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Microstructure transformations and improving wear resistance of austenitic stainless steel additively fabricated by arc-based DED process

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 194-204页

作者： Ashish Yadav Manu Srivastava Prashant k.Jain Sandeep Rathee Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Laboratory Mechanical Engineering DepartmentPDPM Indian Institute of Information TechnologyDesign&ManufacturingJabalpur482005Madhya PradeshIndia FFF Laboratory Mechanical Engineering DepartmentPDPM Indian Institute of Information TechnologyDesign&ManufacturingJabalpur482005Madhya PradeshIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologySrinagarIndia

In this study, austenitic stainless steel(ASS) was additively fabricated by an arc-based direct energy deposition(DED) technique. Macrostructure, microstructure, mechanical characteristics at different spatial orientations(0°, 90°, and 45°), and wear characteristics were evaluated at the deposited structure top, middle, and bottom regions. Results show that austenite(γ) and delta-ferrite(δ) phases make up most of the microstructure of additively fabricated SS316LSi steel. Within γ matrix, δ phase is dispersed both(within and along) grain boundaries, exhibiting a fine vermicular morphology. The bottom, middle,and top regions of WAAM deposited ASS exhibit similar values to those of wrought SS316L in the tensile and impact test findings. Notably, a drop in hardness values is observed as build height increases. During SEM examinations of fractured surfaces from tensile specimen, closed dimples were observed, indicating good ductility of as-built structure. Wear test findings show signs of mild oxidation and usual adhesive wear. By depositing a mechanically mixed composite layer, an increase in the oxidation percentage was discovered to facilitate healing of worn surfaces. The findings of this study will help in design, production and renovation of products/components that are prone to wear. WAAM-deposited ASS has remarkable strength and ability to withstand impacts;it can be used in the production of armour plates for defence applications, mainly military vehicles and aircraft.

关键词： Metal additive deposition Defence applications Arc-based DED Characterization Wear behaviour Fractography

Assessing the biennial conference on science and technology(BICoST IX)2023 technical output on renewable energy,energy storage,and green hydrogen in line with UN SDG commitments

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： S.k.B.D.Silva k.G.D.Piyumali Rasitha Thilini Suranjana Perera k.D.k.G.kaluarachchi Thilini Munagamage R.M.R.Ahammed C.S.P.Piyankarage Seyed Shahmy Veranja karunaratne National Science and Technology Commission of Sri Lanka ColomboSri Lanka Sri Lanka Technological Campus(SLTC) PadukkaSri Lanka University of Peradeniya PeradeniyaSri Lanka

The development,production and utilization of renewable energy,energy storage and green hydrogen and the associated technologies in Sri Lanka have great potential to contribute to the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).The island aims to achieve 70%electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2030(within the target of 40%utilization of renewable energy sources for the entire energy generation of the country by 2030).The power sector has to invest US$11 billion from 2023 to 2030 to contribute to reaching this *** commentary aims to provide a critical perspective on the recommendations of the report from the National Science and Technology Commission’s 9th biennial conference in 2023 on science and technology,the sub-thematic technical report on clean energy,energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the SDGs in the Sri Lankan *** technical report provides insightful recommendations for Sri Lanka’s energy sector under three main sections:renewable energy,energy storage and green ***,it explores the potential of various renewable energy sources,energy storage systems and green hydrogen as sustainable solutions to address the country’s energy challenges while emphasizing the spillover effects of them,which could contribute to the enterprise’s job creation and uplift the economy.

关键词： renewable energy energy storage green hydrogen sustainable development goals Sri Lanka social economic environmental sustainable affordable

Evaluation of slope stability through rock mass classification and kinematic analysis of some major slopes along NH-1A from Ramban to Banihal, North Western Himalayas

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit Jaiswal A.k.Verma T.N.Singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

The network of Himalayan roadways and highways connects some remote regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vital for India’s socio-economic *** to natural and artificial factors,frequency of slope instabilities along the networks has been increasing over last few *** of stability of natural and artificial slopes due to construction of these connecting road networks is significant in safely executing these roads throughout the *** rock mass classification methods are generally used to assess the strength and deformability of rock *** study assesses slope stability along the NH-1A of Ramban district of North Western *** structurally and non-structurally controlled rock mass classification systems have been applied to assess the stability conditions of 14 *** evaluating the stability of these slopes,kinematic analysis was performed along with geological strength index(GSI),rock mass rating(RMR),continuous slope mass rating(CoSMR),slope mass rating(SMR),and Q-slope in the present *** SMR gives three slopes as completely unstable while CoSMR suggests four slopes as completely *** stability of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart under dynamic and static conditions by slope stability rating(SSR)for the factor of safety(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respectively.Q-slope with probability of failure(PoF)1%gives two slopes as stable *** slope angle has been determined based on the Q-slope safe angle equation and SSR design chart based on the *** value ranges given by different empirical classifications were RMR(37-74),GSI(27.3-58.5),SMR(11-59),and CoSMR(3.39-74.56).Good relationship was found among RMR&SSR and RMR&GSI with correlation coefficient(R 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,***,a comparative stability of all these slopes based on the above classification has been performed to identify the most critical slope along this road.

