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Recycled asphalt shingle modified asphalt mixture design and performance evaluation

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第2期7卷 205-214页

作者： He Wang Punyaslok Rath william gButtlar Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

The inclusion of recycled asphalt shingles(RAS)in asphalt mixtures has become increasingly common;however,the underlying design principles vary significantly by *** primary objectives of this study included:(1)evaluating the‘binder availability’concept for RAS mixtures through a carefully designed laboratory experiment;(2)demonstrating a balanced mixture performance testing approach for the design of RAS mixtures;and(3)evaluating the field data of RAS mixtures placed in the Midwest region of the *** asphalt mixture designs with RAS contents of 0,2.5%and 5.0%,which were designed to have nearly identical volumetric characteristics,were *** binder availability was determined to be approximately 100%in the two RAS mixtures *** addition,Hamburg wheel tracking and disk-shaped compact tension tests were conducted to evaluate the high-and low-temperature mixture *** expected,the addition of RAS significantly improved the rutting ***-shaped compact tension(DC(T))test results demonstrated that a soft base binder effectively permitted the design of thermal-crack-resistant RAS *** investigations indicated that the performance of pavement surfaces containing RAS was similar to that of surfaces containing only reclaimed asphalt pavement or virgin *** study also highlights a performanceengineered mix design approach,which is currently being adopted by several agencies in the Midwest(e.g.,Illinois Toll way,Missouri DOT,etc.)and can provide mix designers a reliable approach for designing innovative asphalt mixtures with higher recycling levels and a modern,heterogeneous ***,the proposed approach may prove to be a simpler,more mixture-centric alternative to the primary method suggested in AASHTO PP78-17,which recommends arbitrary VMA bumping plus binder extraction,recovery,and advanced binder testing.

关键词： Pavement Recycled asphalt shingles RAS DC(T) Cracking

Post-fire regeneration dynamics in whitebark pine(Pinus albicaulis) forests in Wind River and Absaroka Mountains,Wyoming, USA

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 719-733页

作者： Jennifer g.Klutsch Betsy A.goodrich william R.Jacobi Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University Ft. CollinsCO 80523-1177 USA Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta 442 Earth Science BuildingEdmonton AB T6G 2E3 Canada School of Forestry Northern Arizona University PO Box 15018 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA

Whitebark pine （Pinus albicaulis） populations are in decline across the species＇ range due to historic wildfire exclusion, mountain pine beetle （Dendroctonus ponderosae, MPB） outbreaks, and an invasive fungal pathogen causing the disease white pine blister rust （Cronartium ribicola, WPBR）. Despite reliance on stand- replacing fires, information on whitebark pine regeneration occurrence is limited and the trajectory of future forests is largely unknown in some areas of the range. Regeneration densities were assessed in burned and adjacent non-burned areas at six high elevation locations in northwest Wyoming where stand-replacing fires occurred 8-32 years before thesurveys. In these locations at the eastern extent of the species range, we assessed what site factors were associ- ated with regeneration success. Whitebark pine regen- eration density was greater and seedlings were older in non-burned compared to burned areas. Within burns, north aspects had more regeneration than south aspects. Potential seed source densities and other species＇ regeneration were positively related to whitebark p^ne regeneration densities in burned areas. South facing slopes or grass covered areas may have either delayed or no regeneration of whitebark pine without the help of artificial planting.

关键词： Recruitment Age structure White pineblister rust - Mountain pine beetle Restoration

The Question of Academic Freedom:Universal Right or Relative Term

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Frontiers of Education in China 2014年第1期9卷 4-23页

作者： william g.TIERNEY Michael LANFORD Pullias Center for Higher Education Rossier School of EducationUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA

In this essay,we interrogate the role of academic freedom in the 21st century by describing its historical genesis in the modern university,its association with the concept of tenure,and how it is reinterpreted by different cultural and social ***,we examine traditional infringements by national governments upon academic freedom,as well as new infringements brought on by the forces of globalization and *** academic freedom not only protects scholarly inquiry,but the health and safety of academics across the world,we argue that academic freedom is a“transcendent value”that should be respected by political and institutional forces and carefully defended by engaged scholars.

