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Obstructive uropathy: Overview of the pathogenesis, etiology and management of a prevalent cause of acute kidney injury

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World Journal of nephrology 2024年第2期13卷 5-15页

作者： Xabier Pérez-Aizpurua Ramiro Cabello Benavente gonzalo Bueno Serrano Josémaría Alcázar Peral Blanca gómez-Jordana Mañas Jaime Tufet i Jaumot Joaquín Ruiz de Castroviejo Blanco Felipe Osorio Ospina Carmen gonzalez-Enguita Department of Urology Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez DíazMadrid 28015MadridSpain

Obstructive uropathy is defined as the structural or functional interruption of urinary outflow at any level in the urinary *** is regarded as one of the most prevalent causes of acute kidney injury(AKI),accounting for 5%–10%of *** severe obstruction of the urinary tract is a potentially threatening situation for the kidneys and therefore requires prompt identification and management to relieve *** aim of the present article is to review and synthesize available evidence on obstructive uropathy,providing a clinical guideline for clinicians.A literature review on obstructive uropathy in the context of AKI was performed,focusing on the least clarified aspects regarding diagnosis and *** literature searching was conducted in English and top-level evidence articles including systematic reviews,metanalyses and large series were *** obstruction of the urinary tract is a diagnostic and therapeutical challenge that may lead to important clinical complications together with direct structural and hemodynamic damage to the *** recognition of the leading cause and its exact location is essential to ensure prompt urinary drainage together with the most suitable drainage technique selection.A multidisciplinary approach,including urologists,nephrologists,and other medical specialties,is best suited to correctly manage concomitant hemodynamic changes,fluid and electrolyte imbalances,and other related *** uropathy is one of the leading causes of *** of patients suitable for early diversion and feasibility or adequate selection of the indicated technique is sometimes challeng-ing.A thorough understanding of the physiopathology behind the development of urinary obstruction is vital for correct diagnosis and management.

关键词： Obstructive uropathy Urinary tract obstruction Obstruction of the urinary tract Acute kidney injury Urinary diversion Renal recovery

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Impact of STAT-signaling pathway on cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer and its role in immunosuppression

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1705-1724页

作者： Damián Sánchez-Ramírez Mónica g Mendoza-Rodríguez Omar R Alemán Fernando A Candanedo-gonzález Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa Juan JoséMontesinos-Montesinos Mauricio Salcedo Ismael Brito-Toledo Felipe Vaca-Paniagua Luis I Terrazas Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico Department of Biology Facultad de QuimicaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico City 04510Mexico Department of Pathology National Medical Center Century XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Laboratorio de Células Troncales Mesenquimales Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades OncológicasHospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina y Oncologia genomica Instituto Mexciano del Seguro SocialMexico City 07300Mexico Servicio de Colon y Recto Hospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Laboratorio nacional en Salud Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico

Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains one of the most commonly diagnosed and deadliest types of cancer *** displays a desmoplastic reaction(DR)that has been inversely associated with poor prognosis;less DR is associated with a better *** reaction generates excessive connective tissue,in which cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are critical cells that form a part of the tumor *** are directly involved in tumorigenesis through different ***,their role in immunosuppression in CRC is not well understood,and the precise role of signal transducers and activators of transcription(STATs)in mediating CAF activity in CRC remains *** the myriad chemical and biological factors that affect CAFs,different cytokines mediate their function by activating STAT signaling ***,the harmful effects of CAFs in favoring tumor growth and invasion may be modulated using STAT ***,we analyze the impact of different STATs on CAF activity and their immunoregulatory role.

关键词： Cancer-associated fibroblasts Signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling Colorectal cancer Immunity Immunosuppression

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nanomotion of bacteria to determine metabolic profile

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nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： S.n.Pleskova E.V.Lazarenko n.A.Bezrukov R.n.Kriukov A.V.Boryakov M.E.Dokukin S.I.Surodin Research Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Department of nanotechnology and Biotechnology Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a.R.E.AlekseevNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Sarov Physics and Technology Institute National Research Nuclear University MEPhISarov 607186Russia

In addition to their visible motion such as swimming(e.g.,with the help ofﬂagella),bacteria can also exhibit nanomotion that is detectable only with highly sensitive instruments,and this study shows that it is possible to detect bacterial nanomotion using an AFM detection *** results show that the nanomotion characteristics depend on the bacterial strain,and that nanomotion can be used to sense the metabolic activity of bacteria because the oscillations are sensitive to the food preferences of the bacteria and the type of surrounding medium.

