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A comprehensive simulation-based assessment of office building performance adaptability to teleworking scenarios in different Canadian climate zones

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Building Simulation 2022年第6期15卷 995-1014页

作者： Farzam Kharvari Sara Azimi william O’Brien Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton University1125 Colonel by DriveOttawaOntarioK1S 5B6Canada

Recent studies have shown that office building systems do not adapt well to partial occupancy(e.g.,from teleworking)and thus perform *** a result,this study aims to assess office building performance adaptability by investigating the impact of four different technologies,including occupancy-based lighting,smart plugs(occupancy-based plug load),demand-controlled ventilation(DCV),occupancy-based thermostat,and their cumulative effect in office buildings in six different Canadian climates.A three-story office building is simulated in EnergyPlus version 9.3.0 under five occupancy scenarios,including 0%occupancy,100%occupancy,50%uniformly distributed occupancy across the floor,50%consolidated occupancy scenario where occupants work in core zones,and 50%consolidated occupancy scenario where occupants work in perimeter *** results are compared using energy use intensity(EUI),energy use intensity per occupant(EUP),and the corresponding greenhouse gas(gHg)emissions.A total of 180 simulations demonstrate the occupancy-adaptive technologies are generally most beneficial for low occupancy scenarios and milder *** results also show the cumulative impact of all these technologies on the potential energy savings is significant in the climates under ***,the results show office buildings can improve their performance adaptability during partial occupancy by implementing the studied *** from filling in the current knowledge gap in the literature on partial occupancy,the for the first time results of this study systemically demonstrate how each technology performs under different partial occupancy scenarios and how they perform together at each climate.

关键词： partial occupancy thermostat setpoint smart plug demand-controlled ventilation(DCV) lighting

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Multi-phase(Zr,Ti,Cr)B_(2) solid solutions:Preparation,multi-scale microstructure,and local properties

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第2期12卷 414-431页

作者： Laura SILVESTRONI Nicola gILLI Alex SANgIORgI Alessandro COROZZI Suzana FILIPOVIĆ Nina OBRADOVIĆ Laia ORTIZ-MEMBRADO Emilio JIMÉNEZ-PIQUÉ william g.FAHRENHOLTZ CNR-ISSMC Institute of ScienceTechnology and Sustainability for Ceramics(former ISTEC)Via Granarolo 6448018 FaenzaItaly CNR-IMM Institute for Microelectronics and MicrosystemsVia Gobetti 10140129 BolognaItaly Institute of Technical Sciences of SASA Knez Mihailova 35/IV11000 BelgradeSerbia Department of Materials Science and Engineering EEBEUniv.Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTECH.Avda.Eduard Maristany 1608019 BarcelonaSpain Department of Materials Science and Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO 65049USA

Multi-phase ceramics based on ZrB_(2),TiB_(2) and doped with CrB_(2) and SiC were prepared by powder metallurgy and hot pressing to explore the possibility of obtaining multi-scale microstructures by super-saturation of complex(Zr,Ti,Cr)B_(2) solid ***-shell structures formed in TiB_(2) grains,whereas ZrB_(2) appeared to form a homogeneous solid solution with the other *** of nano-inclusions within both micron-sized borides was assessed by transmission electron microscopy and thermodynamics elucidated the preferential formation of boride inclusions due to the specific sintering *** addition,atomic size factors explicated the precipitation of CrB_(2) nano-particles into ZrB_(2)-rich grains and of ZrB_(2) nano-particles into TiB_(2)-rich *** hardness of the constituent phases measured by nanoindentation ranged from 36 to 43 gPa.

关键词： boride core-shell solid solution nanoindentation sintering

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Identification of Arceuthobium globosum using unmanned aerial vehicle images in a high mountain forest of central Mexico

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1759-1771页

作者： Luis A.Leon-Banuelos Angel R.Endara-Agramont william gomez-Demetrio Carlos g.Martınez-garcıa E.gabino Nava-Bernal 50000 TolucaMexicoMexico

