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Production of Wood Fibers from Thermally Treated Wood

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第5期18卷 1427-1439页

作者： maximilien Gibier Pierre Girods Yann Rogaume Universitéde Lorraine INRAELERMABERBEEpinalF-88000France

The reduction of the hygroscopicity of wood fibers was investigated through a Thermal Treatment(TT)on wood chips performed before the defibering *** TT and defibering tests were both carried out on a continuous pilot at semi-industrial *** thermal treatment study of wood chips,equivalent to a low temperature pyrolysis,was achieved for four conditions(280°C–320°C)for a duration of 10 *** quantification of solids,condensables and gases(FTIR)at the outcome of the thermal treatment allowed to achieve the mass balances for each *** increase of the reactor temperature from 280°C to 320°C leads to a lower solid yield(94%–82%)while gaseous(1%–3.8%)and condensable(3%–11%)products increase *** treated wood samples were afterwards successfully defibered in different conditions to produce suitable fibers for insulation panel *** aim of the study is also to evaluate the effects of the TT on the lowering of energy consumption necessary for the defibering process while producing good quality *** consumption during defibering process shows a significant decrease with the increase the TT *** morphology is affected by TT and the morphological quality of the fibers decreases as TT severity *** mass percentage of dust was also quantified as a quality marker of produced *** of equilibrium moisture(at 20°C and 65%RH)of the different materials(wood chips before and after TT,produced fibers)show a significant effect of the TT on wood chips hygroscopicity(8.2%for untreated wood to 4.1%for TT at 320°C).However,the effect of the TT on the hygroscopicity reduction of thermally treated wood fibers is drastically less significant due to breaking of the wood structure during defibering process.

关键词： Wood fibers thermal treatment defibering process hygroscopicity energy consumption fibers properties improvement

Parallel personal measurements of diesel engine exhaust and crystalline silica using dual sampling port

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第3期30卷 313-319页

作者： Alan Fleck Caroline Couture Virginie Cabelguen Patrick Eddy Ryan Ross Thuot Guillaume Lachapelle Hugo Coulombe maximilien Debia Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of MontrealMontreal H3T 1A8Canada Health and Safety Agnico Eagle MinesToronto M5C 2Y7Canada Health and Safety Westwood Mine(IAMGOLD)Preissac J0Y 2E0Canada

Diesel engine exhaust(DEE) and crystalline silica exposures occur simultaneously in the mining industry,and occupational sampling campaigns can be time-and cost-consuming. The authors evaluated a dualport system for simultaneous sampling of DEE and crystalline silica in laboratory and field *** tests evaluated the operation of pumps during 8 h sampling and the intensity of the flow variation for various filter loading conditions and for different modes of operation. Field validation was performed in an underground mine. Pumps operated in constant flow or constant pressure *** in constant flow mode showed that when the flowrate increased on one side of the system, it decreased on the opposite side according to the loading intensity. Tests in constant pressure mode showed that flowrates systematically decreased when using loaded cassettes. However, the higher the backpressure setting, the lower the flow variation was. Flow variations during field tests were generally within the acceptable ±5% range. However, significant flow variations were identified in higher concentrations. A significant negative correlation was found between flowrate variation and total carbon concentration. While the majority of tests support the use of the dual-port for evaluating concomitant exposures, results highlight the possibility of filter overloading as a cause of flowrate changes.

关键词： Crystalline silica Diesel engine exhaust Dual-port Mining Monitoring

Diesel engine exhaust exposures in two underground mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第4期27卷 641-645页

作者： Debia maximilien Couture Caroline Njanga Pierre-Eric Neesham-Grenon Eve Lachapelle Guillaume Coulombe Hugo Hallé Stéphane Aubin Simon Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health Universite de Montreal 2375 chemin de la Cote Ste-Catherine Montreal H3T IA8 Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering F.cole de Technologie Superieure 1100 rue Notre-Dame Ouest Montreal H3C 1K3 Canada Health and Safety Agnico Eagie Mines 145 King Street East Suite 400 Toronto MSC 2Y7 Canada Health and Safety Westwood Mine (IAMGOLD) Chemin Arthur Doyon PreissacJOY 2EO Canada Institut de recherche Robert-Sauve en sante et en securite du travail (IRSST) 505 Boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest Montreal H3A 3C2 Canada

