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monogenic diabetes in children:An underdiagnosed and poorly managed clinical dilemma

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1051-1059页

作者： Saptarshi Bhattacharya Joseph m Pappachan Department of Endocrinology Indraprastha Apollo HospitalsDelhi 110076India Department of Endocrinology and metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

monogenic diabetes,constituting 1%-2%of global diabetes cases,arises from single gene defects with distinctive inheritance *** over 50 associated genetic disorders,accurate diagnoses and management of monogenic diabetes remain inadequate,underscoring insufficient clinician *** disease spectrum encompasses maturity-onset diabetes of the young(mODY),characterized by distinct genetic mutations affecting insulin secretion,and neonatal diabetes mellitus(NDm)-a heterogeneous group of severe hyperglycemic disorders in *** diabetes,autoimmune monogenic diabetes,genetic insulin resistance and lipodystrophy syndromes further diversify the monogenic diabetes landscape.A tailored approach based on phenotypic and biochemical factors to identify candidates for genetic screening is recommended for suspected cases of *** diagnosis warrants immediate molecular genetic testing for infants under six *** these genetic defects presents a unique opportunity for precision *** research aimed to develop cost-effective genetic testing methods and gene-based therapy can facilitate appropriate identification and optimize clinical *** and study of new genes offer a valuable opportunity to gain deeper insights into pancreatic cell biology and the pathogenic mechanisms underlying common forms of *** clinical review published in the recent issue of World Journal of Diabetes is such an attempt to fill-in our knowledge gap about this enigmatic disease.

关键词： monogenic diabetes maturity-onset diabetes of the young Neonatal diabetes mitochondrial diabetes Insulin resistance syndromes Genetic testing Next generation sequencing

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Overcoming geographical and socioeconomic limitations in colorectal cancer screening

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1683-1689页

作者： Sofia Rozani Panagis m Lykoudis School of medicine National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

Despite colorectal cancer’s(CRC)high global incidence,residents of low-and middle-income countries,as well as low-income minorities in advanced economies have low screening *** studies demonstrate that in these groups higher incidence of CRC is observed,yet screening rates remain low for consistent *** income,low educational background,and lack of awareness in combination with inadequate social security of certain population groups impede access and compliance rates to CRC *** the other hand,despite the global availability of multiple screening approaches(colonoscopy,sigmoidoscopy,faecal occult blood test,faecal immunochemical test,computed tomography-colonography,etc.)with proven diagnostic validity,many low-income countries still lack established screening *** absence of screening guidelines in these countries along with the heterogeneity of guidelines in the rest of the world,demonstrate the need for global measures to tackle this issue *** essential step forward is to develop a global approach that will link specific elements of screening with the incidence and available resources in each country,to ensure the achievement of at least a minimum screening program in low-income *** cheaper,cost-effective techniques,which can be carried out by less specialized healthcare providers,might not be equivalent to endoscopy for CRC screening but seems more realistic for areas with fewer *** has been highlighted as the most pivotal element for the effective implementation of any screening program concerning ***,multiple studies have demonstrated that outreach strategies and community-based educational programs are associated with encouraging outcomes,yet a centrally coordinated expansion of these programs could provide more consistent ***,patient navigator programs,wherever implemented,have increased CRC screening and improved ***,global coordin

关键词： Colorectal cancer Screening Low-and middle-income countries Socioeconomic disparities Cancer

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East Asian VLBI Network observations of active galactic nuclei jets:imaging with KaVA+Tianma+Nanshan

