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Comparisons of Properties of Acetylcholinesterase from Two Field-Collected Populations of Oxya chinensis Thunberg(Orthoptera:Acrididae)and the Role of Acetylcholinesterase in the Susceptibility to malathion

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第1期4卷 47-53页

作者： ma en-bo College of Life Science and Technology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R.China

In this study, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was extracted from two field-collected populations of Oxya chinensis (XinxiangCity, Henan Province and Changzhi City, Shanxi Province). AChE activities were decreased when concentrations of ATCincreased, showing a characteristic phenomenon of substrate inhibition at high concentration in both populations. Suchinhibition occurred at relatively low concentration for AChE from Xinxiang population but relatively high for AChE fromChangzhi population. The kinetic study showed that there were no significant differences between the two populations inthe Km values. The Km value in Changzhi population was only 1.09-fold higher than that in Xinxiang population. However,significant differences were observed between the two populations in Vmax values. The Vmax value in Changzhi populationwas 1.32-fold higher than that in Xinxiang population. The inhibition study in vitro showed that the AChE from bothpopulations exhibited similar rank order in sensitivity to inhibition by three OPs, as determined by comparison of theirbimolecular rate constants (ki), from the most potent inhibition to the least was chlopyrifos-oxon > paraoxon >demeton-s-methyl for AChE from the two populations and that the ki values in Xinxiang population were lower than those in Changzhipopulation. The I50 values of AChE from Xinxiang population were 4.84-, 2.66-, and 1.92-fold less sensitive to inhibition byparaoxon, chlopyrifos-oxon, and demeton-s-methyl. These results were consistent with the results in bioassay. It isinferred that AChE insensitivity to OP insecticides plays an important role in the differences of insusceptibility of Oxyachinensis to malathion between the two populations.

关键词： Acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition enzyme kinetics Oxya chinensis

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The Susceptibilities of Oxya chinensis(Orthoptera:Acridoidea) to malathion and Comparison of the Esterase Properties from Three Collected Populations in Tianjin Area,China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第1期8卷 76-82页

作者： WU Hai-hua YANG Mei-ling GUO Ya-ping ma en-bo Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R.China

The susceptibilities of Oxya chinensis to malathion were studied in three populations collected from outskirt of Tianjin, China, using bioassays and biochemical analysis. Populations were chosen to represent different exposure to insecticides： BDG （Beidagang; low exposure）, BD （Baodi; high exposure previously but low exposure now）, and JN （Jinnan; high exposure）. The results showed that the LD50 values of BD and JN populations were 3.95- and 12.02-fold and 3.64- and 10.07- fold higher than that of BDG population in females and males, respectively. The LD50 values in females were higher than those in males. The results of biochemical analysis indicated that the esterase （EST） activities in JN population were higher than those in BD and BDG populations. They showed that when α-NA, α-NB, and α-NA were used as substrates, females＇ EST activities of JN population were 1.11-, 1.30-, and 1.14-fold and 1.39-, 1.59-, and 1.54-fold higher than those of BD and BDG populations, respectively. When α-NA, α-NB, and β-NA were used as substrates, males＇ EST activities of JN population were 1.13-, 1.12-, and 1,00-fold and 1.20-, 1.14-, and 1.07-fold higher than those of BD and BDG populations, respectively. The results also showed that the specific activities of the females were higher than those of the males in the BD and JN populations, whereas the specific activities of the males were higher than those of the females in the BDG population. The results of bioassay were consistent with those of biochemical analysis. Thus, it was inferred that the elevated ESTs activities might play an important role in conferring the differences of susceptibility of O. chinensis to malathion in the three collected populations. enzyme kinetic studies indicated that the Km and Vmax values were different among the three collected populations and between the females and the males. The observed changes in the kinetic parameters might be explained by differential expression patterns of isozymes so that th

关键词： Oxya chinensis esterase enzyme kinetics malathion susceptibility

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Oxidative stress related enzymes in response to chromium(VI) toxicity in Oxya chinensis (Orthoptera: Acridoidae)

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2005年第5期17卷 823-826页

作者： LI Li-jun ZHANG Feng LIU Xue-mei GUO Ya-ping ma en-bo College of Life Science and Technology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China Institution of Soil Science and Fertilizer Shanxi Academy of Agriculture Science Taiyuan 030031 China