关键词： Rock mass classification kinematic analysis Slope stability Himalayan road Static and dynamic conditions

Near resonance vibration isolation on a levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped system by differential preloads/offsets in linear springs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1033-1050页

作者： T.I.ToLUWALoJU C.k.THEIN D.HALIM Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped system attains near resonant vibration isolation by differential preloads/offsets in linear *** takes the advantages of both the preloads/offsets in linear springs and the guiderail friction for realizing different levels of vibration *** isolation capacities are investigated on the strategies with both the horizontal and vertical guiderails,with the horizontal rail only,and without *** compressive preloads generally result in the consumption of most of the initial excitation energy so as to overcome the potential *** isolation onsets at the frequency ratio of 1∓0.095 on the left-hand side(LHS)and the right-hand side(RHS)of the lever are relative to the load plate *** observed near resonant isolation thus makes the LEDAR system a candidate for the isolation of the mechanical systems about resonance while opening a path for simultaneous harvesterisolation functions and passive functions at extreme frequencies.

关键词： lever ratio Coulomb damping preload tension/compression isolation band/depth offset potential

Chemical short-range-order induced multiscale strengthening in refractory medium entropy alloys

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第6期40卷 41-49页

作者： Weizheng Lu Yang Chen Jia Li Peter k.Liaw Qihong Fang State key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA

High/medium entropy alloys(H/MEAs)are generally possible to exhibit chemical short-range order(SRo).However,the complex role of SRo on mechanical properties from nano-scale to meso-scale is still challenging so ***,we study the strengthening mechanism and deformation behavior in a model body-centered-cubic HfNbTa MEA by using atomic-scale molecular dynamics,micro-scale dislocation dynamics,and meso-scale crystal plasticity finite *** SRo inhibits dislocation nucleation at the atomic scale,improving the flow *** SRo-induced ultrastrong local stress fluctuation greatly improves the micro-scale dislocation-based strength by the significant dislocation forest ***,the Ta-rich locally ordered structure leads to an obvious heterogeneous strain and stress partitioning,which forms a strong strain gradient in the adjacent grain interiors and contributes to the strong back-stress-induced strain hardening.

关键词： High/medium entropy alloys Multiscale strengthening Chemical short-range order

Advancements in nanotechnology for the delivery of phytochemicals

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 385-398页

作者： Divya Chauhan Pavan k.Yadav Nazneen Sultana Arun Agarwal Saurabh Verma Manish k.Chourasia Jiaur R.Gayen Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Central Drug Research InstituteCouncil of Scientific and Industrial ResearchLucknow 226031Uttar PradeshIndia Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad 201002Uttar PradeshIndia

Phytosomes(phytophospholipid complex) are dosage forms that have recently been introduced to increase the stability and therapeutic effect of herbal medicine. Currently, bioactive herbs and the phytochemicals they contain are considered to be the best remedies for chronic diseases. one promising approach to increase the efficacy of plant-based therapies is to improve the stability and bioavailability of their bio-active ingredients. Phytosomes employ phospholipids as their active ingredients, and use their amphiphilic properties to solubilize and protect herbal extracts. The unique properties of phospholipids in drug delivery and their use in herbal medicines to improve bioavailability results in significantly enhanced health benefits. The introduction of phytosome nanotechnology can alter and revolutionize the current state of drug delivery. The goal of this review is to explain the application of phytosomes, their future prospects in drug delivery, and their advantages over conventional formulations.

关键词： Phytochemical Bioavailability Drug delivery system Phytosome Plant extracts

Juxtapose of System Performance for Food Calorie Estimation Using IoT and Web-based Indagation

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第1期31卷 54-63页

作者： Anusuya S Sharmila k Department of Computer Science VISTASChennai 600117India Department of Computer Science Dr.MGR Janaki College for WomenChennai 600028India

A rudimentary aspect of human life is the health of an individual,and most commonly the wellbeing is impacted in a colossal manner through the consumption of food. The intake of calories therefore is a crucial aspect that must be meticulously monitored. Various health gremlins can be largely circumvented when there is a substantial balance in the number of calories ingested versus the quantity of calories *** food calorie estimation is a popular domain of research in recent times and is meticulously analyzed through various image processing and machine learning techniques. However,the need to scrutinize and evaluate the calorie estimation through various platforms and algorithmic approaches aids in providing a deeper insight on the bottlenecks involved,and in improvising the bariatric health of an individual. This paper pivots on comprehending a juxtaposed approach of food calorie estimation through the use of employing Convolution Neural Network(CNN)incorporated in Internet of Things(IoT),and using the Django framework in Python,along with query rule-based training to analyze the subsequent actions to be followed post the consumption of food calories in the constructed webpage. The comparative analysis of the food calorie estimate implemented in both platforms is analyzed for the swiftness of identification,error rate and classification accuracy to appropriately determine the optimal method of use. The simulation results for IoT are carried out using the Raspberry Pi4B model,while the Anaconda prompt is used to run the server holding the web page.