关键词： academic freedom commercialization higher education globalization tenure

PARAMETRIC STUDY OF TISSUE OPTICAL CLEARINg BY LOCALIZED MECHANICAL COMPRESSION USINg COMBINED FINITE ELEMENT AND MONTE CARLO SIMULATION

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2010年第3期3卷 203-211页

作者： william C.VOgT HAIOU SHEN gE WANg CHRISTOPHER g.RYLANDER School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University ICTAS Bldg. Stanger St.Blacksburg Virginia 24061USA School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Department of Mechanical Engineering ICTAS Bldg. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University BlacksburgVirginia 24061USA

Tissue Optical Clearing Devices(TOCDs)have been shown to increase light transmission through mechanically compressed regions of naturally turbid biological *** hypothesize that zones of high compressive strain induced by TOCD pins produce localized water displacement and reversible changes in tissue optical *** this paper,we demonstrate a novel combined mechanical finite element model and optical Monte Carlo model which simulates TOCD pin compression of an ex vivo porcine skin sample and modified spatial photon fluence distributions within the *** of this simulation qualitatively suggest that light transmission through the skin can be significantly affected by changes in compressed tissue geometry as well as concurrent changes in tissue optical *** development of a comprehensive multi-domain model of TOCD application to tissues such as skin could ultimately be used as a framework for optimizing future design of TOCDs.

关键词： Finite element Monte Carlo optical clearing porcine skin tissue compression

Review of 5-FU resistance mechanisms in colorectal cancer:clinical significance of attenuated on-target effects

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2023年第2期6卷 257-272页

作者： william H.gmeiner Charles Chidi Okechukwu Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology graduate Program InstitutionWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA

The emergence of chemoresistant disease during chemotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil-based(5-FU-based)regimens is an important factor in the mortality of metastatic CRC(mCRC).The causes of 5-FU resistance are multifactorial,and besides DNA mismatch repair deficiency(MMR-D),there are no widely accepted criteria for determining which CRC patients are not likely to be responsive to 5-FU-based ***,there is a need to systematically understand the mechanistic basis for 5-FU treatment failure and an urgent need to develop new approaches for circumventing the major causes of 5-FU *** this manuscript,we review mechanisms of 5-FU resistance with an emphasis on:(1)altered anabolic metabolism limiting the formation of the primary active metabolite Fluorodeoxyuridylate(5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate;FdUMP);(2)elevated expression or activity of the primary enzymatic target thymidylate synthase(TS);and(3)dysregulated programmed cell death as important causes of 5-FU ***,these causes of 5-FU resistance can potentially be overcome through the use of next-generation fluoropyrimidine(FP)polymers(e.g.,CF10)that display reduced dependence on anabolic metabolism and more potent TS inhibitory activity.

关键词： Fluoropyrimidine 5-FU resistance colorectal cancer chemotherapy precision medicine thymidylate synthase

Vertical membrane floating breakwater

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1992年第4期11卷 603-610页

作者： McDougal, william g Sollit, Charles K Wentong, Liu

The basic purpose of any breakwater is to protect a harbor, moored vessels or an offshore structure from excessive incident wave attack. Breakwater can be classified as either fixed structures or floating ones. The ve... 详细信息

关键词： Vertical membrane floating breakwater flexible

Analysis of Corrosion Mechanisms of Low-cement or No-cement Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO gunning Mix with Special Calcined Alumina in Rotary Slag Test

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China's Refractories 2023年第4期32卷 16-21页

作者： LEE Yaotsung ZHAO Lite LEE Johnson LIU william Hsin LianHsin EnterpriseCo. Ltd.Kaohsiung 831702China ALTEO Alumina Taipei 110502China Wuhan Ruxing Technology Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430415China

Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO and Al_(2)O_(3)-spinel low cement castables(LCC-AM and LCC-AS)have been extensively used in steel ladles as working ***,the use of alumina-magnesia gunning mixes has been mainly kept for maintaining these castable linings,because of high rebound loss,poor green strength,high porosity and short *** to a high BET alumina(MC-g),it is now possible to develop a series of high-performance no-cement or low-cement Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO gunning mixes(NCg-AM or LCg-AM).The paper focuses on the BOF slag resistance of NCg-AM,LCg-AM,LCC-AM and *** corrosion mechanisms of rotary slag samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM/EDS).The results reveal different microstructures around MgO particles,depending on the four used *** and thicker spinel phases were formed in NCg-AM,which was proved to have the best corrosion resistance after the dynamic slag ***-g can provide a high diffusion flux of Al^(3+)in terms of kinetics and hence inhibits Kirkendall porosity around MgO *** addition,a continuous spinel phase acts like a pinning nail to reinforce the matrix and thus decreases erosion by *** contrast to NCg-AM,the porous spinel phase was found around unreacted MgO particles and some particles were carried away near the interface of LCC-AM and *** NCg-AM containing MC-g had been tested in two steel plants,and it extended the service life of the ladles up to 50%.In addition,this study suggests the potential application of NCg-AM as steel ladle linings.

