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Cholangiocarcinoma, gone without the wnt?

world Journal of Hepatology 2016年第26期8卷 1093-1096页

作者： Anne T R Noll Thorsten Cramer Steven w m Olde Damink Frank G Schaap Department of Surgery NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University molecular Tumor Biology Department of GeneralVisceral and Transplantation SurgeryRWTH Aachen University Euregional HPB collaboration Aachen-maastricht Aachen-Maastricht

Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) is a relatively rare malignancy of the intra- or extra-hepatic bile ducts that is classified according to its anatomical localization as intrahepatic, perihilar or distal. Overall, CCA has a dismal prognosis due to typical presentation at an advanced irresectable stage, lack of effective non-surgical treatments, and a high rate of disease recurrence. CCA frequently arises on a background of chronic liver inflammation and cholestasis. Chronic inflammation is accompanied by enhanced cell turnover with generation of additional inflammatory stimuli, and a microenvironment rich in pro-inflammatory mediators and proliferative factors that enable accumulation of mutations, transformation and expansion of mutated cells. A recent study by Boulter et al implicates the wnt signaling cascade in cholangiocarcinogenesis. wnt ligands wnt7 B and wnt10 A were found to be highly overexpressed in human CCA tissue. wnt7 B protein was present throughout the tumor stroma, and often co-localized with a subset of CD68+ macrophages. To address in a direct manner whether wnt signaling is engaged in development of CCA, Boulter et al explored the wnt signaling pathway in an experimental model that recapitulates the multi-stage progression of human *** ligands found to be elevated in human CCA were also upregulated during the course of CCA development following thioacetamide treatment. wnt10 a increased during the(pre-cancerous) regenerative phase, while wnt7 b induction paralleled tumor growth. Along with upregulation of target genes, the findings demonstrate that the canonical wnt pathway is progressively activated during cholangio-carcinogenesis. macrophage depletion,eliminating a major source of wnt7 b, prevented activation of the canonical wnt cascade, and resulted in reduced number and volume of tumors in this model. moreover,specific inhibitors of the canonical wnt pathway(ICG-001 and C-59) caused reduction of tumor area and number,in xenograft and thioacetami

关键词： Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Liver neoplasms Carcinogenesis wnt signaling pathway wnt7B protein wnt proteins

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Preliminary analysis on roles of metal–organic compounds in the formation of invisible gold

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Acta Geochimica 2021年第6期40卷 1050-1072页

作者： medet Junussov mádai Ferenc Kristály Ferenc Tòth Tivadar Fintor Krisztián muránszky Gábor Prekob Ádám Hámor-Vidómária Department of mineralogy and Petrography Institute of Mineralogy and GeologyFaculty of Earth Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of MiskolcMiskolc-Egyetemváros 3515Hungary Institute of mineralogy and Geology Faculty of Earth Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of MiskolcMiskolc-Egyetemváros 3515Hungary Department of mineralogy and Geochemistry Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedAradi vértank tere 1Szeged 6720Hungary Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Material Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of MiskolcMiskolc-Egyetemváros 3515Hungary Department of Geology and meteorology Institute of Geography and Earth SciencesFaculty of SciencesUniversity of PécsVasvári pál utcaPecs 7622Hungary

The paper comprises new analytical data on the nature and occurrence of gold in solid pyrobitumen,closely associated with the main gold-bearing sulfide arsenic ores of the Bakyrchik gold deposit(Kazakhstan),related to post-collisional magmatic-hydrothermal *** mineralization of the deposit occurs mainly in the form of an“invisible”type of gold in the structures of arsenian pyrite and arsenopyrite,and the form of gold-organic compounds of pyrobitumen in carbonaceous-terrigenous sequences of Carboniferous *** and electron microscopic analysis,Raman and FT-Infrared analysis,mineralogical and three-step sequential extraction analysis(NH2OHHCl,H2O2,HNO3?HCl)has been carried out using 9 ore samples(from 3 different types of ores)for a comprehensive study of pyrobitumen and sulfide arsenic ores focusing mainly on organic *** sequentially extracted precious metal content of pyrobitumen reaches up to 7 ppm gold and other metals like Ag 4 ppm,Pt 31 ppb,and Pd 26 ppb,forming metal–organic compounds,while arsenic sulfide minerals incorporate 11 ppm gold,39 ppm Ag,0.49 ppm *** enrichment of gold associating with organic matter and sulfide ore minerals was confirmed in this *** matter was active in the migration of gold and the capture of gold by ***,the reductive organic matter agent released gold,most likely for the sulfide arsenic ore *** was a decisive factor in the concentration,transportation,and preservation of gold in the deposit.

