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A Probabilistic Trust Model and Control Algorithm to Protect 6g networks against Malicious Data Injection Attacks in Edge Computing Environments

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 631-654页

作者： Borja Bordel Sánchez Ramón Alcarria Tomás Robles Department of Computer Systems Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain Department of geospatial Engineering Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain

Future 6g communications are envisioned to enable a large catalogue of pioneering *** will range from networked Cyber-Physical Systems to edge computing devices,establishing real-time feedback control loops critical for managing Industry 5.0 deployments,digital agriculture systems,and essential *** provision of extensive machine-type communications through 6g will render many of these innovative systems autonomous and *** full automation will enhance industrial efficiency significantly,it concurrently introduces new cyber risks and *** particular,unattended systems are highly susceptible to trust issues:malicious nodes and false information can be easily introduced into control ***,Denialof-Service attacks can be executed by inundating the network with valueless *** anomaly detection schemes require the entire transformation of the control software to integrate new steps and can only mitigate anomalies that conform to predefined mathematical *** based on an exhaustive data collection to detect anomalies are precise but extremely *** models,with their limited understanding of mobile networks,can achieve precision rates no higher than 75%.Therefore,more general and transversal protection mechanisms are needed to detect malicious behaviors *** paper introduces a probabilistic trust model and control algorithm designed to address this *** model determines the probability of any node to be *** channels are pruned for those nodes whose probability is below a given *** trust control algorithmcomprises three primary phases,which feed themodel with three different probabilities,which are weighted and ***,anomalous nodes are identified using gaussian mixture models and clustering ***,traffic patterns are studied using digital Bessel functions and the functional scalar ***,the in

关键词： 6g networks noise injection attacks gaussian mixture model Bessel function traffic filter Volterra filter

Optimal Control of Service Rates of Discrete-Time(s,Q)Queueing-Inventory Systems with Finite Buffer

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第3期33卷 261-280页

作者： L.Iniya B.Sivakumar g.Arivarignan School of Mathematics Madurai Kamaraj UniversityMaduraiTamilnaduIndia Department of Statistics Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveliTamilnaduIndia

This article,we develop an optimal policy to control the service rate of a discrete time queueing-inventory system with finite *** customers arrive according to a Bernoulli process and the service time for the customers are *** the buffer size attains its maximum,any arriving new customers are considered to be *** customers are served one by one according to FCFS rule and each customers request random number of *** inventory is replenished according to a(s,Q)inventory policy with geometric lead *** main objectives of this article are to determine the service rates to be employed at each slot so that the long run expected cost rate is minimized for fixed inventory level and fixed buffer size and to minimize the expected waiting time for a fixed inventory level and fixed buffer *** problems are modelled as markov decision *** establish the existence of a stationary policy and employ linear programming method to find the optimal service *** provide some numerical examples to illustrate the behaviour of the model.

关键词： Queueing-inventory system discrete time batch demand-markov decision process

Resident immune responses to spinal cord injury:role of astrocytes and microglia

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1678-1685页

作者： Sydney Brockie Cindy Zhou Michael g.Fehlings Division of genetics and Development Krembil Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Institute of Medical Science University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Division of neurosurgery and Spine Program Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Spinal cord injury can be traumatic or non-traumatic in origin,with the latter rising in incidence and prevalence with the aging demographics of our *** r,as the global population ages,individuals with co-existent degenerative spinal pathology comprise a growing number of traumatic spinal cord injury cases,especially involving the cervical spinal *** makes recovery and treatment approaches particula rly challenging as age and comorbidities may limit regenerative *** these reasons,it is critical to better understand the complex milieu of spinal cord injury lesion pathobiology and the ensuing inflammatory *** review discusses microglia-specific purinergic and cytokine signaling pathways,as well as microglial modulation of synaptic stability and plasticity after ***,we evaluate the role of astrocytes in neurotransmission and calcium signaling,as well as their border-forming response to neural *** the inflammatory and reparative roles of these cells have eluded our complete understanding and remain key therapeutic targets due to their extensive structural and functional roles in the nervous *** advances have shed light on the roles of glia in neurotransmission and reparative injury responses that will change how interventions are *** key processes and existing knowledge gaps will allow future research to effectively target these cells and harness their regenerative potential.