The toxic effects of Cr（Vl） on antioxidant enzymes of Oxya chinensis（Orthoptera： Acridoidae） were determined. Changes in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT）, and guaiacol peroxidase（GPx） were measured in O. chinensis insects injected with Cr（VI）. Fifth-nymphs of O. chinensis insects were injected with Cr（VI） with different concentrations （0, 75, 150, 225, 300, 375, 450 mg/kg of body weight）. The results showed that Cr（VI） led to the change of SOD, CAT, and GPx activities at different concentrations, which revealed that：（1） The oxidative stress of SOD increased with the increase of Cr （VI） concentration. （2） With the increase of Cr （VI） concentrations, CAT activities for females increased at lower concentrations, but decreased at higher concentration range, which indicated that antioxidant system of O. chinensis was not influenced by the presence of Cr （VI）. A very similar response to Cr（VI） effect for males indicated that Cr（VI） concentrations were not high enough to damage O. chinensis in terms of CAT. （3） The GPx activity for females increased in all treatments, which revealed that the damage power of Cr（VI） was increased with the increase of Cr（Vi） concentrations in terms of GPx, but the effect was not so remarkable. There was not a consistent trend of GPx activities for males in all treatments of Cr（VI）. Cr（VI）-induced changes in antioxidant enzymes were different for SOD, CAT and GPx, of which the tendency was that activities generally changed with increase of concentrations of Cr（VI） suggesting SOD, CAT, and GPx could serve as indices of oxidative stress to some extent.

关键词： Cr( VI ) Oxya chinensis oxidative stress superoxide dismutase(SOD) catalase (CAT) guaiacol peroxidase(GPx)

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Phylogeny of Limenitidinae Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I Gene Sequences

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第4期10卷 566-575页

作者： ZHANG Min CAO Tian-wen ZHONG Yang GUO Ya-ping ma en-bo Research Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R.China Institute of Plant Protection Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Taiyuan 030031 P.R.China School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P.R.China

The phylogenetic analyses of the subfamily Limenitidinae are performed based on 1 471 bp of mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I （COI） gene sequence data which were obtained from 21 individuals spanning 9 genera, along with those of 17 species obtained from GenBank, using Apatura iris, Aglais urticae, and Polyura dolon as outgroup species. Although the transitions at the third codon positions of the COI data set were highly saturated, they were still retained for analysis as they contain the majority of the phylogenetic information, and thus, the maximum pasimony （MP） under different weighting schemes and maximum likelihood （ML） trees were reconstructed in this study. The results showed that within this subfamily, the results based on the COI gene sequences are approximately identical to the traditional classification results. However, the clustering of Lexias pardalis and Tanaecia julii within the genus Euthalia as well as the clustering of Phaedyma aspasia within the genus Neptis with weak support are different from that of the current classification scheme made by Chinese scholars. The genus Limenitis is splited into two subclusters in the trees constructed by using MP and ML methods. These results support one of the strongest hypotheses for the tribe relationships within Limenitidinae.

关键词： Nymphalidae Limenitidinae mtDNA molecular phylogeny cytochrome oxidase I gene

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A Photosensitivity Insecticide, 5-Aminolevulinic Acid, Exerts EffectiveToxicity to Oxya chinensis (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第7期10卷 1056-1063页

作者： YANG Mei-ling YIN Kun GUO Ya-ping ma en-bo ZHANG Jian-zhen Research Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R.China environmental Monitoring of China Beijing 100012 P.R.China School of Life Science and Technology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R.China

5-Aminolevulinic acid （ALA）, a major photosensitivity insecticide, has attracted increasing attention as a new type of highly efficient, environmental friendly pesticide to be used to control the pest. To examine whether or not ALA acts effectively to grasshopper, Oxya chinensis and elucidate the detoxification mechanism of ALA, the susceptibility to ALA was assessed in O. chinensis and two major metabolic detoxification enzymes including glutathione S-transferases （GSTs） and general esterases （ESTs）-specific activities were compared in different development stages and different body sections of O. chinensis treated by ALA and the control. The results showed that the ALA exhibited obvious toxicity to the grasshopper in different development stages. In the low-dose treatment （0.0597 mmol L-1）, the mortalities of O. chinensis reached a significant level （55.5% in the 1st instar nymphs, 61.4% in the 2nd instar nymphs, 71.4% in the 3rd instar nymphs, and 64.4% in the 4th instar nymphs. But, there was no dose-dependent toxic effect. Thereby, we proposed that ALA has the potential for acting as photosensitivity insecticide for controlling O. chinensis. GSTs activity assays using CDNB and DCNB as substrates indicated that the thorax and abdomen of the different instar nymphs treated by ALA showed 1.52-5.56 fold significantly increased GSTs activities compared with the control. However, for the ESTs-specific activity assay, there was no significant difference between O. chinensis treated by ALA and the control within different instar nymphs, when a-NA, a-NB and b-NA were used as substrates. Therefore, GSTs-mediated metabolic detoxification as evidenced by significantly increased GSTs activities might contribute to protect against oxidative damage and oxidative stress by ALA in O. chinensis.

