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Integrated strategies on cobalt phosphides-based electrocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction

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Tungsten 2024年第3期6卷 488-503页

作者： Thanh Dam mai Ha Huu Do Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Technology Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and TradeHo Chi Minh City 700000Vietnam VKTech Research Center NTT Hi-Tech InstituteNguyen Tat Thanh UniversityHo Chi Minh City 700000Vietnam

The development of cost-effective and durable hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)electrocatalysts plays a vital role in dealing with the issues related to carbon dioxide *** phosphide-based nanomaterials are evaluated as promising advocates for HER due to high catalytic activities,good stability,and rich *** review commences with an exploration of the synthetic pathways of CoP,including solid-phase,solution-phase along with electrochemical ***,the mechanism of hydrogen formation is expressed thoroughly,after which various integrated strategies of morphology engineering with doping,assisted highly conductive materials,and construction of heterostructure were introduced for ***,burdensome tasks and possible guidance for the advancement of CoP-based nanomaterials were discussed for hydrogen production.

关键词： Cobalt phosphides Nanomaterials Electrocatalysts Hydrogen evolution reaction

Magnetoresistivity studies for BiPb-2223 phase added by BaSnO3 nanoparticles

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2017年第2期6卷 100-109页

作者： mai ME.BARAKAT Khulud HABANJAR Department of Physics Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Physics Faculty of Science Beirut Arab University Beirut Lebanon

Co-precipitation method and conventional solid-state reaction technique were used to synthesize BaSnO3 nanoparticles and (BaSnO3)x/Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ (0≤x≤ 1.50w t％) samples,respectively.X-ray powder diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and electrical resistivity data were used to characterize BiPb-2223 phase added by BaSnO3 *** relative volume fraction and superconducting transition temperature Tc of BiPb-2223 phase were enhanced by increasing BaSnO3 addition up to 0.50 wt％.These parameters were decreased with further increase of *** resistive transition broadening under different applied DC magnetic fields (0.29-4.40kG) was analyzed through thermally activated flux creep (TAFC) model and Ambegaokar-Halperin (AH) *** of the derived flux pinning energy U,critical current density Jc (0) estimated from AH parameter C(B),and upper critical magnetic field Bc2 (0),were recorded by adding BaSnO3 nanoparticles up to 0.50 wt％,beyond which these parameters were *** magnetic field dependence of the flux pinning energy and critical current density decreased as a power-law relation,which indicated the single junction sensitivity between the superconducting grains to the applied magnetic ***,the increase in the applied magnetic field did not affect the electronic thermal conductivity Ke above the superconducting transition temperature and suppressed it below Tc.

关键词： BiPb-2223 BaSnO3 nanoparticles flux pinning energy critical current density

Strong Consistency of the Empirical Martingale Simulation Option Price Estimator

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2009年第3期25卷 355-368页

作者： Zhu-shun Yuan Ge-mai Chen Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4

A simulation technique known as empirical martingale simulation （EMS） was proposed to improve simulation accuracy. By an adjustment to the standard Monte Carlo simulation, EMS ensures that the simulated price satisfies the rational option pricing bounds and that the estimated derivative contract price is strongly consistent with payoffs that satisfy Lipschitz condition. However, for some currently used contracts such as self-quanto options and asymmetric or symmetric power options, it is open whether the above asymptotic result holds. In this paper, we prove that the strong consistency of the EMS option price estimator holds for a wider class of univariate payoffs than those restricted by Lipschitz condition. Numerical experiments demonstrate that EMS can also substantially increase simulation accuracy in the extended setting.

