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Differences in Physiological Age Affect Diagnosis of Nitrogen Deficiencies in Cornfields

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Pedosphere 2008年第5期18卷 545-553页

作者： j. ZHANG A. m. BLACKm.R T. m. BLACKm.R Statistical Consulting Center Wright State University 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway Dayton Ohio 45435 （USA）. Departm.nt of Agronom. Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 （USA） Iowa Soybean Association 4554 114th Street Urbandale Iowa 50322 （USA）

m.ny studies have shown that chlorophyll m.ter readings （Cm.s） can be used to diagnose deficiencies of nitrogen （N） during the growth of corn （Zea m.ys L.） in sm.ll-plot trials, but there is need to address additional problem. encountered when diagnoses are m.de in fields of the size m.naged in production agriculture. A noteworthy difference between sm.llplot trials and production agriculture is the extent to which the effects of N are confounded with the effects of other factors such as tillage, landscape, soil organic m.tter and m.isture content. We illustrate how som. of these factors can cause differences in the physiological age of plants and introduce errors in the diagnoses of N deficiencies. We suggest m.thods （m.asuring the height to the youngest leaf collar and assigning leaf num.ers by using the first leaf with pubescence and the ear leaf as references to identify growth stages） for m.nim.zing these errors. The sim.lified m.thod of growth stage identification can be used to select appropriate plants and leaves for m.king diagnoses in fields and to distinguish the effects of N from.the effects of other factors that influence plant growth.

关键词： chlorophyll corn (Zea m.ys L.) nitrogen deficiency physiological age

Structural and functional roles of ether lipids

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Protein & Cell 2018年第2期9卷 196-206页

作者： j.hn m. Dean Irfan j. Lodhi Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Lipid Research Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis MO 63110 USA

Ether lipids, such as plasm.logens, are peroxisom.- derived glycerophospholipids in which the hydrocarbon chain at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone is attached by an ether bond, as opposed to an ester bond in the m.re com.on diacyl phospholipids. This seem. ingly sim.le biochem.cal change has profound structural and functional im.lications. Notably, the tendency of ether lipids to form.non-lam.llar inverted hexagonal structures in m.del m.m.ranes suggests that they have a role in facilitating m.m.rane fusion processes. Ether lipids are also im.ortant for the organization and stability of lipid raft m.crodom.ins, cholesterol-rich m.m.rane regions involved in cellular signaling. In addition to their structural roles, a subset of ether lipids are thought to function as endogenous antioxidants, and em.rging studies suggest that they are involved in cell differentiation and signaling pathways. Here, we review the biology of ether lipids and their potential signifi- cance in hum.n disorders, including neurological diseases, cancer, and m.tabolic disorders.

关键词： ether lipids plasm.logen phospholipid peroxisom.s cancer m.tabolic disorders

Influence of free water availability on a desert carnivore and herbivore

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Current Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 121-129页

作者： Bryan m. KLUEVER Eric m. GESE Steven j. DEm.SEY Departm.nt of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA United States Departm.nt of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA

Anthropogenic m.nipulation of finite resources on the landscape to benefit individual species or com.unities is com.only em.loyed by conservation and m.nagem.nt agencies. One such action in arid regions is the construction and m.intenance of water developm.nts （i.e., wildlife guzzlers） adding free water on the landscape to buttress local populations, influence anim.l m.vem.nts, or af- fect distributions of certain species of interest. Despite their prevalence, the utility of wildlife guzzlers rem.ins largely untested. We em.loyed a before-after control-im.act （BACI） design over a 4-year period on the US Arm. Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, USA, to determ.ne whether water avaij.bility at wildlife guzzlers influenced relative abundance of black-tailed j.ckrabbits Lepus californicus and relative use of areas near that resource by coyotes Canis latrans, and whether coyote visitations to guzzlers would decrease following elim.nation of water. Elim.nating water availability at guzzlers did not influence j.ckrabbit relative abundance. Coyote relative use was im.acted by water availability, with elim.nation of water reducing use in areas associated with our treatm.nt, but not with areas associated with our control. Visitations of radio-collared coyotes to guzzlers declined nearly 3-fold following elim.nation of water. Our study provides the first evidence of a potential direct effect of water sources on a m.m.alian carnivore in an arid environm.nt, but the ecological relevance of our finding is debatable. Future investigations aim.d at determ.ning water effects on terrestrial m.m. m.ls could expand on our findings by incorporating m.nipulations of water availability, obtaining absolute estim.tes of population param.ters and vital rates and incorporating fine-scale spatiotem. poral data.

关键词： arid black-tailed j.ckrabbit Canis latrans coyote Lepus cafifornicus.

Surface Characterisation of Silicon Based m.m.