关键词： Gold Pyrobitumen Bakyrchik Vitrinite metal-organic compounds

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Kinetics of chemical leaching of chalcopyrite from low grade copper ore: behavior of different size fractions

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2011年第6期18卷 638-645页

作者： H. Naderi m. Abdollahy N. mostoufi m.J. Koleini S.A. Shojaosadati Z. manafi mining Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Tarbiat Modares University School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Biotechnology Group Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Research & Development Division Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex Kerman *** Iran

The kinetics of the chemical leaching of copper from low grade ore in ferric sulfate media was investigated using the constrained least square optimization technique. The experiments were carried out for different particle sizes in both the reactor and column at constant oxidation-reduction potential （Eh）, pH values, and temperature. The main copper mineral was chalcopyrite. About 40% of Cu recovery is obtained after 7 d of reactor leaching at 85℃ using -0.5 mm size fraction, while the same recovery is obtained at 75℃ after 24 d. Also, about 23% of Cu recovery is obtained after 60 d of column leaching for ＋4--8 mm size fraction whereas the Cu recovery is as low as about 15% for ＋8--12.7 and ＋12.7--25 mm size fractions. A 4-stage model for chalcopyrite dissolution was used to explain the observed dissolution behaviors. The results show that thick over-layers of sulphur components cause the parabolic behavior of chalcopyrite dissolution and the precipitation of Fe3＋ plays the main role in chalcopyrite passivation. In the case of coarse particles, transformation from one stage to another takes a longer time, thus only two stages including the initial reaction on fresh surfaces and S0 deposition are observed.

关键词： chalcopyrite leaching kinetics copper ore treatment particle size

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microstructure and Strain Hardening of a Friction Stir welded High-Strength Al–Zn–mg Alloy

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第4期27卷 723-729页

作者： A.H.Feng D.L.Chen Z.Y.ma w.Y.ma R.J.Song School of materials Science and Engineering Tongji University State Key Laboratory of Advanced welding Production Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Department of mechanical and Industrial Engineering Ryerson UniversityTorontoON M5B 2K3Canada Shenyang National Laboratory for materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

microstructural evolution and strain hardening behavior of a friction stir welded（FSwed） high-strength7075Al-T651 alloy were *** nugget zone was observed to consist of fine and equiaxed recrystallized grains with a low dislocation density and free of original precipitates,but containing uniformly distributed *** strength,joint efficiency,and ductility of the FSwed joints increased with increasing welding speed.A joint efficiency of ＊91% was achieved at a welding speed of 400 mm/min and rotational rate of 800 r/min,while the ductility remained basically the same as that of the base *** was no obvious strain rate sensitivity observed in both base metal and welded *** both the base metal and FSwed joints exhibited stage III and IV hardening characteristics,the hardening capacity,strain hardening exponent,and strain hardening rate all increased after friction stir welding.

关键词： Aluminum alloy Friction stir welding mechanical properties Strain hardening

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Symptom frequency and development of a generic functional disorder symptom scale suitable for use in studies of patients with irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia syndrome or chronic fatigue syndrome

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Chronic Diseases and Translational medicine 2019年第2期5卷 129-138页

作者： michael E.Hyland Alison m.Bacon Joseph w.Lanario Anthony F.Davies School of Psychology University of Plymouth Plymouth PL4 8AA UK Peninsula medical School University of Plymouth Plymouth PL4 8AA UK