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第8期21卷 220-234页

作者：崔玉竹 Kazuhiro Hada motoki Kino Bong-Won Sohn Jongho Park Hyun-Wook Ro Satoko Sawada-Satoh Wu Jiang Lang Cui mareki Honma 沈志强 Fumie Tazaki 安涛 Ilje Cho Guang-Yao Zhao Xiao-Peng Cheng Kotaro Niinuma Kiyoaki Wajima Ying-Kang Zhang Noriyuki Kawaguchi Juan-Carlos Algaba Shoko Koyama Tomoya Hirota Yoshinori Yonekura Nobuyuki Sakai Bo Xia Yong-Bin Jiang Lin-Feng Yu Wei Gou Ju-Yeon Hwang Yong-Chen Jiang Yun-Xia Sun Dong-Kyu Jung Hyo-Ryoung Kim Jeong-Sook Kim Hideyuki Kobayashi Jee-Won Lee Jeong-Ae Lee Hua Zhang Guang-Hui Li Zhi-Qiang Xu Peng Li Jung-Hwan Oh Se-Jin Oh Chung-Sik Oh Tomoaki Oyama Duk-Gyoo Roh Katsunori-m.shibata 郭文 Rong-Bing Zhao Wei-Ye Zhong Jin-Qing Wang Wen-Jun Yang 闫浩 Jae-Hwan Yeom Bin Li 李笑飞 Jian-Ping Yuan Jian Dong Zhong Chen Kazunori Akiyama Keiichi Asada Do-Young Byun Yoshiaki Hagiwara Jeffrey Hodgson Tae-Hyun Jung Kee-Tae Kim Sang-Sung Lee Kunwoo Yi Qing-Hui Liu Xiang Liu Ru-Sen Lu masanori Nakamura Sascha Trippe Na Wang Xue-Zheng Wang 张波 Department of Astronomical Science The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesSOKENDAI2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-8588Japan mizusawa VLBI Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan2-12 HoshigaokaMizusawaOshuIwate 023-0861Japan Kogakuin University of Technology and Engineering Academic Support Center2665-1 NakanoHachiojiTokyo 192-0015Japan Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Yuseong-guDaejeon 34055Korea Department of Astronomy Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Korea Department of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology217 Gajeong-roDaejeonKorea Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica645 N Aohoku PIHiloHI 96720USA Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi UniversityYoshida 1677-1YamaguchiYamaguchi 753-8512Japan Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Institute of Astronomy The University of Tokyo2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-0015Japan Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomia s/nGranada E-18008Spain Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Center for Astronomy Ibaraki University2-1-1 BunkyoMitoIbaraki 310-8512Japan Space Light Laboratory 77Yangjaedae-ro 86 roadGangdong-guSeoulKorea massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone RoadWestfordMA 01886USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont RdCharlottesvilleVA 22903USA Toyo University 5-28-20 HakusanBunkyo-kuTokyo 112-8606Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National UniversityGwanak-guSeoul 08826Korea max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy Auf dem hiigel 69Bonn 53121Germany SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National UniversityGwanak-guSeoul 08826Korea

The East Asian Very Long Baseline Interferometry(VLBI) Network(EAVN) is a rapidly evolving international VLBI array that is currently promoted under joint efforts among China,Japan and *** aims at forming a joint VLBI Network by combining a large number of radio telescopes distributed over East Asian *** the combination of the Korean VLBI Network(KVN) and the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry(VERA) into Ka VA,further expansion with the joint array in East Asia is actively *** we report the first imaging results(at 22 and 43 GHz) of bright radio sources obtained with Ka VA connected to Tianma 65-m and Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescopes in *** test the EAVN imaging performance for different sources,we observed four active galactic nuclei(AGN) having different brightness and *** a result,we confirmed that the Tianma 65-m Radio Telescope(TmRT) significantly enhances the overall array sensitivity,a factor of 4 improvement in baseline sensitivity and 2 in image dynamic range compared to the case of Ka VA *** addition of the Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescope(NSRT) further doubled the east-west angular *** the resulting high-dynamic-range,high-resolution images with EAVN(Ka VA+TmRT+NSRT),various fine-scale structures in our targets,such as the counter-jet in m87,a kink-like morphology of the 3 C 273 jet and the weak emission in other sources are successfully *** demonstrates the powerful capability of EAVN to study AGN jets and to achieve other science goals in *** expansion of EAVN will further enhance the angular resolution,detection sensitivity and frequency coverage of the network.

关键词： galaxies:active galaxies:jets instrumentation:interferometers radio continuum:galaxies

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mechanisms behind the environmental sensitivity of carbon fiber reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 997-1015页

作者： Pontus JOHANSSON P.mARKLUND m.BJORLING Y.SHI Division of machine Element LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleåSE-97187Sweden