The identification of forests infested by parasitic plants is important for the design of appropriate control and prevention *** images and geographic information systems are commonly used to analyze the presence of pest and parasitic plants in the *** there is a need for finer *** the last decade,the use of unmanned aerial vehicles has become increasingly common for capturing aerial images(gB values(Red,green and Blue)through the colorimetric ranges for use in identification of Yellow Dwarf Mistletoe(YDM)(Arceuthobium globosum)in aerial images taken in a forest of central Mexico via a programmed *** tonalities of YDM were classified according to its phenological stages,***(young stage),yellow(adult stage),and brown(senescence stage),considering two light intensities,sunny and ***-parametric tests were used in statistical *** Spearman test showed significant negative correlation(pgical stage and colour,indicating that lower RgB values were associated with greater *** differences between groups were analysed using Kruskal–Wallis(pgorithm identified the presence and predominant colours of YDM according to its phenological stage.

关键词： Colorimetric analysis RgB Pinus hartweggi Parasitic plants Remote sensing

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Exploratory study of non-invasive,high-resolution functional macular imaging in subjects with diabetic retinopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第1期14卷 57-63页

作者： Thalmon R.Campagnoli gábor Márk Somfai Jing Tian Delia Cabrera DeBuc william E.Smiddy Bascom Palmer Eye Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFL 33136USA Department of Ophthalmology Semmelweis UniversityFaculty of MedicineBudapestHungary

AIM:To evaluate a high-resolution functional imaging device that yields quantitative data regarding macular blood flow and capillary network features in eyes with diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:Prospective,cross-sectional comparative case-series in which blood flow velocities(BFVs)and noninvasive capillary perfusion maps(nCPMs)in macular vessels were measured in patients with DR and in healthy controls using the Retinal Functional Imager(RFI)***:A total of 27 eyes of 21 subjects were studied[9 eyes nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR),9 eyes proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)and 9 controls].All diabetic patients were type *** patients with NPDR and 5 eyes with PDR also had diabetic macular edema(DME).The NPDR group included eyes with severe(n=3)and moderate NPDR(n=6),and were symptomatic.A significant decrease in venular BFVs was observed in the macular region of PDR eyes when compared to controls(2.61±0.6 mm/s and 2.92±0.72 mm/s in PDR and controls,respectively,P=0.019)as well as PDR eyes with DME compared to NPDR eyes(2.36±0.51 mm/s and 2.94±1.09 mm/s in PDR with DME and NPDR,respectively,P=0.01).CONCLUSION:The RFI,a non-invasive imaging tool,provides high-resolution functional imaging of the retinal microvasculature and quantitative measurement of BFVs in visually impaired DR *** isolated diminish venular BFVs in PDR eyes compared to healthy eyes and PDR eyes with DME in comparison to NPDR eyes may indicate the possibility of more retinal vein compromise than suspected in advanced DR.

关键词： macular blood flow capillary perfusion map non-invasive vascular imaging high-resolution imaging diabetic retinopathy retinal function imager

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Charged particles:Unique tools to study irradiation resistance of concentrated solid solution alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第9期140卷 260-276页

作者： Yanwen Zhang Lumin Wang william J.Weber Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA Department of Materials Science&Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA

Many multicomponent concentrated solid solution alloys(CSAs),including high-entropy alloys(HEAs),exhibit improved radiation resistance and enhanced structural stability in harsh *** study and assess irradiation resistance of nuclear materials,energetic ion and electron beams are commonly used to create displacement ***,charged particles of ions,electrons,and positrons are unique tools to create and characterize radiation *** beam analysis(e.g.,Rutherford backscattering spectrometry,nuclear reaction analysis,and time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis),electron microscopy techniques(e.g.,transmission or scanning electron microscopy,and electron diffraction),and positron annihilation spectroscopy have been applied to characterize irradiated CSAs or HEAs to understand defect formation and evolution together with chemical and microstructural *** distinctive analyzing power and some perspectives in these techniques are *** developing structural alloys desirable for applications in advanced reactors,neutron exposure is a critical test but the limitation in achievable high damage levels is,however,a *** irradiation is often used as a surrogate for neutron irradiation,and the associated reduced transmutations and higher displacements per atom(dpa)rates are desirable for materials ***,cautions need to be taken when relying on ion irradiation results for reactor *** on differences between ions and neutrons is briefly *** addition,the links to bridge the current advances on fundamental understandings to reactor applications are discussed to lay the groundwork between neutrons and ions for radiation effects studies.