关键词： 5-aminolevulinic acid toxicity glutathione S-transferases general esterases Oxya chinensis

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Analysis on Genetic Relationship of Oxya chinensis and Oxya japonica from Xuzhou and Pingshan, China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2006年第2期5卷 116-122页

作者： ZHANG Jian-zhen ZHANG Min GUO Ya-ping ma en-bo College of Life Science and Technology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R.China

Genetic relationship among Oxya chinensis populations and Oxya japonica populations collected from Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province and Pingshan County, Hebei Province, China were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） markers. A total of 125 DNA bands ranging from 200 to 2 200 bp were amplified by 10 random primers in DNA samples from 43 grasshopper individuals. One hundred and twenty-three （99%） of these bands were polymorphic. Shannon＇s index showed that the genetic, diversity within O. chinensis （0.3432） was higher than that of O. japonica （0.2781）. Nei＇s genetic distance between O. chinensis population and O. japonica population from the same area was less than that between populations from two different areas. The dendrogram based on Nei＇s genetic distance of RAPD markers was constructed using the unweighted pair group method with the arithmetic average （UPGma） and Neighbor-Joining （NJ） methods. Cluster analysis indicated that all the individuals were grouped into two main clusters. O. chinensis populations from Xuzhou and Pingshan formed one cluster, and O. japonica populations from the two regions belonged to another cluster. The results demonstrated that RAPD can detect within species, and among closely related species. polymorphisms to distinguish minor difference among individuals

关键词： Oxya chinensis Oxya japonica random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genetic relationship

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Characteristics and roles of cytochrome b5 in cytochrome P450-mediated oxidative reactions in Locusta migratoria

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第6期19卷 1512-1521页

作者： LIU Jiao ZHANG Xue-yao WU Hai-hua ma Wen ZHU Wen-ya Kun-Yan ZHU ma en-bo ZHANG Jian-zhen Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006P.R.China College of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006P.R.China Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006P.R.China Institute of Plant Protection Shanxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesTaiyuan 030031P.R.China Department of entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Cytochrome b5(Cyt-b5)is a small heme protein and known to be involved in a wide range of biochemical transformations,in eluding cytochrome P450 monooxyge nase(CYP)-mediated metabolism of endoge nous and exogenous compo un *** on Cyt-b5 are more con centrated in mammals,but are relatively rare in in *** characteristics and functi on of Cyt-b5 from Locusta migratoria have not been described *** sequeneed the full-length cDNA sequenee of Cyt-b5 from ***(LmCyt-b5)by reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR)based on locust transcriptome *** phylogenetic analysis showed that LmCyt-b5 was closely related to the Cyt-b5 from ***-b5 was highly expressed in ovary,malpighian tubules,midgut,gastric caeca,and fat *** of LmCyt-b5 had no effect on the susceptibility of *** to four different *** of LmCyt-b5 or silencing of both LmCyt-b5 and LmCPR did not significantly change the total CYP activity toward the substrate 7-ethoxycoumarin(7-EC).However,coexpression of LmCYP6FD1 with LmCPR and LmCyt-b5 together in Sf9 cells by using Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system significantly increased the catalytic activity of LmCYP6FD1 toward 7-EC as compared with the coexpression of ***6FD1 with cytochrome P450 reductase(LmCPR)or LmCyt-b5 *** results suggest that LmCyt-b5 plays an important role in the catalytic reaction of LmCYP6FD1 toward 7-EC in our in vitro *** study is needed to clarify the role of LmCyt-b5 in CYP-mediated catalytic reactions in ***.

关键词： cytochrome b5 cytochrome P450 cytochrome P450 reductase Locusta migratoria RNA interference

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Accumulation of cadmium and copper by female Oxya chinensis (Orthopera: Acridoidea) in soil-plant-insect system

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2006年第2期18卷 341-346页

作者： LI Li-jun LIU Xue-mei DUAN Yi-hao GUO Ya-ping CHenG Bin GUO Jun XI Yu-ying ma en-bo Institution of Soil Science and Fertilizer Shanxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences Taiyuan 030031 China College of Life Science and Technology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China School of environmental Science and Resources Taiyuan 030006 China