Objectives: To describe the extent to which irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), fibromyalgia syndrome (FmS), and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) exhibit symptom overlap, and to validate a patient-derived, generic symptom questionnaire. methods: A patient-derived 61-item symptom-frequency questionnaire was completed by participants recruited through IBS, FmS and CFS self-help websites. Principal axis factor analysis with oblimin rotation was performed separately for those reporting an IBS, FmS or CFS diagnosis. Results: Questionnaires were completed by 1751 participants of whom 851 reported more than one of the three diagnoses. Stomach pain on at least a weekly basis was reported by 79% of IBS, 52% of FmS, and 43% of CFS single diagnosis participants. Pain increasing the day after activity was reported by 32% of IBS, 94% of FmS, and 85% of CFS single diagnosis participants. waking still tired at least once weekly was reported by 75% of IBS, 97% of FmS, and 95% of CFS single diagnosis participants. Exploratory factor analysis produced consistent results across all three diagnostic groups, the 61 items loading on 12 correlated factors with a single higher order factor on which all items loaded. Frequency analysis led to the rejection of one item (cold sores on or near lips), and freeform reporting by participants of additional symptoms identified an additional five, namely, restless legs, hair loss/brittle hair/thinning, dizziness/balance problems, blurred vision and urination problems. Conclusions: IBS, FmS and CFS are polysymptomatic spectrum disorders with a wide range of overlapping symptoms, many of which are unrelated to diagnostic criteria. Frequency analysis and factor analysis confirm the validity of using the same questionnaire across different diagnostic categories. The 65-item general symptom questionnaire (GSQ-65) is a valid generic symptom scale suitable for assessing the many different symptoms of people with IBS, FmS and CFS.

关键词： Functional disorder Fibromyalgia Irritable bowel syndrome Chronic fatigue syndrome Symptom measurement

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Hybrid-Vlasov simulation of soft X-ray emissions at the Earth’s dayside magnetospheric boundaries

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 70-88页

作者： m.Grandin H.K.Connor S.Hoilijoki m.Battarbee Y.Pfau-Kempf U.Ganse K.Papadakis m.Palmroth Department of Physics University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771USA Space and Earth Observation Centre Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland

Solar wind charge exchange produces emissions in the soft X-ray energy range which can enable the study of near-Earth space regions such as the magnetopause,the magnetosheath and the polar cusps by remote sensing *** Solar wind magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SmILE)and Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)missions aim to obtain soft Xray images of near-Earth space thanks to their Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)*** earlier modeling works have already simulated soft X-ray images as might be obtained by SmILE SXI during its mission,the numerical models used so far are all based on the magnetohydrodynamics description of the space *** investigate the possible signatures of ion-kinetic-scale processes in soft Xray images,we use for the first time a global hybrid-Vlasov simulation of the geospace from the Vlasiator *** simulation is driven by fast and tenuous solar wind conditions and purely southward interplanetary magnetic *** first produce global X-ray images of the dayside near-Earth space by placing a virtual imaging satellite at two different locations,providing meridional and equatorial *** then analyze regional features present in the images and show that they correspond to signatures in soft X-ray emissions of mirrormode wave structures in the magnetosheath and flux transfer events(FTEs)at the *** results suggest that,although the time scales associated with the motion of those transient phenomena will likely be significantly smaller than the integration time of the SmILE and LEXI imagers,mirror-mode structures and FTEs can cumulatively produce detectable signatures in the soft X-ray *** instance,a local increase by 30%in the proton density at the dayside magnetopause resulting from the transit of multiple FTEs leads to a 12%enhancement in the line-of-sight-and time-integrated soft X-ray emissivity originating from this ***,a proton density increase by 14%in the magnetosheath

关键词： magnetosphere magnetosheath numerical simulation SmILE LEXI soft X-ray emissions hybrid-Vlasov model polar cusp flux transfer events mirror-mode waves

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B(E2) value of even-even ^(108-112)Pd isotopes by interacting boson model-1

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Chinese Physics C 2014年第2期38卷 24-28页

作者： I.Hossain H.Y.Abdullah I.m.Ahmad m.A.Saeed Department of Physics Rabigh College of Science and Arts King Abdulaziz University Department of Physics College of Education Scientific Department Salahaddin University Department of Physics College of Education Mosul University Department of Physics Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

This work studies the systematic reduced transition probabilities B（E2）↓, intrinsic quadrupole moments and deformation parameters of Pd isotopes with even neutrons from N =62 to 66. The downward reduced transition probabilities B（E2）↓from gamma transition 8^＋to 6^＋, 6^＋ to 4^＋, 4^＋ to 2^＋ and 2^＋ to 0＋states of even-even108 112Pd isotopes were calculated by the Interacting Boson model（IBm-1） and compared with the available previous experimental results. The ratio of the excitation energies of the first 4＋and the first 2＋excited states, R4/2, is also studied for the classification of symmetry of these nuclei. Furthermore we have studied systematically the transition rate R = B（E2： L＋ →（L 2）＋）/B（E2 ： 2＋ →0＋） of some of the low-lying quadrupole collective states in comparison with the available experimental data. The associated quadrupole moments and deformation parameters have been calculated. The results of this calculation are in good agreement with the corresponding available experimental data. The108 112Pd isotopes show the O（6） symmetry.

