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Petawatt and exawatt class lasers worldwide

High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第3期7卷 168-221页

作者： Colin N.Danson Constantin Haefner Jake Bromage Thomas Butcher Jean-Christophe FChanteloup Enam A.Chowdhury Almantas Galvanauskas Leonida A.Gizzi Joachim Hein David I.Hillier Nicholas W.Hopps Yoshiaki Kato Efim A.Khazanov Ryosuke Kodama Georg Korn Ruxin Li Yutong Li Jens Limpert Jingui ma Chang Hee Nam David Neely Dimitrios Papadopoulos Rory R.Penman Liejia Qian Jorge J.Rocca andrey A.Shaykin Craig W.Siders Christopher Spindloe Sándor Szatmári Raoul m.G.m.Trines Jianqiang Zhu Ping Zhu Jonathan D.Zuegel AWE AldermastonReadingUK OxCHEDS Clarendon LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK CIFS Blackett LaboratoryImperial CollegeLondonUK NIF&Photon Science Directorate Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreUSA Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology(ILT) AachenGermany Chair for Laser Technology LLT RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser EnergeticsRochesterUSA Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryChiltonDidcotUK LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitesEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance Department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusUSA Centre for Ultrafast Optical Science University of MichiganAnn ArborUSA Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory Istituto Nazionale di Ottica(INO)CNRPisaItaly Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena and Helmholtz InstituteJenaGermany The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries NishikuHamamatsuJapan Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of SciencesNizhny NovgorodRussia Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan ELI-Beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China National Laboratory for Condensed matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute for Applied Physics(IAP)at Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena JenaGermany Helmholtz Institute Jena JenaGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering(IOF) JenaGermany Key Laboratory for Laser Plasma(ministry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Centre for Relativistic Laser Science(CoReLS) Institute for Basic ScienceDepartment of Physics and Photon ScienceGwangju Institute of Science and Techno

In the 2015 review paper‘Petawatt Class Lasers Worldwide’a comprehensive overview of the current status of highpower facilities of>200 TW was *** was largely based on facility specifications,with some description of their uses,for instance in fundamental ultra-high-intensity interactions,secondary source generation,and inertial confinement fusion(ICF).With the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics being awarded to Professors Donna Strickland and Gerard mourou for the development of the technique of chirped pulse amplification(CPA),which made these lasers possible,we celebrate by providing a comprehensive update of the current status of ultra-high-power lasers and demonstrate how the technology has *** are now in the era of multi-petawatt facilities coming online,with 100 PW lasers being proposed and even under *** addition to this there is a pull towards development of industrial and multi-disciplinary applications,which demands much higher repetition rates,delivering high-average powers with higher efficiencies and the use of alternative wavelengths:mid-IR *** apart from a comprehensive update of the current global status,we want to look at what technologies are to be deployed to get to these new regimes,and some of the critical issues facing their development.

关键词： exawatt lasers high-power lasers petawatt lasers ultra-high intensity

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Fungal diversity notes 491–602: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第2期83卷 1-261页