关键词： food calorie estimation convolution neural network Django framework internet of things raspberry Pi

Physical properties and maximum allowable mass-radius relation of complexity-free compact stellar objects within modified f(R,T)gravity formalism

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 273-288页

作者： M.k.Jasim S.k.Maurya Abdelghani Errehymy Ali khalid Jassim kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of NizwaNizwa 616Sultanate of Oman Astrophysics Research Centre School of MathematicsStatistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq Department of Mathematics College of Science and Humanities in AlkharjPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl KharjSaudi Arabia Department of Physics College of SciencesUniversity of BishaP.O.Box 344Bisha 61922Saudi Arabia

This paper investigates the physical properties and predicted radii of compact stars generated by the Tolman-IV complexity-free model within the background of modified gravity theory,particularly the f(R,T)-gravity theory,under complexity formalism for a spherically symmetric spacetime proposed by ***[Phys Rev D 97:044010,2018].By solving the resulting set of differential equations,we obtain the explicit forms of the energy-momentum(EM)tensor components,including the density,radial pressure,and tangential *** influence of the parameterχon various physical properties of the star is thoroughly *** model undergoes a series of rigorous tests to determine its physical *** findings indicate that the model exhibits regularity,stability,and a surface with vanishing *** boundary of this surface is determined by carefully selecting the parameter *** complexity method employed in f(R,T)gravity offers an interesting approach for developing astrophysical models that are consistent with observable events as demonstrated by recent *** this regard,we use observational data from the GW190814 event,detected by the LIGo and Virgo observatories,to investigate the validity of the Tolman-IV model in f(R,T)*** analysis includes comparing the model's predictions with the observed characteristics of the compact object involved in the *** addition,data from two-millisecond pulsars,PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0952-0607,are incorporated to further constrain the theoretical ***,we present a diagram depicting the relationship between the total mass and radius of the compact object candidates for different values ofχ.

关键词： complexity modified gravity compact Stars

Associations of Gestational Exposure to Air Pollution and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Placental Inflammation

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Environment & Health 2024年第9期2卷 672-680页

作者： Emily A.Craig Yan Lin Yihui Ge Xiangtian Wang Susan k.Murphy Donald k.Harrington Richard k.Miller Sally W.Thurston Philip k.Hopke Emily S.Barrett Thomas G.o’Connor David Q.Rich Junfeng Zhang Nicholas School of the Environment&Duke Global Health Institute Duke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27708United States Department of Psychiatry University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of obstetrics and Gynecology University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Department of Pediatrics University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Psychology University of RochesterRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology and Department of Environmental Medicine University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Public Health Sciences University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Rutgers School of Public HealthPiscatawayNew Jersey 08854United States Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neuroscience University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States Department of Public Health Sciences Department of Medicineand Department of Environmental MedicineUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNew York 14642United States

Restricted fetal growth(RFG)is a leading contributor to perinatal mortality and has been associated with gestational exposure to air pollution,such as fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)),nitrogen dioxide(No2),and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs).This study examines the association between trimester-specific and weekly means of air pollution throughout gestation and placental inflammatory markers at *** a prospective cohort study of 263 pregnant women in Rochester,NY,we measured interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)in placental tissue and estimated gestational exposure to PM_(2.5)and No_(2)using a high-resolution spatial-temporal *** to PAHs was estimated using urinary 1-hydroxypyrene(1-oHP)concentrations collected once per *** distributed lag models with a penalized spline function,each interquartile range(2.6μg/m^(3))increase in PM_(2.5)concentration during gestational weeks 6−11 was associated with decreased placental IL-6 levels(−22.2%,95%CI:−39.0%,−0.64%).Using multiple linear regression models,each interquartile range increase of 1-oHP was associated with an increase in TNF-αin the first trimester(58.5%,95%CI:20.7%,74.2%),third trimester(22.9%,95%CI:0.04%,49.5%),and entire pregnancy(29.6%,95%CI:3.9%,60.6%).our results suggest gestational exposure to air pollution may alter the inflammatory environment of the placenta at delivery.

关键词： pregnancy air pollution PAHs placenta tumor necrosis factor interleukin