One purpose of this research is to present accumulation of cadmium （Cd） and copper （Cu） by female Oxya chinensis （Orthopera： Acridoidea） in a simulated soil-plant-insect ecosystem treated with Cd. Fourth-instar nymphs of O. chinensis had been fed on wheat （Triticurn aestivum） seedlings contaminated with Cd and Cu for one month. In the ecosystem, the Cd concentration in wheat seedlings rose greatly with the increasing of Cd in the soil, but the Cu concentration in wheat seedlings was not found elevated. There was a highly significant difference（P〈0.05） in Cd concentrations of wheat seedlings and not any significant difference（P〉0.05） in Cu concentrations of wheat seedlings. The Cd and Cu concentration in different body part-head, thorax, abdomen, and hind femur, varied under different Cd concentrations in soil. There were significant differences （P〈0.05） in the four parts of Cd and Cu accumulations with all treatments. The order of Cd accumulation was thorax 〉abdomen 〉head 〉hind femur and the Cu was abdomen 〉thorax 〉 head〉hind femur. The results indicated that Cd and Cu were accumulated from the soil to grasshoppers through the plant; that is to say, Cd and Cu in environment could be transported to animal or human via food chain.

关键词： accumulation cadmium(Cd) copper(Cu) grasshopper(Oxya chinensisi) soil-plant-insect ecosystem

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Comparative Studies of Substrate and Inhibitor Specificity of Glutathione S-Transferases in Six Tissues of Oxya chinensis(Thunberg)(Orthoptera:Acrididae)

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第4期7卷 462-468页

作者： WU Hai-hua ZHU Kun-yan GUO Ya-ping ZHANG Xiao-min ma en-bo Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R.China Department of entomology Kansas State University Manhattan 66506 USA

Specific activity, substrate specificity, and kinetic parameters （Km and Vmax） of glutathione S-transferases （GSTs） towards three substrates, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene （CDNB）, 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene （DCNB）, and p-nitrobenzene chloride （pNBC） were investigated in six tissues （foregut, midgut, hindgut, fat body, hemolymph, and muscle） of Oxya chinensis. In addition, the inhibition in vitro （ethacrynic acid, and Cibacron Blue 3GA） of Oxya chinensis in the six tissues was also investigated. Glutathione S-transferase activity was detected in all the six tissues examined. The rank order of GST activities towards CDNB was fat body 〉 midgut 〉 hindgut 〉 muscle 〉 foregut 〉 hemolymph both in females and males. Glutathione S-transferase activities in the fat body in females and males were 1.3- to 10.4-fold and 1.1- to 10.0- fold higher than those in the other tissues. The rank order of GST activities towards the other substrates changed slightly. From these results, it was inferred that GSTs in the fat body and midgut played important roles in detoxifying xenobiotics including insecticides and plant allelochemicals in O. chinensis. In the three substrates examined, CDNB seemed to be the best substrate, followed by pNBC and DCNB. The kinetic parameters of GSTs were different among the six tissues. This suggested that GSTs in different tissues have various affinities and catalytic efficiency to substrates. In vitro inhibition study showed that the median inhibition concentration （IC50） values of the two inhibitors to GSTs from the six tissues were different. The results suggested that the two inhibitors have different inhibition potency to GSTs from the different tissues. The observed changes in kinetic parameters and inhibition in vitro among the six tissues of the insect might suggest that the number and structure of isoenzymes and their rate of expression varied for the different tissues.

关键词： Oxya chinensis glutathione S-transferase (GST) tissue distribution kinetic parameters inhibition in vitro

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Characterization of Carboxylesterase Associated with malathion Insensitivity in the Field Population of the Oriental Migratory Locust

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第5期7卷 591-598页

作者： YANG Mei-ling ZHANG Jian-zhen ZHANG Jian-qin GUO Ya-ping ma en-bo Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R. China

Carboxylesterases （CarEs） from two field populations of the oriental migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis （Meyen）, were examined to try to understand their contribution to malathion insensitivity. The CarEs activities in Wudi population （WD） were 1.75- and 1.50-fold significantly higher than those in Huangliu population （HL） when a-naphthyl acetate （a-NA） and [3-naphthyl acetate were used as substrates, respectively. Such elevated CarEs activities presented in the WD could be because of an increased staining intensity of the a-NA-hydrolyzing CarEs as shown on the nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Inhibition studies of CarEs using paraoxon and malaoxon indicated that CarE activities in the HL were more strongly inhibited than those in the WD. Furthermore, a 449-bp DNA fragment of CarE was obtained from L. migratoria manilensis. Hemiquantity reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that CarE gene expression level in the WD was higher than that in the HL. The higher CarE activities and the increased CarE mRNA level in the WD appeared to be associated with decreased susceptibility to malathion in the WD due to the application of organophosphorus insecticides.

关键词： carboxylesterases enzyme kinetics enzyme inhibition RT-PCR Locusta migratoria manilensis

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