Exposure to diesel engine exhaust(DE) is a major concern in underground mines. It has been linked to cardiopulmonary diseases and is classified as a human carcinogen. The goal of this study is to assess DE exposures in workers at two underground gold mines, to compare exposure levels within and between the mines, and to compare different methods of measuring DE exposures, namely respirable combustible dust(RCD), elemental carbon(EC) and total carbon(TC). Ambient and personal breathing zone(PBZ) measurements were taken. Side-by-side monitoring of RCD and of the respirable fraction of EC and TC(EC_Rand TC_R) was carried out in the workers' breathing zone during full-shift *** ambient measurements, in addition to EC_R, TC_Rand RCD, a submicron aerosol fraction(less than 1 mm) of EC and TC was also sampled(EC_1and TC_1). Average ambient results of 240 mg/m^3 in RCD, 150 mg/m^3 in EC_Rand 210 mg/m^3 in TC_Rare obtained. Average PBZ results of 190 mg/m^3 in RCD,84 mg/m^3 in EC3Rand 150 mg/min TC_Rare obtained. Very good correlation is found between EC_Rand EC_1 with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.99(p < 0.01) calculated between the two logtransformed concentrations. No differences are reported between EC_Rand EC_1, nor between TC_Rand TC_1, since ratios are equal to 1.04, close to 1, in both cases. Highest exposures are reported for loadhaul-dump(LHD) and jumbo drill operators and conventional miners. Significant exposure differences are reported between mines for truck and LHD operators(p < 0.01). The average TC_R/EC_Rratio is 1.6 for PBZ results, and 1.3 for ambient results. The variability observed in the TC_R/EC_Rratio shows that interferences from non-diesel related organic carbon can skew the interpretation of results when relying only on TC data.

关键词： Diesel exposure Underground mine Respirable combustible dust Elemental carbon Total carbon Diesel particulate matter Similar exposure groups

Low Cost Filtration of Domestic Wastewater for Irrigation Purpose

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2018年第3期6卷 585-602页

作者： Kiemde maximilien Sosthene Narcisse Gahi Department of Civil Engineering Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation (PAUSTI) Hosted by Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Juja Kenya IRC-Burkina University of Reading (UoR) British Geological Survey (BGS) London UK

Water scarcity in developing countries has forced farmers to use sewage as an alternative source of irrigation water. However, the usage of sewage for vegetable production has been known to cause excessive and often-unbalanced addition of nutrients hence posing a threat to food safety. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of slow sand filter and wetland plant in domestic wastewater treatment. To achieve this objective, samples were collected from the domestic wastewater collection pond within Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT). Laboratory tests were conducted on the collected samples and they revealed the presence of BOD, DO, pH, TDS, Sulfates, Chloride, Turbidity, Salinity, Conductivity, Alkalinity?and Coliform;whose values varied when compared with that of the parameters for standard irrigation water. This gave insight to the kind of treatments and filtration medium that were required to transform domestic wastewater into water fit for irrigation. A slow sand filter bed was designed and constructed using precisely six samples materials;sand, sand and wetland plants, gravel, gravel and wetland plants, mixture of gravel and sand, mixture of gravel and sand with wetland plants. These materials were used to identify the chemical and biological changes in domestic wastewater within a seven-day period. The water collected from the slow sand filter was tested, results showed that, of all six samples, slow sand filter using the mixture of gravel, sand with wetland plants had an average percentage efficient of 90% in removing all impurities from domestic wastewater thereby turning it into water suitable for irrigation. It is hoped that this study will provide a safe, easy, eco-friendly and cheap method of wastewater treatment while ensuring the sustainability of wastewater for irrigation and the expansion of green spaces in urban and peri-urban areas.

关键词： Domestic Wastewater Irrigation Water Slow Sand Filter

How botulinum toxin in neurogenic detrusor overactivity can reduce upper urinary tract damage?

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World Journal of Nephrology 2016年第2期5卷 195-203页

作者： maximilien Baron Philippe Grise Jean-Nicolas Cornu Department of Urology Rouen University Hospital

Intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin are the cornerstone of medical treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity. The primary aim of this treatment is to ensure a low pressure regimen in the urinary bladder, but the mechanisms leading to long-term protection of the urinary tract remain poorly understood. In this paper, we highlight the potential benefts of intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin regarding local effects on the bladder structures, urinary tract infections, stone disease, vesico ureteral refux, hydronephrosis, renal function based on a comprehensive literature review.

关键词： Botulinum toxin Urinary tract infection Kidney function Neurogenic detrusor overactivity Hydronephrosis Urolithiasis

Gastric emptying evaluation by ultrasound prior colonoscopy:An easy tool following bowel preparation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第37期20卷 13591-13598页

作者： Romain Coriat Vanessa Polin Ammar Oudjit Franck Henri Marion Dhooge Sarah Leblanc Chantal Delchambre Anouk Esch Tessa Tabouret maximilien Barret Frédéric Prat Stanislas Chaussade Gastroenterology unit and endoscopy unit Université Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéFaculté de MédecineH?pital CochinAssistance Publique?pitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Radiology Department H?pital CochinAssistance Publique-H?pitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Laboratoires Mayoly Spindler

AIM: To investigate the gastric emptying after bowel preparation to allow general anaesthesia.