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Chem.cal Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 407-410页

作者： LI j. CUI Z m. A. Baker The Surface Analysis Laboratory School of Engineering University of SurreyRutherford Appleton LaboratoryThe Surface Analysis Laboratory School of Engineering University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH UKChilton Didcot UKGuildford GU2 7XH UK

Polysilicon m.croelectrom.chanical system.(m.m.) are the subj.ct of intensive researches. Surface chem.stry and topography of a m.m. test structure fabricated at Sandia National Laboratory, USA, were studied by m.ans of scanning electron m.croscopy(SEm., X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and atom.c force m.croscopy(AFm.. XPS C_ 1sand Si_ 2pspectra from.the polysilicon com.onents, silicon nitride substrate and a reference silicon wafer were com.ared. The results confirm.the presence of a self-assem.led m.nolayer(SAm. on the m.m. surface. An island-like m.rphology was found on both polysilicon and silicon nitride surfaces of the m.m.. The islands take the form.of caps, being up to 0.5 μm.in diam.ter and 20 nm.in height. It is concluded that the co-existence of colum.ar growth and equiaxed growth during the low pressure chem.cal vapor deposition(LPCVD) of these layers leads to the observed m.rphology and the islands are caps to the colum.ar structures.

关键词： m.croelectrom.chanical system. XPS Atom.c force m.croscopy

m.trology for sub-Rayleigh-length target positioning in~10^(22)W/cm.(2)laser-plasm. experim.nts

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 90-105页

作者： E.A.Vishnyakov A.Sagisaka K.Ogura T.Zh.Esirkepov B.Gonzalez-Izquierdo C.D.Arm.trong T.A.Pikuz S.A.Pikuz W.Yan T.m.j.ong S.Singh P.Hadj.solom.u O.Finke G.m.Grittani m.Nevrkla C.m.Lazzarini A.Velyhan T.Hayakawa Y.Fukuda j.K.Koga m.Ishino K.Kondo Y.m.yasaka A.Kon m.Nishikino Y.V.Nosach D.Khikhlukha I.P.Tsygvintsev D.Kum.r j.Nej.l D.m.rgarone P.V.Sasorov S.Weber m.Kando H.Kiriyam. Y.Kato G.Korn K.Kondo S.V.Bulanov T.Kawachi A.S.Pirozhkov ELI Beam.ines Facility The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolníBrežanyCzech Republic Kansai Institute for Photon Science(KPSI) QSTKyotoJapan Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratorySTFCHarwell OxfordDidcotUK Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan HB11 Energy Holdings FreshwaterAustralia Key Laboratory for Laser Plasm.s(m.nistry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Plasm. Physics ASCR PragueCzech Republic FZU-Institute of Physics ASCR PragueCzech Republic Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPragueCzech Republic Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyivUkraine ISTEQ AR YerevanArmenia

Tight focusing with very sm.ll f-num.ers is necessary to achieve the highest at-focus ***,tight focusing im.oses strong dem.nds on precise target positioning in-focus to achieve the highest on-target irradiance We describe several near-infrared,visible,ultraviolet and soft and hard X-ray diagnostics em.loyed in a~10^(22)W/cm.(2)laser±plasm. *** used nearly 10 j.total energy fem.osecond laser pulses focused into an approxim.tely1.3-μm.focal spot on 5±20μm.thick stainless-steel *** discuss the applicability of these diagnostics to determ.ne the best in-focus target position with approxim.tely 5μm.accuracy(i.e.,around half of the short Rayleigh length)and show that several diagnostics(in particular,3ωreflection and on-axis hard X-rays)can ensure this *** dem.nstrated target positioning within several m.crom.ters from.the focus,ensuring over 80%of the ideal peak laser intensity *** approach is relatively fast(it requires 10±20 laser shots)and does not rely on the coincidence of low-power and high-power focal planes.

关键词： laser-plasm. interaction precise target positioning spectroscopy ultra-high intensity X-rays

Perform.nce and calibration of quark/gluon-j.t taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.j. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorm. H. Abram.wicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam.Bourdarios L. Adam.zyk S.V. Addepalli m.j. Addison j. Adelm.n A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik m.N. Agaras j. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahm.d F. Ahm.dov W.S. Ahm.d S. Ahuj. X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot m. Ait Tam.ihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg m. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akim.v D. Akiyam. N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi j. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt m. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi m. Algren m. Alhroob B. Ali H.m.j. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus m. Aliev G. Alim.nti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.m.m. Allbrooke j.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani m. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez m. Alves Cardoso m.G. Alviggi m. Aly Y. Am.ral Coutinho A. Am.ler C. Am.lung m. Am.rl C.G. Am.s D. Am.dei S.P. Am.r Dos Santos K.R. Am.s V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen j.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angeram. A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel m.T. Anthony E. Antipov m. Antonelli F. Anulli m. Aoki T. Aoki j.A. Aparisi Pozo m.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.j. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena j.F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos j.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah j. Assahsah K. Assam.gan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.j. Atkin m. Atkinson H. Atm.ni P.A. Atm.siddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backm.n A. Badea P. Bagnaia m. Bahm.ni A.j. Bailey V.R. Bailey j.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubram.nian E.m. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.m. Baltes W.K. Balunas j. Balz E. Banas m. Bandieram.nte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak m. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis m. Barbero m.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari m.S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron m. The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of j.ts originating from.quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an im.ortant role in various analyses perform.d at the Large Hadron Collider,as Standard m.del m.asurem.nts and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the m.asurem.nt of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated lum.nosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS *** taggers with high perform.nces in rej.cting j.ts from.gluon over j.ts from.quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirem.nts on the num.er of inner-detector tracks associated with the j.t,and the other com.ines several j.t substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A m.thod is established to determ.ne the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsam.les defined by the j.t *** in tagging efficiency between data and sim.lation are provided for j.ts with transverse m.m.ntum.between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for m.ltiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS j.T QUARK GLUON TAGGING

Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheim.r's disease:em.rging roles of thalam.c reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert j.Thom.s m.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Departm.nt of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulm.nary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheim.r 's disease(AD) is a com.on neurodegenerative disorder and the prim.ry cause of dem.ntia. Considerable evidence supports the “am.loid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is prim.rily caused by the deposition of am.loid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflam.ation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The am.loid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and m.derate benefit of lecanem.b, a hum.nized antibody through an anti-am.loid m.chanism.showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-am.loid trials have brought back focus on the am.loid hypothesis through biochem.cal, genetic, and pharm.cological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheim.r inflam.ation hypothesis

Blood m.tal concentrations and cardiac structure and function in total j.int arthroplasty patients

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World j.urnal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 773-782页

作者： Peter C Brennan Stephanie m.Peterson Thom.s j.O'Byrne m.riana L Laporta Cody C Wyles Paul j.j.nnetto Garvan C Kane m.ria Vassilaki Hilal m.radit Krem.rs Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Departm.nt of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Departm.nt of Anesthesiology and Perioperative m.dicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Departm.nt of Laboratory m.dicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Departm.nt of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND There is concern regarding potential long-term.cardiotoxicity with system.c distribution of m.tals in total j.int arthroplasty(Tj.)*** To determ.ne the association of com.only used im.lant m.tals with echocardiographic m.asures in Tj. *** The study com.rised 110 Tj. patients who had a recent history of high chrom.um.cobalt or titanium.*** underwent two-dim.nsional,three-dim.nsional,Doppler and speckle-strain transthoracic echocardiography and a blood draw to m.asure m.tal *** and sex-adj.sted linear and logistic regression m.dels were used to exam.ne the association of m.tal concentrations(exposure)with echocardiographic m.asures(outcom.).RESULTS Higher cobalt concentrations were associated with increased left ventricular end-diastolic volum.(estim.te 5.09;95%CI:0.02-10.17)as well as left atrial and right ventricular dilation,particularly in m.n but no changes in cardiac *** titanium.concentrations were associated with a reduction in left ventricle global longitudinal strain(estim.te 0.38;95%CI:0.70 to 0.06)and cardiac index(estim.te 0.08;95%CI,-0.15 to-0.01).CONCLUSION Elevated cobalt and titanium.concentrations m.y be associated with structural and functional cardiac changes in som. *** studies are warranted to better understand the system.c effects of m.tals in Tj. patients.

关键词： Total j.int arthroplasty m.tal-on-m.tal Cardiotoxicity Heart failure Echocardiography Cobalt

In vivo fem.osecond laser nanosurgery of the cell wall enabling patch-clam. m.asurem.nts on filam.ntous fungi

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m.crosystem. & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 251-267页

作者： Tanj. Paj.ć Katarina Stevanović Nataša V.Todorović Aleksandar j.Krm.ot m.roslav Živić Svetlana Savić-Šević Steva m.Lević m.rina Stanić Dej.n Pantelić Brana j.lenković m.hailo D.Rabasović Institute of Physiology and Biochem.stry“Ivan Dj.j.” Faculty of BiologyUniversity of BelgradeStudentski trg 1611158BelgradeSerbia Institute for Biological Research“Siniša Stanković” University of BelgradeNational Institute of the Republic of SerbiaBulevar Despota Stefana 14211000BelgradeSerbia Institute of Physics Belgrade University of BelgradeNational Institute of the Republic of SerbiaPregrevica 11811080BelgradeSerbia University of Belgrade Faculty of AgricultureNemanjina Street 611080BelgradeSerbia Institute for m.ltidisciplinary Research University of BelgradeKneza Višeslava 111030BelgradeSerbia

Studying the m.m.rane physiology of filam.ntous fungi is key to understanding their interactions with the environm.nt and crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies for disease-causing ***,their plasm. m.m.rane has been inaccessible for a m.cron-sized patch-clam. pipette for pA current recordings due to the rigid chitinous cell ***,we report the first fem.osecond IR laser nanosurgery of the cell wall of the filam.ntous fungi,which enabled patch-clam. m.asurem.nts on protoplasts released from.hyphae.A reproducible and highly precise(diffraction-lim.ted,subm.cron resolution)m.thod for obtaining viable released protoplasts was *** release from.the nanosurgery-generated incisions in the cell wall was achieved from.different regions of the *** plasm. m.m.rane of the obtained protoplasts form.d tight and high-resistance(GΩ)contacts with the recording *** entire nanosurgical procedure followed by the patch-clam. technique could be com.leted in less than 1 *** to previous studies using heterologously expressed channels,this technique provides the opportunity to identify new ionic currents and to study the properties of the ion channels in the protoplasts of filam.ntous fungi in their native environm.nt.

关键词： patch recording laser