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Late Quaternary Activity of the Huashan Piedmont Fault and Associated Hazards in the Southeastern Weihe Graben,Central China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第1期91卷 76-92页

作者： DU Jianjun LI Dunpeng WANG Yufang ma yinsheng Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard Ministry of Land and Resources Beijing 100081 China College of Zijin Mining Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China Center of Oil and Gas Resources Survey China Geological Survey Beijing 100029 China

The Weihe Graben is not only an important Cenozoic fault basin in China but also a significant active seismic zone. The Huashan piedmont fault is an important active fault on the southeast side of the Weihe Graben and has been highly active since the Cenozoic. The well–known Great Huaxian County Earthquake of 1556 occurred on the Huashan piedmont fault. This earthquake, which claimed the lives of approximately 830000 people, is one of the few large earthquakes known to have occurred on a high–angle normal fault. The Huashan piedmont fault is a typical active normal fault that can be used to study tectonic activity and the associated hazards. In this study, the types and characteristics of late Quaternary deformation along this fault are discussed from geological investigations, historical research and comprehensive analysis. On the basis of its characteristics and activity, the fault can be divided into three sections, namely eastern, central and western. The eastern and western sections display normal slip. Intense deformation has occurred along the two sections during the Quaternary; however, no deformation has occurred during the Holocene. The central section has experienced significant high–angle normal fault activity during the Quaternary, including the Holocene. Holocene alluvial fans and loess cut by the fault have been identified at the mouths of many stream valleys of the Huashan Mountains along the central section of the Huashan piedmont fault zone. Of the three sections of the Huashan piedmont fault, the central section is the most active and was very active during the late Quaternary. The rate of normal dip–slip was 1.67–2.71±0.11 mm/a in the Holocene and 0.61±0.15 mm/a during the Mid–Late Pleistocene. As is typical of normal faults, the late Quaternary activity of the Huashan piedmont fault has produced a set of disasters, which include frequent earthquakes, collapses, landslides, mudslides and ground fissures. Ground fissures mainly occur on the hangin

关键词： Weihe Graben Huashan piedmont fault late Quaternary fault–related hazards normal fault

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Analysis of the Wenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake's Co-seismic Stress and Displacement Change by Using the Finite Element Method

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第4期87卷 1120-1128页

作者： SUN Dongsheng WANG Lianjie WANG Hongcai ma yinsheng ZHOU Chunjing CUI Junwen Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard Ministry of Land and Resources Institute of Geomechanics Chinese academy of Geological Sciences Institute of Geology Chinese academy of Geological Sciences

The variation of in situ stress before and after earthquakes is an issue studied by geologists. In this paper, on the basis of the fault slip dislocation model of Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, the changes of co-seismic displacement and the distribution functions of stress tensor around the Longmen Shan fault zone are calculated. The results show that the co-seismic maximum surface displacement is 4.9 m in the horizontal direction and 6.5 m in the vertical direction, which is almost consistent with the on-site survey and GPS observations. The co-seismic maximum horizontal stress in the hanging wall and footwall decreased sharply as the distance from the Longmen Shan fault zone increased. However, the vertical stress and minimum horizontal stress increased in the footwall and in some areas of the hanging wall. The study of the co-seismic displacement and stress was mainly focused on the long and narrow region along the Longmen Shan fault zone, which coincides with the distribution of the earthquake aftershocks. Therefore, the co-seismic stress only affects the aftershocks, and does not affect distant faults and seismic activities. The results are almost consistent with in situ stress measurements at the two sites before and after Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake. Along the fault plane, the co-seismic shear stress in the dip direction is larger than that in the strike direction, which indicates that the faulting mechanism of the Longmen Shan fault zone is a dominant thrust with minor strike-slipping. The results can be used as a reference value for future studies of earthquake mechanisms.

关键词： Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake co-seismic stress field co-seismic displacement field finiteelement method in sitn stress measurement

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Prospects of Carboniferous Shale Gas Exploitation in the Eastern Qaidam Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第2期88卷 620-634页

作者： LI Yingjie SUN Yanling ZHAO Yan CHANG Chun YU Qingchun ma yinsheng School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Shale gas is a resource of emerging importance in the energy *** countries in the world have been making big financial investments in this *** shale in the eastern Qaidam Basin shows good exploration prospects,but limited research and exploration work for shale oil and gas resources has been *** analyses were performed on shale derived from the Upper Carboniferous Hurleg Formation in the eastern Qaidam Basin,Qinghai Province,and secondary electron imaging capability of a Field Emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM） was used to characterize the microstructure of the *** reservoir and exploitation potential of the studied shale was assessed by comparison with research results obtained from the Barnett Formation shale in Fort Worth Basin,North America and the Basin shale of Sichuan *** results indicate that the eastern Qaidam Basin Carboniferous shale is high-quality source *** are four major microstructural types in the study area：matrix intergranular pores,dissolution pores,intergranular pores,and *** size of the micropores varies from 6-633 nm,the majority of which is between 39-200 nm,with a relatively small number of micro-scale pores ranging from 0.13-1 μ*** pore characteristics of the studied shales are similar to the North American and Sichuanese shales,indicating that they have good reservoir *** micropores are present in the organic matter,which is induced by its composition; instead we found an important lamellar structure in the organic *** micropores and microfractures are abundant,and are connected to natural visible cracks that form the network pore system,which controls the storage and migration of shale *** connectivity is favorable for shale gas exploitation,providing great scientific potential and practical value.

