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Oxidative Damage to Lung Tissue and Peripheral Blood in Endotracheal PM_(2.5)-treated Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2009年第3期22卷 223-228页

作者： ZHI-QING LIN ZHU-GE XI DAN-FENG YANG Fu-HUAN CHAO HUA-SHAN ZHANG WEI ZHANG HUANG-LIANG LIU ZAI-MING YANG ru-BAO SUN Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine Tianjin 300050 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control Tianjin 300071 China

Objective To investigate the oxidative damage to lung tissue and peripherial blood in PM2.5-treated rats. Methods PM2.5 samples were collected using an auto-sampling instrument in summer and winter. Treated samples were endotracheally instilled into rats. Activity of reduced glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and concentration of malondialdehyde （MDA） were used as oxidative damage biomarkers of lung tissue and peripheral blood detected with the biochemical method. DNA migration length （μm） and rate of tail were used as DNA damage biomarkers of lung tissue and peripheral blood detected with the biochemical method. Results The activity of GSH-Px and the concentration of MDA in lung tissue significantly decreased after exposure to PM2.5 for 7-14 days. In peripheral blood, the concentration of MDA decreased, but the activity of GSH-Px increased 7 and 14 days after experiments. The two indicators had a dose-effect relation and similar changing tendency in lung tissue and peripheral blood. The DNA migration length （μm） and rate of tail in lung tissue and peripheral blood significantly increased 7 and 14 days after exposure to PM2.5. The two indicators had a dose-effect relation and similar changing tendency in lung tissue and peripheral blood. Conclusion PM2.5 has a definite oxidative effect on lung tissue and peripheral blood. The activity of GSH-Px and the concentration of MDA are valuable biomarkers of oxidative lung tissue damage induced by PM2.5. The DNA migration length （μm） and rate of tail are simple and valuable biomarkers of PM2 5-induced DNA damage in lung tissues and peripheral blood. The degree of DNA damage in peripheral blood can predict the degree of DNA damage in lung tissue.

关键词： PM2.5 Endotracheal instillation Oxidative damage Oxidative DNA damage Biomarker DNA repair

加拿大人工智能人才教育何以兴盛——人才生态系统视角的审视与思考

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比较教育研究 2020年第2期42卷 16-23页

作者：汝绪华中国石油大学马克思主义学院山东青岛266580

加拿大人工智能人才教育一直处于国际领导者地位。然而,由于不具备美国硅谷完整的人工智能人才生态系统,人才流失现象严重。面对人才教育优势无法转变为产业优势的窘境,加拿大政府希望能够扭转这种局面,使加拿大也成为人工智能人才的聚... 详细信息

加拿大人工智能人才教育一直处于国际领导者地位。然而,由于不具备美国硅谷完整的人工智能人才生态系统,人才流失现象严重。面对人才教育优势无法转变为产业优势的窘境,加拿大政府希望能够扭转这种局面,使加拿大也成为人工智能人才的聚集地,而不只是一个人才孵化器。加拿大推出了人工智能国家战略与更多优惠政策,构建了产学研协同创新+孵化器的人才教育模式,构筑了人工智能人才市场生态,形成了三点一线的人工智能研究带,整合了政府、高校与高科技企业三方力量,着力打造以人才教育为核心的人工智能人才生态系统。在各方持续努力下,加拿大的人工智能人才生态明显改善。

关键词：加拿大人工智能人才教育人才生态系统人才流失

Comparison of Efficacy and Safety between First and Second Generation Drug-eluting Stents in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease： A Single-center Retrospective Study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第14期130卷 1654-1661页

作者： ru Liu Fei Xiong Yuan Wen Yuan-Liang Ma Yi Yao Zhan Gao Bo Xu Yue-Jin Yang Shu-Bin Qiao run-Lin Gao Jin-Qing Yuan Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037 China Department of Physiology Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536 USA