作者： Saowaluck Tibpromma Kevin D.Hyde Rajesh Jeewon Sajeewa S.N.maharachchikumbura Jian-Kui Liu D.Jayarama Bhat E.B.Gareth Jones Eric H.C.mcKenzie Erio Camporesi Timur S.Bulgakov mingkwan Doilom AndreLuiz Cabral monteiro de Azevedo Santiago Kanad Das Patinjareveettil manimohan Tatiana B.Gibertoni Young Woon Lim Anusha Hasini Ekanayaka Benjarong Thongbai Hyang Burm Lee Jun-Bo Yang Paul m.Kirk Phongeun Sysouphanthong Sanjay K.Singh Saranyaphat Boonmee Wei Dong K.N.Anil Raj K.P.Deepna Latha Rungtiwa Phookamsak Chayanard Phukhamsakda Sirinapa Konta Subashini C.Jayasiri Chada Norphanphoun Danushka S.Tennakoon Junfu Li monika C.Dayarathne Rekhani H.Perera Yuanpin Xiao Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Indunil C.Senanayake Ishani D.Goonasekara N.Ide Silva Ausana mapook Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Asha J.Dissanayake Ishara S.manawasinghe K.W.Thilini Chethana Zong-Long Luo Kalani Kanchana Hapuarachchi Abhishek Baghela Adriene mayra Soares Alfredo Vizzini Angelina meiras-Ottoni Armin mesic Arun Kumar Dutta Carlos Alberto Fragoso de Souza Christian Richter Chuan-Gen Lin Debasis Chakrabarty Dinushani A.Daranagama Diogo Xavier Lima Dyutiparna Chakraborty Enrico Ercole Fang Wu Giampaolo Simonini Gianrico Vasquez Gladstone Alves da Silva Helio Longoni Plautz Jr Hiran A.Ariyawansa Hyun Lee Ivana Kusan Jie Song Jingzu Sun Joydeep Karmakar Kaifeng Hu Kamal C.Semwal Kasun m.Thambugala Kerstin Voigt Krishnendu Acharya Kunhiraman C.Rajeshkumar Leif Ryvarden margita Jadan mdIqbal Hosen michal miksık milan C.Samarakoon Nalin N.Wijayawardene Nam Kyu Kim Neven matocec Paras Nath Singh Qing Tian R.P.Bhatt Rafael JoseVilela de Oliveira Rodham E.Tulloss S.Aamir Saithong Kaewchai Sayali D.marathe Sehroon Khan Sinang Hongsanan Sinchan Adhikari Tahir mehmood Tapas Kumar Bandyopadhyay Tatyana YuSvetasheva Thi Thuong Thuong Nguyen Vladimır Antonın Wen-Jing Li Yong Wang Yuvraj Indoliya Zdenko Tkalcec Abdallah m.Elgorban Ali H.Bahkali Alvin m.C.Tang Hong-Yan Su Huang Zhang Itthayakorn Promputtha Jennifer Luangsa-ard Jianchu Xu Jiye Yan Kang Ji-Chuan marc Stadler Pete Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China mushroom Research Foundation 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T.Pa PaeA.Mae TaengChiang Mai 50150Thailand A.m.B.Gruppo micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma 18Forlı`Italy A.m.B.Circolo micologico“Giovanni Carini” C.P.314BresciaItaly Societa`per gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144BagnacavalloRAItaly Formerly Department of Botany Goa UniversityTaleigaoGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaGoa VelhaIndia 33 B St.Edwards Road Southsea Hants Hampshire PO53DHUK Landcare Research manaaki Whenua Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Division of Applied Science College of International EducationThe Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina PostGraduate Program in Biology of Fungi Department of MycologyFederal University of PernambucoAv.Nelson Chavess/nRecifePE 50670-420Brazil Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097People’s Republic of China Environmental microbiology Lab Division of Food TechnologyBiotechnology&AgrochemistryCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesChonnam National UniversityYongbong-Dong 300Buk-GuGwangju 61186Korea Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouPeople’s Republic of China College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences Dali UniversityDali 671003YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Yunnan Institute of Food Safety Kunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500YunnanPeople’s Republic

This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic and phylogenetic papers on the fungi where materials were collected from many countries,examined and *** addition to extensive morphological descriptions and appropriate asexual and sexual connections,DNA sequence data are also analysed from concatenated datasets to infer phylogenetic relationships and substantiate systematic positions of taxa within appropriate ***ever new species or combinations are proposed,we apply an integrative approach using morphological and molecular data as well as ecological features wherever *** on 112 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper including Biatriosporaceae and Roussoellaceae,Didysimulans ***.,81 new species,18 new host records and new country records,five reference specimens,two new combinations,and three sexual and asexual morph *** new species are Amanita cornelii,***,Angustimassarina alni,***,***,***,***,Ascochyta italica,***,Austroboletus appendiculatus,Barriopsis thailandica,Berkleasmium ariense,Calophoma petasitis,Camarosporium laburnicola,***,***,***,***,Colletotrichum sambucicola,Coprinopsis cerkezii,Cytospora gelida,Dacrymyces chiangraiensis,Didysimulans italica,***,Entodesmium italica,Entoloma magnum,Evlachovaea indica,Exophiala italica,Favolus gracilisporus,Femsjonia monospora,Fomitopsis flabellata,***,Gongronella brasiliensis,Helvella crispoides,Hermatomyces chiangmaiensis,***nae,Hysterium centramurum,Inflatispora caryotae,inocybe brunneosquamulosa,***,***,Keissleriella cirsii,Lepiota cylindrocystidia,***,***,Lophiotrema guttulata,marasmius luculentus,morenoina calamicola,moelleriella thanathonensis,mucor stercorarius,myrmecridium fluviae,myrothecium septentrionale,Neosetophoma garethjonesii,Nigrograna cangshanensis,Nodulosphaeria guttulatum,***tata,***,Panus subf

