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Medication beliefs predict medication adherence in ambulatory patients with decompensated cirrhosis

World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2017年第40期23卷 7321-7331页

作者： Kelly L Hayward Patricia C Valery j.nnifer H Martin Antara Karmakar Preya j.Patel Leigh U Horsfall Caroline j.Tallis Katherine A stuart Penny L Wright David D Smith Katharine M Irvine Elizabeth E Powell W Neil Cottrell Pharmacy Department Princess Al-exandra Hospital The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Cancer and Chronic Disease Research Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of Medicine and Public Health The University of Newcastle The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital Statistics Unit QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland

AIM To investigate the impact of medication beliefs, illness perceptions and quality of life on medication adherence in people with decompensated *** One hundred adults with decompensated cirrhosis completed a structured questionnaire when they attended for routine outpatient hepatology review. Measures of self-reported medication adherence(Morisky Medication Adherence Scale), beliefs surrounding medications(Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire), perceptions of illness and medicines(Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), and quality of life(Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire) were examined. Clinical data were obtained via patient history and review of medical records. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and stepwise backwards regression techniques were used to construct the multivariable logistic regression model. Statistical significance was set at alpha = *** Medication adherence was " High " in 42 % o f participants, "Medium" in 37%, and "Low" in 21%. Compared to patients with "High" adherence, those with "Medium" or "Low" adherence were more likely to report difficulty affording their medications(P < 0.001), lower perception of treatment helpfulness(P = 0.003) and stronger medication concerns relative to medication necessity beliefs(P = 0.003). People with "Low" adherence also experienced greater symptom burden and poorer quality of life, including more frequent abdominal pain(P = 0.023), shortness of breath(P = 0.030), and emotional disturbances(P = 0.050). Multivariable analysis identified having stronger medication concerns relative to necessity beliefs(Necessity-Concerns Differential ≤ 5, OR = 3.66, 95%CI: 1.18-11.40) and more frequent shortness of breath(shortness of breath score ≤ 3, OR = 3.87,95%CI: 1.22-12.25) as independent predictors of "Low"*** The association between "Low" adherence and patients having strong concerns or doubting the necessity or helpfulness of their medications should be explor

关键词： Medication adherence Medication beliefs Illness perceptions Quality of life Liver cirrhosis

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Climate change and permafrost stability in the eastern Canada Cordillera:The results of 33 years of measurements

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2009年第5期1卷 381-403页

作者： stuart A.Harris Department of Geography University of Calgary

Over the last 33 years,a network of climate stations has been set up at high altitude mountain permafrost sites from Plateau Mountain near Claresholm,Alberta,north to Sheldon Lake on the North Canol Road in the *** together with the data from the US National Weather Service and the Canadian Atmospheric Environment Service,the results indicate a cooling of mean annual air temperature south of Calgary,no significant change in Calgary,a slight warming at j.sper,and a maj.r warming at Summit Lake,west of Fort *** contrast,the south eastern and central Yukon show only a minor warming trend that lies well within the limits of a sixty-year record measured by the Canadian Atmospheric Environment *** the Mackenzie valley and on the North Slope of Alaska,the mean annual air temperature is *** is aggrading on Plateau Mountain,degrading at Summit Lake,and appears to be stable in southern Yukon and southern *** is in contrast to the warming occurring on the Arctic coastal plain and along the Mackenzie *** therefore appears that changes in climate vary considera-bly from place to place,and even where warming may occur,it may not continue *** has been a northward shift of the arctic front due to a weakening of air pressure in the Yukon and Alaska relative to the continental tropical(cT) and maritime polar(mT) air masses to the *** actual changes that may be occurring appear to undergo amplification along the Mackenzie valley and Arctic coastal plain and reduction by buffering in the interior Yukon and Alaskan mountains,a result of mi-cro-environmental ***,careful monitoring of the climate is required and needs to be expanded in the National Parks in the mountains in order to provide data on the changes that may be taking *** measurements can provide a sound basis for interpreting ecological and other climate-related *** existing climate models are not working satisfactorily because w

关键词： permafrost stability long-term measurement climate change the Eastern Canada Cordillera

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Fit “n” Cool Kids: Effects of Peer-Modeling and Goal Setting on Physical Activity

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Open j.urnal of Preventive Medicine 2018年第4期8卷 85-94页

作者： j.ssyka N. Larson Timothy A. Brusseau Maria M. Newton stuart j. Fairclough Heidi Wengreen j.mes C. Hannon Department of Health Kinesiology & Recreation University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Department of Sport & Physical Activity Edge Hill University Ormskirk UK Department of Nutrition Dietetics and Food Sciences Utah State University Logan UT USA College of Education Health and Human Services Kent State University Kent OH USA

Background: Decreasing the risk of overweight and obesity from an early age is imperative and efforts should focus on fostering children’s physical activity (PA). Within school-based interventions, there is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of the use of character peer-modeling and goal setting to increase physical activity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a school-based intervention on PA and enj.yment of PA in grades 3 - 5 elementary school age children at two urban elementary schools. Methods: Participants were 95 students of 8 - 10 years old;activity monitors were used to assess physical activity. Daily physical activity and enj.yment was recorded at baseline, intervention, and at a 6-school-week follow-up. Results: PA significantly increased in the intervention school averaging 5549 steps at baseline, 5889 steps during the intervention, and 6515 during follow-up (p Conclusion: The Fit “n” Cool Kids intervention presents the potential of peer-modeling and goal setting for increasing PA at school. Continued interventions in schools may positively influence children’s healthy living patterns.