Background：Lots of trials demonstrate that second-generation drug-eluting stents （G2-DES）,with their improved properties,offer significantly superior efficacy and safety profiles compared to first generation DES （Gl-DES） for patients with coronary artery disease （CAD） receiving percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）.This study aimed to verify the advantage of G2-DES over G1-DES in Chinese patients with stable CAD （SCAD）.Methods：For this retrospective observational analysis,2709 SCAD patients with either G1-DES （n =863） or G2-DES （n =1846） were enrolled consecutively throughout *** score matching （PSM） was applied to control differing baseline ***-year outcomes,including major adverse coronary events as well as individual events,including target vessel-related myocardial infarction,target lesion revascularization （TLR）,target vessel revascularization,and cardiogenic death were ***：The incidence of revascularization between G1-and G2-DES showed a trend of significant difference with a threshold P-value （8.6% vs.6.7%,x2 =2.995,P =0.084）.G2-DES significantly improved TLR-free survival compared to G1-DES （96.6% vs.97.9%,P =0.049） and revascularization-free survival curve showed a trend of improvement of G2-DES （92.0% vs.93.8%,P =0.082）.These difterences diminished after *** Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed a trend for G 1-associated increase in revascularization （hazard ratio：1.28,95% confidence interval：0.95-1.72,P =0.099） while no significance was found after *** endpoints showed no significant differences after multivariate adjustment regardless of ***：G1-DES showed the same safety as G2-DES in this large Chinese cohort of real-world ***,G2-DES improved TLR-ffee survival of SCAD patients 2 years after *** advantage was influenced by baseline clinical ***-DES was associated with a trend of increase in revascularization risk and was not an independent predictor o

关键词： Drug-etuting Stents Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Stable Coronary Artery Disease

The Association between Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke and Disease in the Chinese Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期36卷 24-37页

作者： WANG Yu Tong HU Kui ru ZHAO Jian AI Fei Ling SHI Yu Lin WANG Xue Wei YANG Wen Yi WANG Jing Xin AILiMei WAN Xia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Objective To analyze the association between exposure to second-hand smoke(SHS) and 23 diseases,categorized into four classifications, among the Chinese *** We searched the literature up to June 30, 2021, and eligible studies were identified according to the PECOS format: Participants and Competitors(Chinese population), Exposure(SHS),Outcomes(Disease or Death), and Study design(Case-control or Cohort).Results In total, 53 studies were selected. The odds ratio(OR) for all types of cancer was 1.79(1.56–2.05), and for individual cancers was 1.92(1.42–2.59) for lung cancer, 1.57(1.40–1.76) for breast cancer, 1.52(1.12–2.05) for bladder cancer, and 1.37(1.08–1.73) for liver cancer. The OR for circulatory system diseases was 1.92(1.29–2.85), with a value of 2.29(1.26–4.159) for stroke. The OR of respiratory system diseases was 1.76(1.13–2.74), with a value of 1.82(1.07–3.11) for childhood asthma. The original ORs were also shown for other diseases. Subgroup analyses were performed for lung and breast cancer. The ORs varied according to time period and were significant during exposure in the household;For lung cancer, the OR was significant in *** The effect of SHS exposure in China was similar to that in Western countries, but its definition and characterization require further clarification. Studies on the association between SHS exposure and certain diseases with high incidence rates are insufficient.

关键词： Second-hand smoke Chinese population Cancer Diseases of the respiratory system Diseases of the circulatory system Systematic review Meta-analysis

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三叶因子家族

生物化学与生物物理进展 2000年第4期27卷 367-372页

作者：口如琴王蔚李令媛茹炳根北京大学生命科学学院蛋白质工程国家重点实验室北京100871

三叶因子家族是一类具有特殊结构———P结构域的蛋白质家族 ,P结构域包含 6个高度保守的半胱氨酸残基及精氨酸、甘氨酸、色氨酸和苯丙氨酸残基 .半胱氨酸残基以Cys1 Cys5 ,Cys2 Cys4,Cys3 Cys6连接形成三个链内二硫桥 .已发现多种含有... 详细信息