关键词： chemical disorder high-entropy alloys chemically complex alloys charged particles radiation resistance displacement damage electronic energy loss and ionization transmutation

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Clinical features of Parkinson’s disease with and without rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2017年第1期6卷 347-352页

作者： Ye Liu Xiao-Ying Zhu Xiao-Jin Zhang Sheng-Han Kuo william g.Ondo Yun-Cheng Wu Department of Neurology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNo.100Haining RoadShanghai 200080People’s Republic of China Department of Neurology College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkUSA Methodist Neurological Institute HoustonTXUSA

Background:Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder(RBD)and Parkinson’s disease(PD)are two distinct clinical diseases but they share some common pathological and anatomical *** study aims to confirm the clinical features of RBD in Chinese PD ***:One hundred fifty PD patients were enrolled from the Parkinson`s disease and Movement Disorders Center in Department of Neurology,Shanghai general Hospital from January 2013 to August *** study examined PD patients with or without RBD as determined by the REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire(RBDSQ),assessed motor subtype by Unified PD Rating Scale(UPDRS)III at“on”state,and compared the sub-scale scores representing tremor,rigidity,appendicular and *** also assessed the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),Clinical Dementia Rating(CDR),and Parkinson’s disease Sleep Scale(PDSS).Results:One hundred fourty one PD patients entered the final study.30(21.28%)PD patients had probable RBD(pRBD)diagnosed with a RBDSQ score of 6 or *** were no significant differences for age,including age of PD onset and PD duration,gender,smoking status,alcohol or coffee use,presence of anosmia or freezing,UPDRS III,and H-Y stages between the pRBD+and pRBD−***+group had lower MMSE scores,higher PDSS scores,and pRBD+PD patients had more prominent proportion in anxiety,depression,constipation,hallucination and a greater prevalence of orthostatic ***:pRBD+PD patients exhibited greater changes in non-motor ***,there was no increase in motor deficits.

关键词： Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Parkinson’s disease Depression Cognitive decline Orthostatic hypotension Motor deficits

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Ductile deformation mechanism in semiconductor α-Ag_(2)S

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 289-294页

作者： guodong Li Qi An Sergey I.Morozov Bo Duan william A.goddard III Qingjie Zhang Pengcheng Zhai g.Jeffrey Snyder State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology430070 WuhanChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Nevada RenoRenoNV 89557USA Department of Computer Simulation and Nanotechnology South Ural State UniversityChelyabinsk 454080Russia Materials and Process Simulation Center California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA

Inorganic semiconductor α-Ag_(2)S exhibits a metal-like ductile behavior at room temperature,but the origin of this high ductility has not been fully explored *** on density function theory simulations on the intrinsic mechanical properties of α-Ag_(2)S,its underlying ductile mechanism is attributed to the following three factors:(i)the low ideal shear strength and multiple slip pathways under pressure,(ii)easy movement of Ag–S octagon framework without breaking Ag−S bonds,and(iii)a metallic Ag−Ag bond forms which suppresses the Ag-S frameworks from slipping and holds them *** easy slip pathways(or easy rearrangement of atoms without breaking bonds)in α-Ag_(2)S provide insight into the understanding of the plastic deformation mechanism of ductile semiconductor materials,which is beneficial for devising and developing flexible semiconductor materials and electronic devices.

关键词： deformation ductile ductility

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选择氧化物载体调变乙醇重整和1,3-丁二烯加氢反应双金属催化剂(英文)

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催化学报 2013年第11期34卷 2009-2017页

作者：王铁峰 william Lonergan 陈经广清华大学化工系绿色反应工程与工艺北京市重点实验室北京100084 特拉华大学化学与生物分子工程系催化科技中心美国纽瓦克DE19716 哥伦比亚大学化工系美国纽约NY10027

研究了不同载体负载的Pt-Ni双金属和单金属催化剂上乙醇重整和1,3-丁二烯加氢反应性能, 以考察氧化物载体对双金属结构和催化活性的影响. 所用的氧化物载体包括γ-Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, CeO2以及高比表面积(HSA)和低比表面积(LSA)ZrO2. ... 详细信息