关键词： Monte carlo Black-scholes GARCH

Localized salt accumulation: the main reason for cotton root length decrease during advanced growth stages under drip irrigation with mulch film in a saline soil

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第3期6卷 361-370页

作者： WenXuan mai ChangYan TIAN Li LI State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences

High salinity in soil can prevent root growth of most plants. To investigate soil salinity dynamics under drip irrigation with mulch film （DI） and its effects on cotton root length, we conducted field experiments in saline soil based on a monolith method using flooding irrigation with mulch film （FI） as a control at the Korla Experimental Station of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China in 2009 and 2010. The results showed that the total root length decreased 120 days after sowing （DAS） under DI, and was mainly centered in the 0-30 cm soil layer and at distances of 30-70 cm from the drip-lines. There was almost complete overlap in the area of root length decline and salt accumulation. In the soil depth of 0-30 cm and at distances of 30-70 cm from the drip-lines at 110 to 160 DAS in 2009 and 171 DAS in 2010, the electrical conductivity （EC） in all soil samples was at least 3 mS/cm and in some cases exceeded 5 mS/cm under DI treatment. However, EC barely exceeded 3 mS/cm and no reduction in root length was observed under FI treatment. Correlation analysis of soil EC and root length density indicated that the root length declined when the soil EC exceeded 2.8 mS/cm. The main reason for the decrease of root length in cotton under DI was localized accumulation of salinity.

关键词： cotton drip irrigation under mulch film flooding irrigation under mulch film root salinity

Ecological and Geographical Reasons for the Variation of Digestive Tract Length in Anurans

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Asian Herpetological Research 2019年第4期10卷 246-252页

作者： Chunlan mai Jianping YU Wenbo LIAO Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Artificial Propagation and Utilization in Anurans of Nanchong City China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009SichuanChina Institute of Eco-adaptation in Amphibians and Reptiles China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009SichuanChina

Changes of environmental conditions can shape organs size evolution in animal kingdoms. In particular, environmental changes lead to difference in food resources between different habitats, thereby affecting individual’s energy intake and allocation. The digestive theory states that animals consuming food with low contents of digestible materials should result in increasing gut length. In this study, to test the hypothesis of digestive theory, we studied ecological and geographical reasons for variation in digestive tract length among 35 species of anurans distributing in different altitude and latitude. The results showed that ecological type significantly affected digestive tract length among species, with aquatic and terrestrial species having longer digestive tract than arboreal ones. Latitude was positively correlated with digestive tract length. However, altitude, as well as monthly mean temperature and precipitation, did not correlate with digestive tract length among species. Our findings suggest that aquatic and terrestrial species might forage less digestible materials than arboreal species, thereby displaying relatively longer digestive tract than arboreal species.

关键词： Anurans digestive tract length environmental change ecological type

Fabrication of zinc-based coordination polymer nano-cubes and post-modification through copper decoration

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Nano Research 2018年第11期11卷 5890-5901页

作者： Ngoc Minh Tran Hien Duy mai Hyojong Yoo Department of Chemistry Hallym University Chuncheon Gangwon-do 24252 Republic of Korea

Coordination polymer particles (CPPs) with a high degree of porosity and multi-functional reaction sites are promising for diverse applications. The integration of open sites favorable for the post-modification of CPPs presents a unique opportunity for the rational design of inorganic materials with target-oriented functions. Herein, we report a shape-controllable synthetic protocol for zinc-based coordination polymer nanocubes (Zn-CPNs). In the synthesis, 2,6-bis[(4-carboxyanilino)carbonyl] pyridine ([N3]) ligand is employed as an efficient shape-directing modulator to control the size and shape of Zn-CPNs. More importantly, the [N3] ligand provides metal binding sites suitable for the decoration of other functional metals such as copper ions. The copper-modified Zn-CPNs (Cu_Zn-CPNs) show good activities in a heterogeneous catalytic reaction.

