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Characterization of MASDs of surface soils in north China and its influence on estimating dust emission

chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第20期49卷 2169-2176页

作者： mei fanmin1,{1.,{2., shen zhenxing1 & wang yaqiang1 1. state key laboratory of loess and quaternary geology, institute of earth environment, chinese academy of sciences, xian 710075, China 2. xian University of Engineering Science and Technology, xian 71.048, China state {1. {2. of {2. and quaternary geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi''an 710075 China Xi''an University of Engineering Science and Technology Xi''an 710048 China

The micro-aggregated size distribution (MASD) of surface soil is an important parameter for modelling dust emission. However, there is no dataset of MASDs of all sur-face soil types in north China. The MASDs are here pre-sented, measured by dry sieving, for typical surface soil sam-ples, including sandy soil, gravelly sand soil, gravelly loam soil, loam soil and silt loam soil, collected from sandy deserts, Gobi deserts, oases, farmlands in steppe regions and steppe areas in north China. The MASDs of various surface soil types exhibit a combination of several log-normal distribu-tions of five separated sizes with mean mass median diame-ters (MMDs) of 90, {1.0, 390, 600 and 980 mm, respectively, and mean standard deviations (SDs) of 1.{1., 1.40, 1.{1., 1.35 and 1.{1. respectively. The log-normal distributions corre-spond to very fine sand, fine sand, medium sand, coarse sand and very coarse sand population. On the basis of characteri-zation of the retrieved MASDs of various surface soil types in north China, dust emission fluxes are modelled by a dust production model (DPM model). It is shown that dust emis-sion has been significantly influenced by MASDs. Fine sand and very fine sand are always associated with the highest dust emission fluxes. Emission fluxes of the medium sand, gravelly sand soil, gravelly loam soil and loam soil are lower than those of very fine sand and fine sand, but larger than those of the coarse sand. The differences in dust emission fluxes vary among the different soil types from 1.1.to 1.3 mg·m-{1.s-1. Dust emission fluxes from sandy deserts and farmlands covered with sand sheets in north China rang from 1.1.to 1.4 mg·m-{1.s-1.while those from Gobi deserts, farmlands and steppes with gravelly desertification range from 1.1.to 1.{1.mg·m-{1. s-1. The modelled results indicate that deserts and farmlands with sand are the major dust sources in north China.

关键词：华北地区 MASDs 微块状粒度分布地面土壤粉尘排放壤土大气污染气溶胶

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