关键词： astrocytes glial signaling microglia spinal cord injury synaptic transmission

Proton-neutron symplectic model description of ^(106)Cd

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 169-179页

作者： H.g.ganev Joint Institute for nuclear Research DubnaRussia Institute of Mechanics Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria

In this study,a microscopic shell-model description of the low-lying collective states in the weakly deformed nucleus ^(106)Cd within the recently proposed microscopic version of the Bohr-Mottelson model is provided.A good description of the excitation energies of the lowest ground,γ,andβquasibands is obtained without the adjustable kinetic energy ***,γdegrees of freedom are shown to play a crucial role in the description of spectroscopy of this nucleus.A modified SU(3)SU(3)preserving high-order interaction is used to produce aγ-unstable type of odd-even staggering,observed experimentally between the states of the quasi-γ*** current approach enables the characterization of observed intraband and interband quadrupole *** findings of this study propose an alternative interpretation of the fundamental question regarding the nature of low-energy vibrations,as well as the emergence of deformation and collectivity in weakly deformed atomic nuclei.

关键词： shell-model version of the Bohr-Mottelson model proton-neutron symplectic model Sp(12,R)dynamical algebra quadrupole dynamics

Management of early oesophageal cancer:An overview

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1255-1258页

作者： gavin g Calpin Matthew g Davey noel E Donlon Department of Surgery Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin D2Ireland Department of Upper gastrointestinal Surgery Beaumont HospitalDublin D09V2N0Ireland

The incidence of esophageal cancer,namely the adenocarcinoma subtype,continues to increase exponentially on an annual *** indolent nature of the disease renders a significant proportion inoperable at first presentation,however,with the increased utilisation of endoscopy,many early lesions are now being identified which are suitable for endotherapeutic *** article details the options available for dealing with early esophageal cancer by endoscopic mean obviating the need for surgery thereby avoiding the potential morbidity and mortality of such intervention.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Endotherapy Endoscopic submucosal resection Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopy

Senescent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in pre-metastatic bone marrow of untreated advanced breast cancer patients

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Oncology Research 2023年第3期31卷 361-374页

作者： FRAnCISCO RAÚL BORZOnE maría belén g.orello LEAnDRO marCELO marTInEZ marÍA CECILIA SAnmarTIn LEOnARDO FELDMAn FEDERICO DIMASE EMILIO BATAgELJ gUSTAVO YAnnARELLI nORMA ALEJAnDRA CHASSEIng Laboratorio de Inmunohematología Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental(IBYME)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology Department of MedicineWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkUSA Laboratorio de Regulación génica y Células Madre Instituto de Medicina TraslacionalTrasplante y Bioingeniería(IMeTTyB)Universidad Favaloro-CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires(UNCPB)TandilBuenos AiresArgentina Servicio de Hematología Hospital Militar CentralBuenos AiresArgentina Servicio de Oncología Hospital Militar CentralBuenos AiresArgentina

Breast cancer is the predominant form of carcinoma among women worldwide,with 70%of advanced patients developing bone metastases,with a high mortality *** this sense,the bone marrow(BM)mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(MSCs)are critical for BM/bone homeostasis,and failures in their functionality,transform the BM into a premetastatic niche(PMn).We previously found that BM-MSCs from advanced breast cancer patients(BCPs,infiltrative ductal carcinoma,stage III-B)have an abnormal *** work aims to study some of the metabolic and molecular mechanisms underlying MSCs shift from a normal to an abnormal profile in this group of patients.A comparative analysis was undertaken,which included self-renewal capacity,morphology,proliferation capacity,cell cycle,reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,and senescence-associatedβ‑galactosidase(SA‑β‑gal)staining of BMderived MSCs isolated from 14 BCPs and 9 healthy volunteers(HVs).Additionally,the expression and activity of the telomerase subunit TERT,as well as telomere length,were *** levels of pluripotency,osteogenic,and osteoclastogenic genes(OCT-4,SOX-2,M-CAM,RUnX-2,BMP-2,CCL-2,M-CSF,and IL-6)were also *** results showed that MSCs from BCPs had reduced,self-renewal and proliferation *** cells also exhibited inhibited cell cycle progression and phenotypic changes,such as an enlarged and flattened ***,there was an increase in ROS and senescence levels and a decrease in the functional capacity of TERT to preserve telomere *** also found an increase in pro-inflammatory/pro-osteoclastogenic gene expression and a decrease in pluripotency gene *** conclude that these changes could be responsible for the abnormal functional profile that MSCs show in this group of patients.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells Senescence Breast cancer Bone marrow Pre-metastatic niche Bone metastasis

Plant cell wall-mediated disease resistance:Current understanding and future perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 699-724页