关键词： Health MVPA Physical Education School Health Youth

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Multiphase computed tomography radiomics of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms to predict malignancy

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2020年第24期26卷 3458-3471页

作者： stuart L Polk j.ng W Choi Melissa j.McGettigan Trevor Rose Abraham Ahmed j.ngphil Kim Kun j.ang Yoganand Balagurunathan j.n Qi Paola T Farah Alisha Rathi j.nnifer B Permuth Daniel j.ong University of South Florida College of Medicine TampaFL 33612United States Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFL 33612United States Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFL 33612United States Department of Anatomic Pathology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFL 33612United States Department of Cancer Physiology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFL 33612United States Department of Clinical Science H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFL 33612United States Department of Radiology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Cancer Epidemiology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFL 33612United States

BACKGROUND Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(IPMNs)are non-invasive pancreatic precursor lesions that can potentially develop into invasive pancreatic ductal ***,the International Consensus Guidelines(ICG)for IPMNs provides the basis for evaluating suspected IPMNs on computed tomography(CT)*** using the ICG,it remains challenging to accurately predict whether IPMNs harbor high grade or invasive disease which would warrant surgical resection.A supplementary quantitative radiological tool,radiomics,may improve diagnostic accuracy of radiological evaluation of *** hypothesized that using CT whole lesion radiomics features in conj.nction with the ICG could improve the diagnostic accuracy of predicting IPMN *** To evaluate whole lesion CT radiomic analysis of IPMNs for predicting malignant histology compared to International Consensus *** Fifty-one subj.cts who had pancreatic surgical resection at our institution with histology demonstrating IPMN and available preoperative CT imaging were included in this retrospective *** lesion semi-automated segmentation was performed on each preoperative CT using Healthmyne software(Healthmyne,Madison,WI).Thirty-nine relevant radiomic features were extracted from each lesion on each available contrast *** analysis of the 39 radiomics features was performed for each contrast phase and values were compared between malignant and benign IPMN groups using logistic *** quantitative and qualitative CT measurements were also compared between groups,viaχ2(categorical)and Mann Whitney U(continuous)*** Twenty-nine subj.cts(15 males,age 71±9 years)with high grade or invasive tumor histology comprised the"malignant"cohort,while 22 subj.cts(11 males,age 70±7 years)with low grade tumor histology were included in the"benign"*** analysis showed 18/39 precontrast,19/39 arterial phase,and 21/39 venous phase features

关键词： Radiomics Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Multiphase computed tomography Pancreas Oncology Pancreatic cancer

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The prediction of individual reproductive success in Short-tailed Shearwaters Puffinus tenuirostris

The prediction of individual reproductive success in Short-t...

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23rd International Ornithological Congress

作者： C.E.Meathrel j.stuart Bradley Biological Sciences Murdoch University Western Australia 6150 Biological Sciences Murdoch University Western Australia 6150

＜正＞ During a 55-year study of a small population of Short-tailed Shearwaters Puffinus tenuirostris, it has become evident that a relatively small proportion （10-25%） of individuals contribute most of the next generation. We have been unable to characterise these successful individuals in physical terms （e.g. their size, year or area of origin, parentage etc.）. Rather, such high quality individuals become identifiable during the early part of their

关键词： lifetime reproductive success survival age of first breeding mating information asymmetry

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美国电子政务发展战略分析及借鉴

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中共福建省委党校学报 2005年第2期 73-76页

作者：马连杰 j.ngpil Chung stuart j.Thorson 华中科技大学湖北武汉430074

文章从三个方面总结分析了美国电子政务的发展战略并提出了对我国的借鉴意义。文章首先分析了美国电子政务的战略目标是“以公民为中心”,指出其核心是促进政府改革、提高政府的公共服务能力;其次论述了美国的电子政务管理体制,统一协... 详细信息

文章从三个方面总结分析了美国电子政务的发展战略并提出了对我国的借鉴意义。文章首先分析了美国电子政务的战略目标是“以公民为中心”,指出其核心是促进政府改革、提高政府的公共服务能力;其次论述了美国的电子政务管理体制,统一协调的组织领导是推动电子政务建设的组织保证;然后分析了美国在法律、政策和实施项目方面推动电子政务建设的实施措施;最后结合我国电子政务发展的实际,指出了美国的经验对中国的借鉴意义并提出了初步的发展建议。

关键词：电子政务发展战略借鉴管理体制

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Triterpenoid inducers of Nrf2 signaling as potential therapeutic agents in sickle cell disease： a review