研究了不同载体负载的Pt-Ni双金属和单金属催化剂上乙醇重整和1,3-丁二烯加氢反应性能, 以考察氧化物载体对双金属结构和催化活性的影响. 所用的氧化物载体包括γ-Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, CeO2以及高比表面积(HSA)和低比表面积(LSA)ZrO2. 采用共浸渍法制备催化剂, 用CO化学吸附、透射电镜和扩展X射线吸收精细结构光谱进行催化剂表征, 采用傅里叶变换红外间歇反应器进行化学反应评价. 对于乙醇重整反应, Pt-Ni双金属催化剂优于单金属催化剂, Pt-Ni双金属催化剂活性顺序为TiO2>SiO2>-Al2O3≈LSA-ZrO2>CeO2>HSA-ZrO2. 对于1,3-丁二烯加氢反应, 在SiO2,TiO2和HSA-ZrO2载体上双金属催化剂优于单金属催化剂, Pt-Ni双金属催化剂活性顺序为SiO2>CeO2>-Al2O3>LSA-ZrO2>HSA-ZrO2≈TiO2.

关键词：铂镍双金属催化剂载体影响乙醇重整 1,3-丁二烯加氢扩展X射线吸收精细结构光谱

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Light-absorbing Particles in Snow and Ice: Measurement and Modeling of Climatic and Hydrological impact

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第1期32卷 64-91页

作者： Yun QIAN Teppei J.YASUNARI Sarah J.DOHERTY Mark g.FLANNER william K.M.LAU MINg Jing Hailong WANg Mo WANg Stephen g.WARREN Rudong ZHANg Atmospheric Sciences and global Change Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research Universities Space Research Association NASA goddard Space Flight Center Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Washington Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Michigan Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of Maryland College Park 20740MD USA Earth Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University

Light absorbing particles（LAP, e.g., black carbon, brown carbon, and dust） influence water and energy budgets of the atmosphere and snowpack in multiple ways. In addition to their effects associated with atmospheric heating by absorption of solar radiation and interactions with clouds, LAP in snow on land and ice can reduce the surface reflectance（a.k.a., surface darkening）, which is likely to accelerate the snow aging process and further reduces snow albedo and increases the speed of snowpack melt. LAP in snow and ice（LAPSI） has been identified as one of major forcings affecting climate change, *** the fourth and fifth assessment reports of IPCC. However, the uncertainty level in quantifying this effect remains very high. In this review paper, we document various technical methods of measuring LAPSI and review the progress made in measuring the LAPSI in Arctic, Tibetan Plateau and other mid-latitude regions. We also report the progress in modeling the mass concentrations, albedo reduction, radiative forcing, and climatic and hydrological impact of LAPSI at global and regional scales. Finally we identify some research needs for reducing the uncertainties in the impact of LAPSI on global and regional climate and the hydrological cycle.

关键词： light-absorbing aerosol snow ice albedo measurement climate modeling hydrological cycle

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granular activated carbons from palm nut shells for gold di-cyanide adsorption

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第2期20卷 172-179页

作者： william K.Buah Paul T.williams Energy Research Institute The University of LeedsLeeds LS2 9JTUnited Kingdom

granular activated carbons were produced from palm nut shells by physical activation with steam. The proximate analysis of palm nut shells was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, and the adsorption capacity of the activated carbons, produced as a result of shell pyrolysis at 600℃ followed by steam activation at 900℃ in varying activation times, was evaluated using nitrogen adsorption at 77 K. Applicability of the activated carbons for gold dicyanide adsorption was also investigated. Increasing the activation hold time with the attendant increase in the degree of carbon burn-off results in a progressive increase in the surface area of the activated carbons, reaching a value of 903.1 m2/g after activation for 6 h. The volumes of total pores, mieropores, and mesopores in the activated carbons also increase progressively with the increasing degree of carbon burn-off, resulting from increasing the activation hold time. The gold di-cyanide adsorption of the activated carbons increases with the rise of pore volume of the activated carbons. The gold di-cyanide adsorption of palm nut shell activated carbon obtained after 6-h activation at 900℃ is superior to that of a commercial activated carbon used for gold di-cyanide adsorption.

关键词： activated carbon adsorption gold cyanides processing pyrolysis

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