关键词： Scanning microscopy pore structure organic geochemistry Carboniferous shale gas Hurleg Formation Qinghai-Tibet plateau

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Thermal Evolution of Plutons and Uplift Process of the Yanshan Orogenic Belt

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第1期74卷 7-13页

作者： WU Zhenhan CUI Shengqin ZHU Dagang FENG Xiangyang ma yinsheng Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081

Abstract: Thermochronological dating was used to study the thermal evolution of the Mesozoic plutons and uplift history of the Yanshan orogenic belt. The results show that the cooling history of the plutons is complicated, corresponding to the inhomogeneous uplift process of the Yanshan orogenic belt. The Panshan granite cooled fast during 226.48–204.95 ma at a rate of 10.22°C/ma after its emplacement at a depth of about 10 km, and its fast uplift occurred in about 96–35 ma at an average rate of 0.115 mm/a. The Wulingshan pluton cooled fast during 132–127.23 ma at a rate of 94.34°C/ma, and its rapid uplift occurred in 86–45 ma at an average rate of 0.186 mm/a. The Yunmengshan granite cooled fast during 143–120.99 ma at a rate of 19.51°C/ma, and its rapid uplift occurred in 106–103.95 ma and 20–0.0 ma at a rate of 1.06 mm/a and 0.15 mm/a respectively. The Sihetang granite-gneiss uplifted rapidly since 13 ma at an average rate of 0.256 mm/a. The Badaling granite uplifted rapidly since 6 ma at an average rate of 0.556 mm/a. The Cenozoic uplift of the Yanshan Mountains can be well correlated to the rifting process of the surrounding basins.

关键词： thermal evolution uplift process thermochronological dating Yanshan orogenic belt

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The variety of thermal conduction resulting from segmented degree of heat source body and its bearing on temperature change

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第15期44卷 1411-1415页

作者： Guxian Lü Hongcai Wang Tao Guo yinsheng ma Daogong Hu Chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Geomech Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

The differences of thermal conduction and its temperature-varying track of the heat source body at various structural environments have been studied. Hypothetically, geologic heat source body is cut successively into several segregative bodies with a fixed cubage. With the segmented number increasing, the conductive surface area of heat source body begins to get larger, which separately is similar to the heat geologic body in different tectonic zones that has a various enclosed coefficient η（η=S0/sum from i=（1,n）（Si））. Finite-element simulation result shows that the thermal conduction speed of spreading from the heat source body to its wall rock is slow→higher→highest, when heat source bodies are situated respectively at compressive, shear and tensile deformation zones, corresponding rates of their temperature drop are low→higher→highest. Research indicates that the temperature’s dropping rate of heat source body has an inverse relationship with enclosed coefficient η for different structural

关键词： thermal conduction segmented degree finite-element tectono-physicochemistry.

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Application of teleseismic tomography to the study of shallow structure beneath Shizigou in the western Qaidam basin

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Earthquake Science 2009年第2期22卷 189-195页

作者： Xiaoming Xu yinsheng ma Danian Shi Xiaofeng Wang Chengming Yin Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment Qinghai Oilfield Company PetroChina Dunhuang Gansu 736202 China

Teleseismic body wave traveltime tomography is used to inverse the three-dimensional seismic velocity structure beneath Shizigou in the western Qaidam basin. The travel time are picked from the continuous observation data on a small seismic array of stations deployed during 2004-2007. The tomographic results obtained indicate that a NW-trending low velocity anomaly just beneath the target region insert northeastwards with a high dip angle. In the north, northeast and east of the low velocity anomaly, some high-velocity anomalies distribute with the same strike and coverage as those of Shizigou anticline.

关键词： Qaidam basin velocity structure traveltime residuals teleseismic tomography

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Report on 3.4 Ga SHRIMP Zircon Age from the Yuntaishan Geopark in Jiaozuo, Henan Province

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2006年第1期80卷 52-57页

作者： GAO Linzhi ZHAO Ting WAN Yusheng ZHAO Xun ma yinsheng YANG Shouzheng Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 Beijing Center of SHRIMP Beijing 100037 Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 The Second Geological Team Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Henan Province Jiaozuo Henan 454100

Using the reported new U-Pb age with the Sensitive High-Resolution Ion Microprobe （SHRIMP Ⅱ）, zircon U-Pb ages were obtained from two samples of K-feldspar felsic paragneiss and K-feldspar gneissoid trondhjemite on the southern margin of the Taihang Mountains in the North China Craton. The protolith of the K-feldspar felsic paragneiss is argillaceous-sandy clastic sedimentary rock, probably deposited in the Neoarchean. Most of the detritus zircons show heavy loss of Pb. Five spots of zircons near the upper point, yield a weighted mean ^207Pb/^206Pb age of 3399±8 ma, representing an age of the sedimentary source. Two groups of zircons from the K-feldspar gneissoid trondhjemite give weighted mean ^207Pb/^206Pb ages of 2511±13 ma and 2735±16 ma respectively. The former represents the emplacement time of the pluton, while the latter is interpreted as the age of the inherited zircons. The new data support that the Archean geological body in the central zone has an affinity with those from the eastern block of the North China Craton.

