4%.MAIPFE can revolutionize healthcare with preemptive analysis,personalized health insights,and actionable *** research shows that this innovative approach improves patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency in the real world.

关键词： Predictive health modeling Medical Internet of Things explainable artificial intelligence personalized feature selection preemptive analysis

GRP7 phase separation as an interpreter of temperature cues

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 842-844页

作者： sunita Pathak Lucia c.strader Department of Biology Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

Plants are exposed to a range of daily and seasonal temperatures and thus are required to regulate their cellular processes under fluctuating temperature *** various temperature-responsive genes,GLYcINE-RIcH RNA BINDING PROTEIN7(GRP7)encodes a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein that provides freezing tolerance to plants(carpenter et al.,1994;Kim et al.,2008)by acting as an RNA chaperone(Kwak et al.,2011).

关键词： conditions. separation

Real-Time Prediction of Urban Traffic Problems Based on Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Mobile Ad Hoc Networks(MANETs)

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computers, Materials & continua 2024年第5期79卷 1903-1923页

作者： Ahmed Alhussen Arshiya s.Ansari Department of computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Traffic in today’s cities is a serious problem that increases travel times,negatively affects the environment,and drains financial *** study presents an Artificial Intelligence(AI)augmentedMobile Ad Hoc Networks(MANETs)based real-time prediction paradigm for urban traffic *** are wireless networks that are based on mobile devices and may *** distributed nature of MANETs and the power of AI approaches are leveraged in this framework to provide reliable and timely traffic congestion *** study suggests a unique chaotic spatial Fuzzy Polynomial Neural Network(csFPNN)technique to assess real-time data acquired from various sources within *** framework uses the proposed approach to learn from the data and create predictionmodels to detect possible traffic problems and their severity in real ***-time traffic prediction allows for proactive actions like resource allocation,dynamic route advice,and traffic signal optimization to reduce *** framework supports effective decision-making,decreases travel time,lowers fuel use,and enhances overall urban mobility by giving timely information to pedestrians,drivers,and urban *** simulations and real-world datasets are used to test the proposed framework’s prediction accuracy,responsiveness,and *** results show that the suggested framework successfully anticipates urban traffic issues in real-time,enables proactive traffic management,and aids in creating smarter,more sustainable cities.

关键词： Mobile AdHocNetworks(MANET) urban traffic prediction artificial intelligence(AI) traffic congestion chaotic spatial fuzzy polynomial neural network(csFPNN)