关键词： Agaricomycetes Ascomycota Basidiomycota Dacrymycetes Dothideomycetes Eurotiomycetes New combination mucoromycotina New genus New records New species Pezizomycetes Phylogeny Sordariomycetes Taxonomy

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Indium Tin Oxide Films Prepared by Radio Frequency magnetron Sputtering under Low Vacuum Level

Indium Tin Oxide Films Prepared by Radio Frequency Magnetron...

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2007亚洲显示国际会议

作者： X.D.Li H.B.Zhu J.B.Chu S.Y.Huang Z Sun Y.W.Chen S.m.Huang Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument,ministry of Education,East China Normal University,North Zhongshan Rd.3663,Shanghai 200062,China,

We have prepared indium tin oxide(ITO)thin films using radio frequency(RF)magnetron sputtering and under a quite low vacuum level of 2.3×*** sputtering was done in an Ar and 02 gas mixture at a temperature of 200℃.A ceramic ino:SnO target(10 wt% SnO)was *** microstructures of the films were investigated by a field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEm)and an X-ray diffractometer(XRD).X-ray photoelectron spec- troscopy(XPS)was performed to characterize the compositions of the *** films with a high transparency in the visible wavelength range(80%-95%)were *** a low working pressure(1 Pa),the more highly transparent and conductive films were produced at the lower O flow *** a high working pressure(2 Pa),low quality,low transparency and amorphous films were obtained.

关键词： Indium tin oxide Thin film Radio frequency magnetron sputtering X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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米力农对一氧化氮吸入治疗效果欠佳的新生儿持续肺动脉高压的药理学作用

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中国小儿急救医学 2013年第1期 51-51页

作者： mcNamara PJ Shivananda SP Sahni m 杨明北京和睦家医院

背景新生儿持续肺动脉高压（persistent pulmonary hypertensionof newborn,PPHN）常见且病死率很高。一氧化氮吸入（inhaled nitric oxide,ino）虽是标准治疗方法,但仍有40%的新生儿对其治疗无反应。米力农是一种磷酸二酯酶Ⅲ抑制剂,... 详细信息

背景新生儿持续肺动脉高压（persistent pulmonary hypertensionof newborn,PPHN）常见且病死率很高。一氧化氮吸入（inhaled nitric oxide,ino）虽是标准治疗方法,但仍有40%的新生儿对其治疗无反应。米力农是一种磷酸二酯酶Ⅲ抑制剂,可增加环磷酸腺苷的生物利用度,动物模型实验提示用药后肺循环得到改善。目的主要研究米力农对PPHN的药理学作用,其次研究其安全性和短期预后的关系。方法在对米力农进行的开放试验研究中,PPHN患儿接受50μg/kg的负荷剂量米力农,>60 min静脉输入,再予0.33～0.99μg/（kg·min）的速度维持输液24～72h。同时记录患儿的心肺功能指标和干预措施。在给予米力农负荷剂量后以及维持剂量输液过程中,进行一系列药物浓度监测以判断稳态浓度,停止输液后监测药物浓度以判断药物清除规律。使用米力农前1 h和使用后12 h分别进行心脏超声检查。结果 11例符合PPHN诊断标准的新生儿纳入本研究。胎龄和出生体重分别为（39.2±1.3）周和（3 481±603）g。米力农平均半衰期、机体总清除率、分布容积和稳态浓度分别为（4.1±1.1）h、（0.11±0.01）L/（kg·h）、（0.56±0.19）L/kg和（290.9±77.7） ng/ml。使用米力农后PaO2改善（P=0.002）,FiO2（Pino剂量（Pino治疗反应不佳的患儿,静脉应用米力农可提高氧合,改善肺循环和体循环的血流动力学。以上数据提示有必要对新生儿进行相关的随机对照研究。