关键词： B(E2) ground-states Pd isotopes.quadrupole moments deformation parameter

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Removal of high concentration CO_2 from natural gas at elevated pressure via absorption process in packed column

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2012年第1期21卷 7-10页

作者： L.S.Tan K.K.Lau m.A.Bustam A.m.Shariff CO_(2)management mOR Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS31750 TronohPerakMalaysia

Carbon dioxide （CO2） removal is an essential step in natural gas （NG） processing to provide high quality gas stream products and minimize operational difficulties. This preliminary study alms to investigate the removal of CO2 at high concentration level from the mixture of CO2-NG gas stream at elevated pressure via absorption process. This is to explore the possibility of exploring high CO2 content natural gas reserves by treatment at offshore platform. A mixed amine solvent, Stonvent-II, was used for the absorption of approximately 75 vol% CO2 in CO2-NG stream at a pressure of 10 barg. The initial solvent temperature was varied in order to study the impact of initial temperature on the absorption performance. Preliminary study at temperatures of 35 ℃ and 45 ℃ indicates that Stonvent-II was able to perform almost 100% removal of CO2 under both conditions. However, the CO2 absorption effect took place faster when the initial liquid temperature was lower. This is because when the initial liquid temperature is high, the temperature increase in the packing bed caused by the reaction heat is high which impacts the efficiency of absorption negatively.

关键词： CO2 capture absorption packed column amine mild pressures

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Characterization of vanadyl phthalocyanine based surface-type capacitive humidity sensors

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Journal of Semiconductors 2010年第11期31卷 9-14页

作者： Fakhra Aziz m.H.Sayyad Khassan S.Karimov m.Saleem Zubair Ahmad S.mahmood Khan Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology Topi-23640Pakistan Low Dimensional material Research Center Department of PhysicsUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Physical Technical Institute Aini St-299/1Dushanbe734063Tajikistan Department of mechanical Engineering 20 Symonds Street AucklandUniversity of AucklandNew Zealand

This study presents the fabrication and characterization of novel surface-type capacitive humidity sensors using vanadyl phthalocyanine（VOPc） as the active *** devices,which comprise three different thicknesses, have been fabricated using the thermal evaporation technique.A thin film of VOPc is deposited on thoroughly cleaned glass substrates with pre-patterned Ag *** capacitive effect of the samples under humidity has been investigated. Comparison of the samples with different thicknesses shows that the thinnest device seems more sensitive towards *** humidity dependent capacitance properties of the sensor make it beneficial for use in commercial hygrometers.

关键词： surface-type capacitance vanadyl phthalocyanine humidity sensor organic semiconductor

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An Overview of Non-Volatile Flip-Flops Based on Emerging memory Technologies(Invited paper)

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2014年第2期12卷 173-181页

作者： J.m.Portal m.Bocquet m.moreau H.Aziza D.Deleruyelle Y.Zhang w.Kang J.-O.Klein Y.-G.Zhang C.Chappert w.-S.Zhao Aix-marseille University and Institut matériaux microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence CNRS UMR7334MarseilleFrance Institut d’Electronique Fondamentale University Paris-Sud 11 and CNRS UMR8622Orsay 91405France Electronics and Information Engineering School Beihang University

Low power consumption is a major issue in nowadays electronics systems. This trend is pushed by the development of data center related to cloud services and soon to the Internet of Things （IoT） deployment. memories are one of the major contributors to power consumption. However, the development of emerging memory technologies paves the way to low-power design, through the partial replacement of the dynamic random access memory （DRAm） with the non-volatile stand-alone memory in servers or with the embedded or distributed emerging non-volatile memory in IoT objects. In the latter case, non-volatile flip-flops （NVFFs） seem a promising candidate to replace the retention latch. Indeed, IoT objects present long sleep time and NVFFs offer to save data in registers with zero power when the application is idle. This paper gives an overview of NVFF architecture flavors for various emerging memory technologies.

关键词： Emerging memory technology ferroelectric RAm low power magnetic RAm non-volatile flip-flops phase change RAm resistive RAm

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