作者： Antonio Molina Lucıa Jorda Miguel Angel Torres marina martın-Dacal Diego Jose Berlanga Patricia Fernandez-Calvo Elena gomez-Rubio Sonsoles martın-Santamarıa Centro de Biotecnología y genómica de Plantas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA/CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon(Madrid)Spain Departamento de Biotecnologıa-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierıa AgronomicaAlimentarıa y de BiosistemasUPMMadridSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas margarita Salas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Ramiro de Maeztu 928040 MadridSpain Misión Biológica de galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain

Beyond their function as structural barriers,plant cell walls are essential elements for the adaptation of plants to environmental *** walls are dynamic structures whose composition and integrity can be altered in response to environmental challenges and developmental *** wall changes are perceived by plant sensors/receptors to trigger adaptative responses during development and upon stress *** cell wall damage caused by pathogen infection,wounding,or other stresses leads to the release of wall molecules,such as carbohydrates(glycans),that function as damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).DAMPs are perceived by the extracellular ectodomains(ECDs)of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)to activate pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and disease ***,glycans released from the walls and extracellular layers of microorganisms interacting with plants are recognized as microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMPs)by specific ECD-PRRs triggering PTI *** number of oligosaccharides DAMPs/MAMPs identified that are perceived by plants has increased in recent ***,the structural mechanisms underlying glycan recognition by plant PRRs remain ***,this knowledge is mainly focused on receptors of the LysM-PRR family,which are involved in the perception of various molecules,such as chitooligosaccharides from fungi and lipo-chitooligosaccharides(i.e.,nod/MYC factors from bacteria and mycorrhiza,respectively)that trigger differential physiological ***,additional families of plant PRRs have recently been implicated in oligosaccharide/polysaccharide *** include receptor kinases(RKs)with leucine-rich repeat and Malectin domains in their ECDs(LRR-MAL RKs),Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KInASE 1-LIKE group(CrRLK1L)with Malectin-like domains in their ECDs,as well as wall-associated kinases,lectin-RKs,and *** characterization of structural basis of glycans recogniti

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns DAMPs disease resistance glycans oligosaccharides pattern-triggered immunity PTl pattern recognition receptor PRRs

Metric and Upper Dimension of Extended Annihilating-Ideal graphs

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Algebra Colloquium 2024年第2期31卷 221-238页

作者： S.nithya g.Elavarasi genghua Fan Department of Mathematics St.Xavier's College(Autonomous)Palayamkottai 627002Tamil NaduIndia Afiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Abishekapatti Tirunelveli 627012Tamil NaduIndia Pg and Research Department of Mathematics St.Xavier's College(Autonomous)Palayamkottai 627002Tamil NaduIndia Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Abishekapatti Tirunelveli 627012Tamil NaduIndia 不详

The metric dimension problem is called navigation problem due to its application to robot navigation in *** this concept has wide applications in motion planning,sonar and loran station,and so *** this paper,we study certain results on the metric dimension,upper dimension and resolving number of extended annihilating-ideal graph EAg(R)associated to a commutative ring R,denoted by dim M(EAg(R)),dim+(EAg(R))and res(EAg(R)),*** we prove the finiteness conditions of dim M(EAg(R))and dim+(EAg(R)).In addition,we characterize dim M(EAg(R)),dim+(EAg(R))and res(EAg(R))for artinian rings and the direct product of rings.

关键词： extended annihilating-ideal graph metric dimension upper dimension resolving number

Multiple sclerosis drug repurposing for neuroregeneration

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 507-508页

作者： Peter göttle Michael Dietrich Patrick Küry Department of neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system(CnS)and is primarily characterized by immune cell infiltration leading to relapses followed by remission phases and a disease course turning progressive over time with neurodegenerative processes taking over(Amin and Hersh,2023).Of note,beyond relapse-associated worsening early in disease progression independent of relapse activity may arise independently of relapse activity and can occur in all ***-mediated damage of myelin sheaths and the subsequent loss of mature oligodendrocytes are resulting in impaired axonal integrity,neurodegeneration and accounts for irreversible neuronal damage(Kuhlmann et al.,2023).The current landscape of available disease-modifying therapies comprises mainly immunomodulatory drugs that effectively diminish relapses and slow down progression at the onset form of the disease,namely relapsing MS(RMS).In this regard,a number of drugs have been approved as disease-modifying therapies for MS by US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agencies(Box 1).

关键词： drugs impaired irreversible