关键词：新生儿持续肺动脉高压心肌功能磷酸二酯酶抑制剂氧合功能衰竭

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脑缺血时星形胶质细胞与谷氨酸的相互作用

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国外医学（脑血管疾病分册） 2004年第11期12卷 870-873页

作者：张敬各李树清昆明医学院基础医学院病理生理学教研室 650031

星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的一大类细胞 ,具有重要的生理功能。脑缺血时神经细胞外兴奋性氨基酸 ,特别是谷氨酸浓度大大增高 ,而谷氨酸的兴奋毒性在神经元死亡中起重要作用。星形胶质细胞与谷氨酸的相互作用可保护神经元 ,从而减轻缺... 详细信息

星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的一大类细胞 ,具有重要的生理功能。脑缺血时神经细胞外兴奋性氨基酸 ,特别是谷氨酸浓度大大增高 ,而谷氨酸的兴奋毒性在神经元死亡中起重要作用。星形胶质细胞与谷氨酸的相互作用可保护神经元 ,从而减轻缺血性脑损伤。

关键词：星形胶质细胞谷氨酸脑缺血兴奋毒性神经元死亡兴奋性氨基酸缺血性脑损伤相互作用酸浓度生理功能

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一氧化氮吸人治疗成人及儿童急性呼吸窘迫综合征和急性肺损伤的荟萃与序贯分析综述

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麻醉与镇痛 2013年第1期9卷 61-73页

作者： Arash Afshari Jesper Brok Ann m. mФller JФn Wetterslev 赵贤元(译) 袅源杭燕南(校) Department of Anesthesiology Rigshospitalet Juliane Marie Centre Copenhagen Denmark Cochrane Anaesthesia Review Group and Copenhagen Trial Unit Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagen Denmark Department of Paediatrics Hvidovre Hospital Hvidovre Denmark Copenhagen Trial Unit Center for Clinical Intervention Research Rigshospitalet CopenhagenUniversity Hospital Copenhagen Denmark Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care Herlev Hospital University of Copenhagen Denmark

背景急性肺损伤及急性呼吸窘迫综合征引起的急性低氧性呼吸衰竭是导致各个年龄段高死亡率及发病率的危重病。一氧化氮（nitric oxide，NO）吸入能否改善氧合作用仍有争议。本文就各随机临床试验（randomized clinical trials, RCTs）的... 详细信息

背景急性肺损伤及急性呼吸窘迫综合征引起的急性低氧性呼吸衰竭是导致各个年龄段高死亡率及发病率的危重病。一氧化氮（nitric oxide，NO）吸入能否改善氧合作用仍有争议。本文就各随机临床试验（randomized clinical trials, RCTs）的荟萃及序贯分析作此综述。文献来自对CENTRAL、medline、Embase以及联网CENTRAL, medline, Embase 以及联网Science, LILACS, the Chinese Biomedical Literature数据库（更新至2010年1月31日）。同时查阅了参考文献，联系了作者及专家并跟踪了最新研究。两位研究员独立比较了各项RCTs实验中NO吸入治疗与对照组间的实验方法、干预方式、结果、偏倚因素以及相反意见。入选各双盲类型及语种的研究。回顾性研究参考循证医学。在讨论部分解决不一致的结果。初级转归指标为整体死亡率。有亚组及敏感度分析评估NO吸入治疗对于儿童及成人的临床及生理学转归09作用。使用实验方法学评估偏倚因素。使用试验性序列分析评估随机误差。结果研究包括了14项RCTs，共计1303例患者。其中10项偏倚风险较高。ino在整体死亡率的改善中无显著性统计差异（40.2％vs 38．6％）[相对危险度（relativerisks，RR）1．06，95％可信区间（confidence interval，CI）为0．93-1．22，I^2=0]，一些亚组及灵敏度分析则显示较强劲的结果。有限的数据显示ino在改善通气时间、有助脱机、减少ICU及住院时间方面并无优势。我们发现ino在改善第一个24小时的氧合、减少吸入氧浓度方面有统计学差异[平均差（mean difference，mD）15．91，95％CI为8．25-23．56，I^2=25％]。然而，ino是增加成人肾损伤的危险因素（RR1．59，95％CI1．17-2．16；I^2=0），但不增加出血风险及形成高铁血红蛋白症和二氧化氮的风险。结论不推荐使用ino治疗急性缺氧性呼吸衰竭。ino能暂时改善氧合但不能降低死亡率并有可能对人体有害。