关键词： Neoarchean SHRIMP supracrustal rock volcanic rock North China Craton

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Indosinian Supergene Karsts in the Qaidam Basin,NW China:Evidence from Paleo-tectonics,Paleoclimates and Paleo-fluids

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第1期96卷 386-399页

作者： LI Zongxing PENG Bo QI Kening LIU Dapeng ma yinsheng ZHANG Wang HU Junjie WANG Jiaqi Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geomechanics China Geological SurveyBeijing 100081China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Shanghai Geophysical Branch Sinopec Offshore Oilfield Services Corporation LTDShanghai 201208China Tongren University TongrenGuizhou 554300China

In the Qaidam basin,Northwest China,karstic fissures and caves are developed in many places of the Lower Carboniferous Chengqianggou *** Huaitoutala *** the Upper Carboniferous Keluke Fm.,in which are found typical karstic *** suites of transgressive carbonate rocks formed during the Late Paleozoic epoch are preserved as reservoir properties in the Qaidam basin,with paleokarst-related cave-fractured diagenetic structures,which provided the basis for cavefractured *** and clastic samples covering or infilling caves and fractures in Carboniferous strata were collected in the eastern Qaidam basin to focus on petrological and geochemical analyses of karst and infilling *** on this study of the Caledonian diagenetic sequence,and bitumen-infilled inclusion temperature and burial history,there existed a continuous atmospheric freshwater leaching process,which played a critical role in the construction of the Carboniferous supergene *** and survey of the tectonic setting,plate paleolatitude and river development intensity also proves that there was abundant rainfall during the Indosinian period,after which the strata undergo a shallow burial *** Indosinian period is earlier than the key timing of hydrocarbon-generation of the Carboniferous source rocks,this kind of karst reservoir has potential significance for oil-gas resources in this area.

关键词： petroleum resources geochemistry karst Carboniferous between Triassic and Jurassic Qaidam basin

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Evolution of the Carboniferous Reef in Eastern Qaidam Basin and its Hydrocarbon Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第1期91卷 349-350页

作者： PENG Bo LIU Chenglin LI Zongxing ma yinsheng CAO Jun ZHANG Wang ZHANG Xu Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

Objective Reef reservoirs have recently been receiving more and more attention due to their important role in petroleum ***-scale reefs have been previously discovered in the Paleozoic strata of western China,suchas the Late Permian of the Sichuan Basin,Late Ordovician of the Ordos Basin,and Late Ordovician of the Tarim Basin,which are all important hydrocarbon reservoirs in these areas.

关键词： In Evolution of the Carboniferous Reef in Eastern Qaidam Basin and its Hydrocarbon Significance

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Rapid Identification and Emergency Investigation of Surface Ruptures and Geohazards Induced by the M_s 7.1 Yushu Earthquake

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第6期84卷 1315-1327页

作者： ZHANG Yongshuang YAO Xin XIONG Tanyu ma yinsheng HU Daogong YANG Nong GUO Changbao Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard MLR Beo＇ing 100081 China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

The rapid identification based on InSAR technology was proved to be effective in our emergency investigation of surface ruptures and geohazards induced by the Yushu *** earthquake-generating fault of the Yushu earthquake is the Yushu section of the Garze-Yushu faults *** strikes NWW-NW,23 km long near the Yushu County seat,dominated by left-lateral strike slip,and appearing as a surface rupture *** macroscopic epicenter is positioned at Guo-yang-yan -song-duo of Gyegu Town（33°03＇11＂N,96°51＇26＂E）,where the co-seismic horizontal offset measured is 1.75 *** induced by the Yushu earthquake are mainly rockfalls,landslides,debris flows, and unstable *** are controlled by the earthquake-generating fault and are mostly distributed along *** are several geohazard chains having been established,such as earthquake,canal damage,soil liquefying,landslide-debris flow,earthquake,soil liquefying,roadbed deformation,*** order to prevent seismic hazards,generally,where there is a visible surface rupture induced by the Yushu earthquake,reconstruction should be at least beyond 20 m,on each side,from *** attention should also be given to potential geohazards or geohazard chains induced by the earthquake.

关键词： Yushu earthquake InSAR surface rupture macroscopic epicenter earthquake geohazard

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