关键词： nanomotion Bacteria Cantilever Oscillation Atomic force microscopy Metabolism

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nanozyme catalysis in a crowded environment:The impact of diffusion and surface shielding

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nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5795-5800页

作者： Vasily g.Panferov Juewen Liu Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

nanozymes are widely used in various applications as nanosized catalysts for replacing *** accurate estimation of the catalytic activity of nanozymes in real conditions is *** this article,for the first time,we systematically studied the effect of macromolecular molecules co-existing in the real system on the oxidoreductase(peroxidase,oxidase,and catalase)-mimicking nanozymes made of a gold nanoparticle core and a platinum shell,Prussian Blue,Mn2O3 and CoO *** were made with horseradish *** distinguished two main mechanisms of the negative impact of macromolecules on nanozyme catalysis—slowed diffusion and surface shielding of *** the first mechanism is typical for enzymes,the second one is specific only for *** the mechanisms is essential for developing approaches to reduce the unavoidable impact of macromolecules for various analytical and biomedical applications.

关键词： molecular crowding biosensors nanoparticles

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Cognitive function among military veterans with STEM occupations

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 308-310页

作者： Justin T.McDaniel Kevin n.Hascup Erin R.Hascup Ugochukwu g.Ezigbo Amanda M.Weidhuner Harvey Henson David L.Albright Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and trEatment(CARE) Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL 62794USA STEM Education Research Center Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA Department of Political Science The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

Dear Editor,There is limited research on the relationship between science,technology,engineering,and mathematics(STEM)occupational history and cognitive function in later life,especially among military veterans,who may be at greater risk for later-life cognitive *** study examines a nationally representative sample of military veterans to address this gap in knowledge.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Veterans Science technology engineering and mathematics(STEM) Animal fluency test Dementia

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Magnesium oxide(MgO)nanoadsorbents in wastewater treatment:A comprehensive review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1709-1773页

作者： H.C.S.Perera V.gurunanthanan Anoop Singh M.M.M.g.P.g.Mantilaka g.Das Sandeep Arya Department of Physics Khalifa UniversityAbu Dhabi12788United Arab Emirates Postgraduate Institute of Science University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka Department of Humanities and Sciences Guru Nanak Institutions Technical CampusIbrahimpatnamHyderabad501506India Centre for global Health Research Saveetha Medical College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105Tamil NaduIndia Department of Physics University of JammuJammu and Kashmir180006India

Wastewater contamination by heavy metals and synthetic dyes presents a significant environmental challenge,necessitating effective and sustainable separation *** review article provides a detailed examination of magnesium oxide(MgO)nanoparticles as an innovative nanoadsorbent for wastewater treatment,with a specific focus on heavy metal and dye *** review comprehensively explores various aspects of MgO nanoparticles,including their structural characteristics and synthesis *** article delves into the morphology and crystallographic arrangement of MgO nanoparticles,offering insights into their structural *** the complexity of adsorption processes,the review identifies and analyzes parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency of MgO nanoparticles,such as temperature,pH,contact time,initial concentration,and co-existing *** interplay between these parameters and the adsorption capability of MgO nanoparticles emphasizes the importance of optimizing operational ***,the review assesses various synthesis methods for MgO nanoparticles,including sol-gel,hydrothermal,precipitation,green synthesis,solvothermal,and template-assisted *** discusses the advantages,limitations,and resulting nanoparticle characteristics of each method,enabling readers to grasp the implications of synthesis processes on adsorption *** comprehensive review consolidates current insights into the effectiveness of MgO nanoparticles as a potent nanoadsorbent for removing heavy metals and dyes from wastewater covering a wide spectrum of aspects related to MgO ***,there is a need to investigate the use of MgO in the treatment of actual wastewater or river water,in order to leverage its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency for practical water treatment applications in real-time.

关键词： MgO nanoparticles nanoadsorbent Wastewater treatment Heavy metals Dye separation Adsorption Synthesis methods

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Analysis of the discrete contact characteristics based on the greenwood-Williamson model and the localization principle

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 1042-1056页

作者： Anastasiya A.YAKOVEnKO Irina g.gORYACHEVA Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS Moscow119526Russia

The contact of a rigid body with nominally flat rough surface and an elastic half-space is *** solve the contact problem,the greenwood-Williamson statistical model and the localization principle are *** developed contact model allows us to investigate the surface approach and the real contact area with taking into account the asperities *** is shown that the mutual influence of asperities changes not only contact characteristics at the macroscale,but also the contact pressure distribution at the *** follows from the results,the inclusion in the contact model of the effect of the mutual influence of asperities is especially significant for studying the real contact area,as well as the contact characteristics at high applied *** results calculated according to the proposed approach are in a good agreement with the experimentally observed effects,i.e.,the real contact area saturation and the additional compliance exhaustion.