关键词：急性呼吸窘迫综合征急性肺损伤吸入治疗序贯分析一氧化氮成人综述儿童

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一种肺泡毛细血管发育不良伴十二指肠反常扩张的十二指肠闭锁的新合并症

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 53-53页

作者： Usui N. Kamiyama m. Kamata S. 宁亮 Department of Pediatric S urgery Osaka Univ. Grad. School of Medicine Osaka JapanDr.

Background/purpose The authors experienced 3 cases of persistent pulmonary hyp ertension of the neonate (PPHN)-associated with duodenal atresia with paradoxic al dilatation of the distal blind end of the duodenum. The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of this novel association. methods The medical c harts of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results Case 1 was a 2, 862 -g male infant with a prenatal diagnosis of duodenal atresia. The dilated intes tine was identified as the distal blind end of the duodenum during duodeno-duod enostomy. PPHN developed after surgery, and the patient died despite treatment w ith inhaled nitric oxide (ino) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECmO). L ung biopsy results showed alveolar capillary dysplasia (ACD) with misalignment o f pulmonary vessels. Case 2 was a 2, 244-g female infant with duodenal atresia. Surgery could not be performed because of refractory PPHN, which resulted in de ath. Autopsy results showed ACD with misalignment of pulmonary vessels and duode nal atresia associated with dilatation of the distal blind end. Case 3 was a 2, 462-g female infant with a prenatal diagnosis of duodenal atresia associated wi th dilatation of the distal blind end. Enlarged echogenic fetal lungs were noted antenatally. PPHN developed after surgery, and she was extubated successfully u nder combined therapy with ino and intravenous prostacyclin. Unfortunately, she finally died of refractory PPHN. A retrospective review of the prenatal ultrason ographic findings showed enlarged echogenic fetal lungs as in the first 2 cases. Conclusions The characteristics of this novel association are enlarged echogeni c fetal lungs, duodenal atresia associated with paradoxical dilatation of the di stal blind end, and refractory PPHN resistant to ino.

关键词：十二指肠闭锁肺泡毛细血管发育不良产前诊断一氧化氮吸入产前超声检查远端肠管尸检结果病理检查体外膜氧合

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早产儿使用一氧化氮治疗的安全性与疗效

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 23-23页

作者： Hascoet J.m. Fresson J. Claris O. 贺莉 Neonatology Department Maternite Regionale Universi- taire 10 rue du Dr Heydenreich 54042 Nancy France Dr.

Objectives: To assess the safety- efficacy balance of low- dose inhaled nit ric oxide (ino) in hypoxemic premature infants because no sustained beneficial e ffect has been demonstrated clearly and there are concerns about side effects. S tudy design: Eight hundred and sixty infants mized at birth to receive 5 ppm ino or placebo when they presented with hypoxemic respiratory failure (HRF) defined by a requirement for mechanical ventilation, fraction of i nspired oxygen (FIO2) > 40% , and arterio- alveolar ratio in oxygen (aAO2) mary end point was intact survival at 28 days of age. Results: Sixt y- one of 415 infants presented with HRF and were compared with 84 of 445 contr ols who presented with HRF. There was no difference in the primary end point (61 .4% in infants [23% with HRF who were treated with ino] vs 61.1% in contro ls [21.4% in controls with HRF]; P =. 943). For the infants with HRF who were treated with ino, there was no significant difference from controls for intraven tricular hemorrhage (IVH) (6% vs 7% ), necrotizing enterocolitis (8% vs 6 % ), or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (34% vs 37% ). Compared with nonhypoxem ic infants, the risk of bronchopulmonary displasia (BPD) increased significantly in HRF controls (OR = 3.264 [CI 1.461- 7.292]) but not in infants with HRF who were treated with ino (OR = 1.626 [CI 0.633- 4.178]). Conclusions: ino appears to be safe in premature infants but did not lead to a significant improvement i n intact survival on day 28.

关键词：脑室内出血安慰剂低氧血症存活者呼吸衰竭机械通气无显著性差异研究设计生时

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