三叶因子家族是一类具有特殊结构———P结构域的蛋白质家族 ,P结构域包含 6个高度保守的半胱氨酸残基及精氨酸、甘氨酸、色氨酸和苯丙氨酸残基 .半胱氨酸残基以Cys1 Cys5 ,Cys2 Cys4,Cys3 Cys6连接形成三个链内二硫桥 .已发现多种含有P结构域的多肽 ,其中最引人注目的是TFF1/pS2、TFF2 /SP及TFF3/ITF ,在正常组织中其主要表达位点分别为胃基底和胃体 (TFF1/pS2 )、胃窦深部的小凹 (TFF2 /SP)及小肠和大肠杯状细胞 (TFF3/ITF) .TFF可能具有维持粘膜屏障和促进溃疡治愈的功能 .TFF含有α折叠 (α helix) ,β片层 (β sheet) .三叶因子家族多肽的作用机理仍处于猜测阶段 ,现有与粘蛋白共同作用和与受体作用两种假说 .

关键词：三叶因子家族三叶肽表达位点结构

五味子甲素调控FXR信号通路改善DSS诱导的小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎

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药学学报 2024年第5期59卷 1261-1270页

作者：蒋嘉瑞董跨金玉春杨心茹罗亦轩徐书扬王汛江谷丽华石燕红杨莉王峥涛王旭丁丽丽上海中医药大学中药研究所上海市复方中药重点实验室中药标准化教育部重点实验室暨国家中医药管理局中药新资源与质量评价重点实验室上海201203 上海中药标准化研究中心上海201203 复旦大学附属妇产科医院乳腺科上海200011

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)以慢性复发性肠道炎症为特征,包括溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD)。IBD已成为全球性的医疗保健问题。临床上尚缺乏有效治疗药物。本研究聚焦于UC模型... 详细信息

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)以慢性复发性肠道炎症为特征,包括溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD)。IBD已成为全球性的医疗保健问题。临床上尚缺乏有效治疗药物。本研究聚焦于UC模型,旨在寻找新的治疗策略。前期研究发现,五味子甲素(schisandrin A,SchA)体外具有抗炎作用,并促进法尼醇X受体(farnesoid X receptor,FXR)的转录活性。FXR反向调控NF-κB的转录活性,在调节炎症反应中具有重要作用。因此,本研究主要探讨SchA对UC的保护作用及其通过FXR信号通路调控的机制。在RAW264.7细胞上评价SchA对炎症因子mRNA水平的影响。用双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证SchA与FXR靶向关系。动物实验遵循上海中医药大学动物伦理委员会规定(批准号:PZSHUTCM2304250005)。野生型或FXR敲除的C57BL/6小鼠自由饮用3%右旋葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sodium sulfate,DSS)7天诱导小鼠急性UC,并灌胃给药SchA连续7天。实验期间每日监测小鼠体重及粪便情况。采用RT-qPCR方法检测结肠组织炎症因子、FXR靶基因的mRNA水平。结果显示:体外SchA抑制脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的炎症因子mRNA水平的增加。同时,SchA可以增加FXR的转录活性。在野生型小鼠中,SchA能明显改善急性UC小鼠的体重下降、结肠缩短、稀便和便血;SchA显著降低结肠组织中促炎因子基因的表达、增加FXR靶基因的表达。在FXR敲除小鼠中,SchA对小鼠急性UC的缓解作用消失。综上,SchA可通过FXR信号通路降低肠道炎症,缓解DSS诱导的小鼠急性UC,提示五味子木脂素类化合物可能是IBD药物开发的先导化合物。

关键词：五味子甲素结肠炎葡聚糖硫酸钠法尼醇X受体抗炎

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Toxicological advances of traditional medicine in 2021

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Traditional Medicine Research 2022年第4期7卷 49-54页

作者： Fu-Rong Liu Ling-ru Gong Hao-Yan Sun Long-Zhang Song Wen-Yuan Gao Shu-Li Man State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyMinistry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industry MicrobiologyChina International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal ChemistryCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

In 2021,there have been many studies on the toxicological evaluation of traditional medicine,as well as natural active *** them,the toxicity evaluation of evodiamine,Gardenia Jasminoides ***,and anthraquinone in the liver,kidneys,heart,and other organs has become a popular *** toxic mechanisms include oxidative stress,inflammatory response,apoptosis,mitochondrial damage,and disorders of lipid and amino acid *** response to the drawbacks of time-consuming,expensive,and ethical restrictions of animal models,a variety of techniques,such as 3D organoid models,metabolomics,toxicokinetics,bioprinting methods,and network toxicology methods,have been gradually employed in the toxicity evaluation of traditional *** review summarizes the drug toxicity and safety assessment of traditional medicine in *** the future,attention should be paid to preventing traditional medicine toxicity.