关键词： zinc-based coordination polymer nanocubes shape-directing modulator size and shape controls post-modification heterogeneous catalytic reaction

The Biological Property of Synthetic Evolved Digital Circuits with ESD Immunity - Redundancy or Degeneracy？

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2013年第3期10卷 396-403,F0003页

作者： Menghua Man Shanghe Liu Xiaolong Chang mai Lu Electrostatic & Electromagnetic Protection Institute Mechanical Engineering College Shijiazhuang 050003 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Opt-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 P. R. China

In the ongoing evolutionary process, biological systems have displayed a fundamental and remarkable property of robustness, i.e., the property allows the system to maintain its functions despite external and internal perturbations. Redundancy and degeneracy are thought to be the underlying structural mechanisms of biological robustness. Inspired by this, we explored the proximate cause of the immunity of the synthetic evolved digital circuits to ESD interference and discussed the biological characteristics behind the evolutionary circuits. First, we proposed an evolutionary method for intrinsic immune circuit design. The circuits＇ immunity was evaluated using the functional fault models based on probability distributions. Then, several benchmark circuits, including ADDER, MAJORITY, and C17, were evolved for high intrinsic immunity. Finally, using the quantitative definitions based on information theory, we measured the topological characteristics of redundancy and degeneracy in the evolved circuits and compared their contributions to the immunity. The results show that redundant elements are neces- sary for the ESD immune circuit design, whereas degeneracy is the key to making use of the redundancy robustly and efficiently.

关键词： electromagnetic bionics electromagnetic protection electrostatic discharge synthetic evolved circuits redundancy degeneracy

A numerical study of summer ozone concentration over the Kanto area of Japan using the MM5/CMAQ model

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 236-246页

作者： mai Khiem Ryozo Ooka Hong Huang Hiroshi Hayami Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo 66-1 Kamaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan Center for Public Safety Research Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry 1646 Abiko Abiko-shi Chiba 270-1194 Japan

We assessed the ability of the MM5/CMAQ model to predict ozone （O3） air quality over the Kanto area and to investigate the factors that affect simulation of O3. We find that the coupled MM5/CMAQ model is a useful tool for the analysis of urban environmental problems. The simulation results were compared with observational data and were found to accurately replicate most of the important observed characteristics, The initial and boundary conditions were found to have a significant effect on simulated O3 concentrations. The results show that on hot and dry days with high O3 concentration, the CMAQ model provides a poor simulation of O3 maxima when using initial and boundary conditions derived from the CMAQ default data. The simulation of peak O3 concentrations is improved with the JCAP initial and boundary conditions. On mild days, the default CMAQ initial and boundary conditions provide a more realistic simulation. Meteorological conditions also have a strong impact on the simulated distribution and accumulation of O3 concentrations in this area. Low O3 concentrations are simulated during mild weather conditions, and high concentrations are predicted during hot and dry weather. By investigating the effects of different meteorological conditions on each model process, we find that advection and diffusion differ the most between the two meteorological regimes. Thus, differences in the winds that govern the transport of O3 and its precursors are likely the most important meteorological drivers of ozone concentration over the central Kanto area.

关键词： air quality modeling ozone initial/boundary conditions meteorological conditions

Nucleation mechanisms of dynamic recrystallization for G3 alloy during hot compression

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Rare Metals 2016年第7期35卷 543-550页

作者： Jue Wang Jian-Xin Dong mai-Cang Zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials andApplication Technology Nanjing 211167China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Instituteof TechnologyNanjing 211167China School of Materials Science and Engineering University ofScience and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Dynamic recrystallization （DRX） mechanisms of a nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy, G3, were investigated by hot compression tests with temperatures from 1050 to 1200 ℃ and strain rates from 0.1 to 5.0 s-1. Deformation microstructure was observed at the strain from 0.05 to 0.75 by electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD） and transmission electron microscope （TEM）. Work hardening rate curves were calculated to analyze the effect of deformation parameters on the nucleation process. Results indicate that strain-induced grain boundary migration is the principal mechanism of DRX. Large annealing twins promote nucleation by accumulating dis- locations and fragmenting into cell blocks. Continuous dynamic recrystallization is also detected to be an effective supplement mechanism, especially at low temperature and high strain rate.

关键词： G3 alloy Dynamic recrystallization Nucleation mechanism Annealing twins