Carbon fiber reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene (CF/PTFE) composites are known for their exceptional tribological performance when sliding against steel or cast iron in inert gas environments. Compared to experiments in humid air, about an order of magnitude lower wear rate and several times lower coefficient of friction have been reported for tests conducted in dry nitrogen and hydrogen. moreover, trace moisture has been shown to affect the friction and wear significantly of this tribosystem, although a possible effect of oxygen cannot be ruled out due to uncertainties regarding the oxygen concentrations. While several studies have pointed out the environmental sensitivity of CF/PTFE, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms are very limited. The objective of this research is to investigate the individual and combined effect of oxygen and moisture on the tribological behavior of CF/PTFE sliding against steel. Additionally, this study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that govern the environmental sensitivity of the system. Climate-controlled three-pin-on-disc experiments were conducted in nitrogen atmospheres at various concentrations of oxygen and moisture. The tribological results clearly demonstrate that both moisture and oxygen contribute to increased friction and wear. However, the adverse effect was much more pronounced for oxygen than moisture. A qualitative method was developed to estimate the tribofilm coverage on the CF/PTFE surface. Results showed strong correlation between high coverage of strongly adhered tribofilm and low wear rate. moreover, a loosely adhered tribofilm was observed on top of the CF/PTFE surface in presence of moisture. FTIR analysis indicated that the loosely adhered tribofilm found in the moisture-enriched environment contained a significant amount of adsorbed water, which may explain the lower coefficient of friction in presence of moisture compared to oxygen. The adsorbed water in the loosely adhered tribofilm coul

关键词： polymer composite tribofilm tribochemistry atmosphere

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Kaoline-based catalyst for a high stability desulfurization of sour heavy naphtha in a three-phase oscillatory baffled reactor

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 249-260页

作者： Hassan m.Hmood Saba A.Gheni Safaa m.R.Ahmed mudheher m.Ali Hamid Yonis Saleh mohammed H.mohammed Awad E.mohammed marwan A.mahomood Hiba R.mohammed Ahmed A.Hassan Adam Harvey North Refineries Company Ministry of OilIraq Chemical Engineering Department Tikrit UniversityIraq ministry of Oil Iraq AL-Hawija Technical Institute Northern Technical UniversityMoselIraq School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityUK

To meet the rapidly increasing demand for energy and the dramatic depletion of conventional crude oil,it is imperative to utilize sour *** no coke being produced,oxidative desulfurization(ODS)of naphtha lowers its sulfur content and average molecular *** this article,we outline a method for heavy naphtha non-extractive ODS using a very stable *** technique involves the use of a solid catalyst with oxygen gas as the *** necessitated relatively high mixing intensities;hence a three-phase Oscillatory Baffled Reactor(OBR)was *** catalyst was based on the zeolite ZSm-5,prepared from natural kaolin by a series of delamination and activation steps and impregnated with Fe.A TiO2 nanolayer was applied,using the sol-gel method,to prevent rapid *** reactor performance was evaluated to minimize the sulfur content in the naphtha *** to the protective coating,the sulfur conversion stabilized at 90%.The results of this work establish the use of natural clay-based catalysts in a continuous,three-phase ODS,particularly with regard to proving long-term *** also showed that modest ODS can be achieved using an environmentally friendly oxidant,at mild operating conditions,whilst maintaining stability.

关键词： Natural kaoline Desulfurization Three-phase Oscillatory baffled reactor

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Empirical model for fusion cross sections of Ca-induced reactions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 126-132页

作者： Reddi Rani.L N.Sowmya K.N Sridhar H C.manjunatha m.m.Armstrong Arasu Department of Physics St.Joseph's College(Autonomous)Affiliated to Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli620002TNIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeChikkaballapur-562101KarnatakaIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeMalur-563160KarnatakaIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeDevanahalli-562110KarnatakaIndia

A new empirical formula for the astrophysical S-factor has been suggested as a function of the Coulomb interaction parameter,center of mass energy,and barrier *** 22 fusion reactions with ^(40,48)Ca as projectiles were considered for different targets,leading to compound nuclei with atomic and mass numbers varying between 40≤Z≤≤Z≤112 and 88≤A≤27888≤A≤278,*** fusion cross-sections have been estimated using the geometric factor,the Gamow-Sommerfield factor,and the empirical formula for the *** study's findings showed better agreement with those of available experiments when compared to Wong's *** present work leads to a smaller standard deviation value than Wong's formula when used to correlate the experimental data of calcium-induced fusion ***'s formula provides a good approximation of fusion cross-sections when the center of mass energy is below the fusion barrier when compared to above the fusion barrier.