关键词： surface roughness elasticity greenwood-Williamson model localization principle asperity interaction

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Control system design for a pressure-tube-type supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactor via a higher order sliding mode method

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 145-154页

作者： M.Hajipour g.R.Ansarifar Department of nuclear Engineering Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81746-73441Iran

nuclear power plants exhibit non-linear and time-variable ***,designing a control system that sets the reactor power and forces it to follow the desired load is complicated.A supercritical water reactor(SCWR)is a fourth-generation conceptual *** an SCWR,the non-linear dynamics of the reactor require a controller capable of control-ling the *** this study,a pressure-tube-type SCWR was controlled during reactor power maneuvering with a higher order sliding mode,and the reactor outgoing steam temperature and pressure were controlled *** an SCWR,the temperature,pressure,and power must be maintained at a setpoint(desired value)during power *** point kinetics equations with three groups of delayed neutrons were used in the ***-order and classic sliding mode controllers were separately manufactured to control the plant and were compared with the PI controllers speci-fied in previous *** controlled parameters were reactor power,steam temperature,and ***,for these parameters,the PI controller had certain instabilities in the presence of *** classic sliding mode controller had a higher accuracy and stability;however its main drawback was the chattering *** was highly accurate and stable and had a small computational *** reality,it followed the desired values without oscillations and chattering.

关键词： Supercritical water nuclear reactor Higher order sliding mode controller Steam temperature Steam pressure Point kinetics model

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numerical simulation of three dimensional concrete printing based on a unified fluid and solid mechanics formulation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 491-515页

作者： Janis REInOLD Koussay DAADOUCH günther MESCHKE Institute for Structural Mechanics Ruhr University BochumBochum 44801Germany

Deformation control constitutes one of the main technological challenges in three dimensional(3D)concrete printing,and it presents a challenge that must be addressed to achieve a precise and reliable construction ***-based information of the expected deformations and stresses is required to optimize the construction process in association with the specific properties of the concrete *** this work,a novel thermodynamically consistent finite strain constitutive model for fresh and early-age 3D-printable concrete is *** model is then used to simulate the 3D concrete printing process to assess layer shapes,deformations,forces acting on substrate layers and prognoses of possible structural collapse during the layer-by-layer *** constitutive formulation is based on a multiplicative split of the deformation gradient into elastic,aging and viscoplastic parts,in combination with a hyperelastic potential and considering evolving material properties to account for structural buildup or *** advantage of this model is the stress-update-scheme,which is similar to that of small strain plasticity and therefore enables an efficient integration with existing material *** constitutive model uses the particle finite element method,which serves as the simulation framework,allowing for modeling of the evolving free surfaces during the extrusion *** analyses of three printed layers are used to create deformation plots,which can then be used to control the deformations during 3D concrete *** study offers further investigations,on the structural level,focusing on the potential structural collapse of a 3D printed concrete *** capability of the proposed model to simulate 3D concrete printing processes across the scales—from a few printed layers to the scale of the whole printed structure—in a unified fashion with one constitutive formulation,is demonstrated.

关键词： particle finite element method 3D concrete printing multiplicative split additive manufacturing elastoviscoplasticity

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Summary of a Life in Observational Ultraviolet/Optical Astronomy

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 1-43页

作者： Donald g.York Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics The University of Chicago5801 South Ellis Ave.Chicago 60637ILUSA

I reminisce on my early life in Section 1;on my education in Sections 2 and 3;on the years at Princeton as a research astronomer in Section 4;on the years on the faculty at Chicago in Section 5;on research on Diffuse Interstellar Bands(DIBs) in Section 6;on construction of the 3.5 m telescope at Apache Point Observatory(APO)in Section 7;on work on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey(SDSS) in Section 8;on work in public education in Chicago in Section 9;and on my travels in Section 10. My main science research is of an observational nature,concerning galactic and intergalactic interstellar gas. Highlights for me included my work on the orbiting telescope Copernicus, including the discovery of interstellar deuterium;early observations of absorption associated with fivetimes ionized oxygen;and discoveries concerning the phases of gas in the local interstellar medium, based on previously unobservable interstellar UV spectral lines. With other instruments and collaborations, I extended interstellar UV studies to the intergalactic cool gas using quasi-stellar object QSO absorption lines redshifted to the optical part of the spectrum;provided a better definition of the emission and morphological character of the source of absorption lines in QSO spectra;and pursued the identification of the unidentified DIBs. For several of these topics, extensive collaborations with many scientists were essential over many years. The conclusions developed slowly, as I moved from being a graduate student at Chicago, to a research scientist position at Princeton and then to a faculty position at Chicago. At each stage of life, I was exposed to new technologies adaptable to my science and to subsequent projects. From high school days, I encountered several management opportunities which were formative. I have been extremely fortunate both in scientific mentors I had and in experimental opportunities I encountered.

关键词： Interstellar Medium(ISM) nebulae (galaxies:)quasars:absorption lines ultraviolet:stars

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