关键词： Colonoscopy Preparation Ultrasound Gastric emptying

Therapeutic ACPA inhibits NET formation: a potential therapy for neutrophil-mediated inflammatory diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1528-1544页

作者： Renato G.S.Chirivi Jos W.Gvan Rosmalen Maarten van der Linden maximilien Euler Gonny Schmets Galina Bogatkevich Konstantinos Kambas Jonas Hahn Quinte Braster Oliver Soehnlein Markus H.Hoffmann Helmuth H.Gvan Es Jos M.H.Raats ModiQuest B.V. OssThe Netherlands Citryll B.V. OssThe Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital ErlangenErlangenGermany Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology and ImmunologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Laboratory of Molecular Hematology Democritus University of ThraceAlexandroupoliGreece Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention(IPEK) Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunichGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Research(DZHK) Partner Site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden

Excessive release of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)is associated with disease severity and contributes to tissue injury,followed by severe organ *** or genetic inhibition of NET release reduces pathology in multiple inflammatory disease models,indicating that NETs are potential therapeutic ***,we demonstrate using a preclinical basket approach that our therapeutic anti-citrullinated protein antibody(tACPA)has broad therapeutic *** with tACPA prevents disease symptoms in various mouse models with plausible NET-mediated pathology,including inflammatory arthritis(IA),pulmonary fibrosis,inflammatory bowel disease and *** show that citrulline residues in the N-termini of histones 2A and 4 are specific targets for therapeutic intervention,whereas antibodies against other N-terminal post-translational histone modifications have no therapeutic *** citrullinated histones are generated during NET release,we investigated the ability of tACPA to inhibit NET *** suppressed NET release from human neutrophils triggered with physiologically relevant human disease-related ***,tACPA diminished NET release and potentially initiated NET uptake by macrophages in vivo,which was associated with reduced tissue damage in the joints of a chronic arthritis mouse model of *** our knowledge,we are the first to describe an antibody with NET-inhibiting properties and thereby propose tACPA as a drug candidate for NET-mediated inflammatory diseases,as it eliminates the noxious triggers that lead to continued inflammation and tissue damage in a multidimensional manner.

关键词： Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Autoimmunity Citrullination Therapeutic Antibody NET inhibition

Bladder-colon chronic cross-sensitization involves neuro-glial pathways in male mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第48期28卷 6935-6949页

作者： Karim Atmani Fabien Wuestenberghs maximilien Baron Illona Bouleté Charlène Guérin Wafa Bahlouli David Vaudry Jean Claude do Rego Jean-Nicolas Cornu Anne-Marie Leroi Moïse Coëffier Mathieu Meleine Guillaume Gourcerol Nutrition Gut and Brain Unit(Inserm U1073)Institute for Research and Innovation in BiomedicineUniversitéde Rouen NormandieRouen 76000France Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology UniversitéCatholique de LouvainCHU UCL NamurYvoir 5530Belgium Department of Physiology CHU RouenUniversitéde Rouen NormandieRouen 76031France Department of Urology CHU RouenUniversitéde Rouen NormandieRouen 76000France Inserm UMR 1245Team Epigenetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental DisordersUniversitéde Rouen NormandieRouen 76000France Behavioural Analysis Platform(SCAC) HeRacLeS Inserm US51-CNRS UAR2026Institute for Research and Innovation in BiomedicineUniversitéde Rouen NormandieRouen 76000France Department of Nutrition CHU RouenUniversitéde Rouen NormandieRouen 76000France Inserm U1107 NeuroDolClermont Auvergne UniversityClermont-Ferrand 63000France

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome and bladder pain syndrome often overlap and are both characterized by visceral *** pelvic organs share common sensory pathways,it is likely that those syndromes involve a cross-sensitization of the bladder and the *** precise pathophysiology remains poorly *** To develop a model of chronic bladder-colon cross-sensitization and to investigate the mechanisms *** Chronic cross-organ visceral sensitization was obtained in C57BL/6 mice using ultrasound-guided intravesical injections of acetic acid under brief isoflurane *** sensitivity was assessed in conscious mice by measuring intracolonic pressure during isobaric colorectal ***,used as a marker of colorectal inflammation,was measured in the colon,and colorectal permeability was measured using chambers.c-Fos protein expression,used as a marker of neuronal activation,was assessed in the spinal cord(L6-S1 level)using *** fluorescent protein on the fractalkine receptor-positive mice were used to identify and count microglia cells in the L6-S1 dorsal horn of the spinal *** expression of NK1 receptors and MAPK-p38 were quantified in the spinal cord using western *** Visceral hypersensitivity to colorectal distension was observed after the intravesical injection of acetic acid vs saline(P<0.0001).This effect started 1 h post-injection and lasted up to 7 d *** increased permeability or inflammation was shown in the bladder or colon 7 d *** hypersensitivity was associated with the increased expression of c-Fos protein in the spinal cord(P<0.0001).In green fluorescent protein on the fractalkine receptor-positive mice,intravesical acetic acid injection resulted in an increased number of microglia cells in the L6-S1 dorsal horn of the spinal cord(P<0.0001).NK1 receptor and MAPK-p38 levels were increased in the spinal cord up to 7 d after

关键词： Cross-organ sensitization MAPK-p38 Microglia NK1 receptor Pain Visceral hypersensitivity

DVB-S2：Newtec新产品部署卫星业界

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数字通信世界 2005年第8期 38-39页

作者： maximilien d＇Oreye de lantremange Newtec公司

在全球各地,几乎每个与卫星通信有关的广播、电信、交互式系统等新项目皆以DVB-S2作为关键要求之一.

关键词： DVB-S2 卫星通信部署产品交互式系统设备