关键词： fusion cross-sections Wong formula Gamow-Sommerfield-factor Geometric-factor S-factor

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Current remarks and future directions on the interactions between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and COVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1480-1487页

作者： Leonidas Brilakis Eirini Theofilogiannakou Panagis m Lykoudis School of medicine National&Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Division of Surgery&Interventional Science University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

During the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,particular interest rose regarding the interaction between metabolic dysfunctionassociated fatty liver disease(mAFLD)and the COVID-19 *** studies highlighted the fact that individuals with mAFLD had higher probability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and more severe adverse clinical *** of the proposed mechanisms is the inflammatory response pathway,especially the one involving cytokines,such as interleukin 6,which appeared particularly elevated in those patients and was deemed responsible for additional insult to the already damaged *** should increase our vigilance in terms of early detection,close follow up and early treatment for individuals with mAFLD and COVID-19 *** the direction of early diagnosis,biomarkers such as cytokeratin-18 and scoring systems such as Fibrosis-4 index score are ***-19 is a newly described entity,expected to be of concern for the years to come,and mAFLD is a condition with an ever-increasing *** the interaction between these two entities should be brought into the focus of *** morbidity and mortality of patients with COVID-19 and mAFLD should be the ultimate objective,and the optimal way to achieve this is by designing evidence-based prevention and treatment policies.

关键词： metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease COVID-19 Liver fibrosis Cytokine storm Drug induced liver injury

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Charged Particles Capture Cross-section by a Weakly Charged Schwarzschild Black Hole

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 143-148页

作者： A.m.Al Zahrani A.Al-Jama Physics Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

We study the capture cross-section of charged particles by a weakly charged Schwarzschild black *** dependence of the maximum impact parameter for capture on the particle’s energy is investigated numerically for different values of the electromagnetic coupling strength between the particle and the black *** capture cross-section is then *** show that the capture cross-section is independent of the electromagnetic coupling for ultra-relativistic *** astrophysical implications of our results are discussed.

关键词： accretion accretion disks black hole physics stars: black holes

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Greatly enhanced corrosion/wear resistances of epoxy coating for mg alloy through a synergistic effect between functionalized graphene and insulated blocking layer

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 332-344页

作者： Z.Y.Xue X.J.Li J.H.Chu m.m.Li D.N.Zou L.B.Tong School of metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The poor corrosion and wear resistances of mg alloys seriously limit their potential applications in various *** conventional epoxy coating easily forms many intrinsic defects during the solidification process,which cannot provide sufficient *** the current study,we design a double-layer epoxy composite coating on mg alloy with enhanced anti-corrosion/wear properties,via the spin-assisted assembly *** outer layer is functionalized graphene(FG)in waterborne epoxy resin(WEP)and the inner layer is Ce-based conversion(Ce)*** FG sheets can be homogeneously dispersed within the epoxy matrix to fill the intrinsic defects and improve the barrier *** Ce film connects the outer layer with the substrate,showing the transition *** corrosion rate of Ce/WEP/FG composite coating is 2131 times lower than that of bare mg alloy,and the wear rate is decreased by~90%.The improved corrosion resistance is attributed to the labyrinth effect(hindering the penetration of corrosive medium)and the obstruction of galvanic coupling *** synergistic effect derived from the FG sheet and blocking layer exhibits great potential in realizing the improvement of multi-functional integration,which will open up a new avenue for the development of novel composite protection coatings of mg alloys.

关键词： mg alloy Functionalized graphene Epoxy coating Corrosion/wear resistance Blocking layer

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On multi-Granulation Rough Sets with Its Applications

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1025-1038页

作者： Radwan Abu-Gdairi R.mareay m.Badr Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceZarqa UniversityZarqa13132Jordan Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33516Egypt Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceNew Valley UniversityEl Kharga72713Egypt

Recently,much interest has been given tomulti-granulation rough sets (mGRS), and various types ofmGRSmodelshave been developed from different viewpoints. In this paper, we introduce two techniques for the classificationof mGRS. Firstly, we generate multi-topologies from multi-relations defined in the universe. Hence, a novelapproximation space is established by leveraging the underlying topological structure. The characteristics of thenewly proposed approximation space are *** introduce an algorithmfor the reduction ***, a new approach for the classification ofmGRS based on neighborhood concepts is introduced. Finally, areal-life application from medical records is introduced via our approach to the classification of mGRS.

关键词： multi-granulation rough sets data classifications information systems interior operators closure operators approximation structures

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