关键词： reactive alumina ladle working lining dynamic slag test kirkendall effect no-cement gunning mix

Empirical studies of escape behavior find mixed support for the race for life model

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 305-313页

作者： Kwasi WRENSFORD Jahaziel gUTIERREZ william E.COOPERJR Daniel T.BLUMSTEIN Department of Integrative Biology Museum of Vertebrate ZoologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested ButteCO 81224USA Department of Biology Indiana University Purdue University Fort WayneFort WayneIN 46805USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California6121 Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA

Escape theory has been exceptionally successful in conceptualizing and accurately predicting effects of numerous factors that affect predation risk and explaining variation in flight initiation distance(FID;predator–prey distance when escape begins).Less explored is the relative orientation of an approaching predator,prey,and its eventual *** relationship between an approaching threat and its refuge can be expressed as an angle we call the“interpath angle”or“Φ,”which describes the angle between the paths of predator and prey to the prey’s refuge and thus expresses the degree to which prey must run toward an approaching *** general,we might expect that prey would escape at greater distances if they must flee toward a predator to reach its ***“race for life”model makes formal predictions about howΦshould affect *** evaluated the model by studying escape decisions in yellow-bellied marmots Marmota flaviventer,a species which flees to *** found support for some of the model’s predictions,yet the relationship betweenΦand FID was less *** may not assessΦin a continuous fashion;but we found that binning angle into 445°bins explained a similar amount of variation as models that analyzed angle *** studies ofΦ,especially those that focus on how different species perceive relative orientation,will likely enhance our understanding of its importance in flight decisions.

关键词： antipredator behavior escape behavior escape theory escape trajectory race for life model

Screening Helicobacter pylori genes induced during infection of mouse stomachs

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世界胃肠病学杂志：英文版 2012年第32期18卷 4323-4334页

作者： Aparna Singh Nathaniel Hodgson Ming Yan Jungsoo Joo Lei gu Hong Sang Emmalena gregory-Bryson william g Wood Yisheng Ni Kimberly Smith Sharon H Jackson william g Coleman Laboratory of Biochemistry and genetics National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 United States Laboratory of Host Defenses National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 United States

AIM:To investigate the effect of in vivo environment on gene expression in Helicobacter pylori(***) as it relates to its survival in the ***:In vivo expression technology(IVET) systems are used to identify microbial virulence *** modified the IVET-transcriptional fusion vector,pIVET8,which uses antibiotic resistance as the basis for selection of candidate genes in host tissues to develop two unique IVET-promoter-screening vectors,pIVET11 and *** novel IVET systems were developed by the fusion of random Sau3A DNA fragments of *** and a tandem-reporter system of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and ***,each vector contains a kanamycin resistance *** used a mouse macrophage cell line,RAW 264.7 and mice,as selective media to identify specific genes that *** expresses in *** expression studies were conducted by infecting RAW 264.7 cells with *** was followed by real time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) analysis to determine the relative expression levels of in vivo induced ***:In this study,we have identified 31 in vivo induced(ivi) genes in the initial *** 31 genes belong to several functional gene families,including several well-known virulence factors that are expressed by the bacterium in infected mouse *** factors,vacA and cagA,were found in this screen and are known to play important roles in *** infection,colonization and *** detection validates the efficacy of these screening *** of the identified ivi genes have already been implicated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of *** and other bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Vibrio *** profiles of allivi genes were confirmed by real time PCR analysis of *** RNA isolated from *** infected RAW 264.7 *** compared the expression profile of *** and RAW 264.7 coculture with that of *** *** ge

关键词：幽门螺旋杆菌基因表达感染过程诱导基因胃炎小鼠筛选卡那霉素抗性基因