关键词： traditional medicine natural product toxicity toxic target organs risk assessment safety evaluation

华盛顿会议《五国海军条约》主力舰吨位比例考

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北京师范大学学报（社会科学版） 2009年第4期 68-73页

作者：茹莹北京师范大学历史学院北京100875

迄今为止,国内几乎所有的世界史和国际关系史教材都明确记载:华盛顿会议《五国海军条约》确定的美英日法意主力舰吨位的比例为5:5:3:1.75:1.75。但根据条约规定的五国主力舰吨位的具体数字计算,却只能得出5:5:3:1.67:1.67或者5.25:5.25:... 详细信息

迄今为止,国内几乎所有的世界史和国际关系史教材都明确记载:华盛顿会议《五国海军条约》确定的美英日法意主力舰吨位的比例为5:5:3:1.75:1.75。但根据条约规定的五国主力舰吨位的具体数字计算,却只能得出5:5:3:1.67:1.67或者5.25:5.25:3.15:1.75:1.75。这与前面那个比例关系显然是不同的。查相关原始档案等资料,发现在《五国海军条约》的文本中,根本就没有出现有关比例的明确表述。5:5:3:1.75:1.75只是美国有关人士在会议初期的一种设想,但在后来达成的协议中,美英日三国主力舰吨位却超过了原来设想的限额,这个微妙变化最终使五国主力舰吨位固定在5:5:3:1.67:1.67或者5.25:5.25:3.15:1.75:1.75的比例关系上。可惜,对于这个变化,当时的一些新闻媒体并未理会,仍旧以5:5:3:1.75:1.75的比例关系加以报道,这对后来有关华盛顿会议的历史研究起了一定误导作用,中文著作关于五国主力舰吨位比例关系的错误记载,即根源于此。

关键词：华盛顿会议《五国海军条约》主力舰吨位比例

UAV Laser scanning technology:a potential cost-effective tool for micro-topography detection over wooded areas for archaeological prospection

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第11期13卷 1279-1301页

作者： Wei Zhou Fulong Chen Huadong Guo Mingyuan Hu Qi Li Panpan Tang Wenwu Zheng Jian’an Liu rupeng Luo Kaikai Yan ru Li Pilong Shi Sheng Nie Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage(HIST)Under the auspices of UNESCO BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Hengyang Base of International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the auspices of UNESCO HengyangPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Space and Earth Information Science the Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Airborne Remote Sensing Center Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology HangzhouPeople’s Republic of China

Airborne laser scanning(ALS)has recently been identified as a potential tool in topographic mapping for archaeological ***,most existing applications in this field refers to manned ALS systems,for which the high operation and maintenance costs limits its application in small-scale archaeological *** this paper,we conducted an exploratory study on the application of the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)laser scanning(ULS)system in ancient micro-topography detection over wooded *** with manned ALS technology,we analyzed the advantages and potentials of ULS technology for archaeological *** we outlined existing mainstream survey-grade UAV-based laser scanners,data processing and visualization ***,we performed case studies in three cultural heritage sites in Zhejiang Province,China using two representative mainstream survey-grade ULS *** were then verified by an in-site ***,the correct selection of ULS devices,the planning of data acquisition missions and the use of appropriate data processing methods specifically for archaeological prospection were *** paper provides a cost-effective and flexible solution for micro-topography detection in wooded *** technology,as demonstrated here,can be an important supplement to existing archaeological investigation methods,particularly for small-scale areas,and has promising prospects in archaeological applications.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) light detection and ranging(LiDAR) archaeological prospection micro-topography mapping forest