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第1期9卷 46-56页

作者： Amma Owusu-Ansah Sung Hee Choi Agne Petrosiute j.hn j. Letterio Alex Yee-Chen Huang Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Department of Pediatrics Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland OH 44106 USA The Angie Fowler Adolescent & Young Adult Cancer Institute at University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children 's Hospital Cleveland OH 44106 USA

Sickle cell disease （SCD） is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin in which the abnormal hemoglobin S polymerizes when deoxygenated. This polymerization of hemoglobin S not only results in hemolysis and vaso- occlusion but also precipitates inflammation, oxidative stress and chronic organ dysfunction. Oxidative stress is increasingly recognized as an important intermediate in these pathophysiological processes and is therefore an important target for therapeutic intervention. The transcription factor nuclear erythroid derived- 2 related factor 2 （Nrf2） controls the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes and is emerging as a protein whose function can be exploited with therapeutic intent. This review article is focused on triterpenoids that activate Nrf2, and their potential for reducing oxidative stress in SCD as an approach to prevent organ dysfunction associated with this disease. A brief overview of oxidative stress in the clinical context of SCD is accompanied by a discussion of several pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to oxidative stress. Finally, these mechanisms are then related to current management strategies in SCD that are either utilized currently or under evaluation. The article concludes with a perspective on the potential of the various therapeutic interventions to reduce oxidative stress and morbidity associated with SCD.

关键词： oxidative stress Nrf2 triterpenoids sickle cell disease vaso-occlusion CDDO-Me

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青少年体育活动中的目标定向和自我决定理论:年龄和性别的差异

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天津体育学院学报 2001年第3期16卷 10-14页

作者：孙延林 C.K.j.hn Wang stuart j.H.Biddle 天津体育学院实验中心天津300381 英国拉夫堡大学

以英格兰 82 4名初中生为调查对象 ,主要考察了在目标定向、行为调节、能力知觉和体育活动参与情况上的年龄和性别差异 ,并且采用动机变量预测校外体育活动参与情况。研究结果呈现出明显的性别差异 ,男生有较高的自我定向、自我决定动... 详细信息

以英格兰 82 4名初中生为调查对象 ,主要考察了在目标定向、行为调节、能力知觉和体育活动参与情况上的年龄和性别差异 ,并且采用动机变量预测校外体育活动参与情况。研究结果呈现出明显的性别差异 ,男生有较高的自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉。与此一致的结果是男生比女生更喜爱体育活动。对男生来说 ,自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉是参加体育活动的正相关预测指标 ,而任务定向和无动机与体育活动参与没有关系。对女生来说 ,任务定向和能力知觉能够积极预测体育活动参与情况。

关键词：动机青少年体育活动

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Rapid,high-resolution detection of environmental change over continental scales from satellite data–the Earth Observation Data Cube

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International j.urnal of Digital Earth 2016年第1期9卷 106-111页

作者： Adam Lewis Leo Lymburner Matthew B.j.Purss Brendan Brooke Ben Evans Alex Ip Arnold G.Dekker j.mes R.Irons stuart Minchin Norman Mueller Simon Oliver Dale Roberts Barbara Ryan Medhavy Thankappan Rob Woodcock Lesley Wyborn Geoscience Australia CanberraAustralia National Computational Infrastructure Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CanberraAustralia NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMDUSA Research School of Finance Actuarial Studies and Applied StatisticsANUCanberraAustralia The Group on Earth Observations Secretariate GenevaSwitzerland

The effort and cost required to convert satellite Earth Observation(EO)data into meaningful geophysical variables has prevented the systematic analysis of all available *** overcome these problems,we utilise an integrated High Performance Computing and Data environment to rapidly process,restructure and analyse the Australian Landsat data *** this approach,the EO data are assigned to a common grid framework that spans the full geospatial and temporal extent of the observations–the EO Data *** approach is pixel-based and incorporates geometric and spectral calibration and quality assurance of each Earth surface reflectance *** demonstrate the utility of the approach with rapid time-series mapping of surface water across the entire Australian continent using 27 years of continuous,25 m resolution *** preliminary analysis of the Landsat archive shows how the EO Data Cube can effectively liberate high-resolution EO data from their complex sensor-specific data structures and revolutionise our ability to measure environmental change.

关键词： Earth Observation Data Cube HPD HPC surface water Landsat Australia

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临床试验设计中普遍存在的几个问题

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国外医学(社会医学分册) 1986年第4期 240-244页

作者： stuart j.周少敏

近年来,在临床试验中使用统计方法虽有很大的改进,但在许多试验的设计与说明中仍存在大量实际问题。本文就许多试验中有关随机化、过分强调显著性检验以及样本大小不适当等三个统计学问题,举近期例子予以论述。第一个问题是随机化问题... 详细信息

近年来,在临床试验中使用统计方法虽有很大的改进,但在许多试验的设计与说明中仍存在大量实际问题。本文就许多试验中有关随机化、过分强调显著性检验以及样本大小不适当等三个统计学问题,举近期例子予以论述。第一个问题是随机化问题。许多试验是在没有对照的情况下进行的。在一些

关键词：显著性检验假设检验单侧检验单尾检验把握度检验效能复合维生素差异区间分析青霉胺解毒药随机化

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