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CO_2 permeability of fractured coal subject to confining pressures and elevated temperature: Experiments and modeling

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Science China(technological Sciences) 2016年第12期59卷 1931-1942页

作者： JU Yang WANG JianGuo WANG HuiJie ZHENG Jiangtao ranjith Pathegama G GAO Feng State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics & Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining & Technology State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources & Safe mining China University of Mining & Technology College of Engineering Peking University Department of Engineering mechanics School of AerospaceTsinghua University Department of Civil Engineering Monash University

the CO_2 permeability of fractured coal is of great significance to both coalbed gas extraction and CO_2 storage in coal seams, but the effects of high confining pressure, high injection pressure and elevated temperature on the CO_2 permeability of fractured coal with different fracture extents have not been investigated thoroughly. In this paper, the CO_2 permeability of fractured coals sampled from a Pingdingshan coal mine in China and artificially fractured to a certain extent is investigated through undrained triaxial tests. the CO_2 permeability is measured under the confining pressure with a range of 10–25 mPa, injection pressure with a range of 6–12 mPa and elevated temperature with a range of 25–70°C. A mechanistic model is then proposed to characterize the CO_2 permeability of the fractured coals. the effects of thermal expansion, temperature-induced reduction of adsorption capacity, and thermal micro-cracking on the CO_2 permeability are explored. the test results show that the CO_2 permeability of naturally fractured coal saliently increases with increasing injection pressure. the increase of confining pressure reduces the permeability of both naturally fractured coal and secondarily fractured coal. It is also observed that initial fracturing by external loads can enhance the permeability, but further fracturing reduces the permeability. the CO_2 permeability decreases with the elevation of temperature if the temperature is lower than 44°C, but the permeability increases with temperature once the temperature is beyond 44°C. the mechanistic model well describes these compaction mechanisms induced by confining pressure, injection pressure and the complex effects induced by elevated temperature.

关键词： CO2 permeability fractured coal confining pressure elevated temperature thermal effects mechanistic models

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thermal fracture analysis of two collinear cracks in a functionally graded medium based on the three-phase-lag model

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第3期46卷 501-520页

作者： Zhangna XUE Huameng WANG Jianlin LIU minjie WEN Z.t.CHEN College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China) School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Department of mechanical Engineering University of Alberta

the three-phase-lag(tPL) heat conduction model is an accurate representation of the actual heat transfer process. It would be interesting to investigate how the tPL model affects the thermal fracture behavior when there are defects existing in the medium. this paper aims to analyze the thermoelastic responses of two collinear cracks within a functionally graded half-space under thermal loadings by means of the tPL model. the thermoelastic problem is transformed into a series of singular integral equations using the integral transformation methods. the transient temperature and stress intensity factors(SIFs) are obtained through the application of Chebyshev *** effects of crack spacing and non-homogeneous parameters on the transient thermoelastic responses are presented, and the results of the tPL model are compared with those of the Fourier model, Cattaneo and Vernotte(CV) model, and dual-phase-lag(DPL)model. It is shown that crack spacing and non-homogeneous parameters have important effects on the thermoelastic responses, and the fluctuation phenomenon under the tPL model is the most pronounced due to the existence of the thermal displacement lag term.

关键词： Chebyshev polynomials

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Arctic sea-ice extent: No record minimum in 2023 or recent years

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola m.Johannessen tor I.Olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(***^(2)). this was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. In general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic minimum ice Climate

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Insights from an academic endeavor into central nervous system drug discovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1717-1718页

作者： Lieve van Veggel An m.Voets tim Vanmierlo Rudy Schreiber BIOmED Biomedical Research Institute Faculty of Medicine and Life SciencesHasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology Division of Translational NeuroscienceEuropean Graduate School of NeuroscienceSchool for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Section of Psychopharmacology Neuropsychology and PsychopharmacologyFaculty of Psychology and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands University mS Center(UmSC) Hasselt-PeltBelgium

Historically,"big pharma"did most central nervous system drug discovery R&D ***,in modern times their"management reductionism"resulted in disappointing pipelines and pharma resided to(late)development,regulatory approval,and marketing(thong,2015).this had significant consequences for financing and executing research,resulting in a larger role for funding by governments and patient-organizations and a shift of research to academia(mazzucato,2013).

关键词： academic approval consequences

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Neurocircuit regeneration by extracellular matrix reprogramming

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2300-2301页

作者： Shengzhang Su Ian N.Levasseur Kimberly m.Alonge Department of medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of medicine University of Washington Medicine Diabetes InstituteSeattleWAUSA

the brain's extracellular matrix(ECm),which is comprised of protein and glycosaminoglycan(GAG)scaffolds,constitutes 20%-40% of the human brain and is considered one of the largest influencers on brain cell functioning(Soles et al.,2023).Synthesized by neural and glial cells,the brain's ECm regulates a myriad of homeostatic cellular processes,including neuronal plasticity and firing(miyata et al.,2012),cation buffering(moraws ki et al.,2015),and glia-neuron interactions(Anderson et al.,2016).Considering the diversity of functions,dynamic remodeling of the brain's ECm indicates that this understudied medium is an active participant in both normal physiology and neurological diseases.

关键词： matrix programming

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Experimental investigations on effects of gas pressure on mechanical behaviors and failure characteristic of coals

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Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第2期15卷 412-428页

作者： Yi Xue P.G.ranjith Feng Gao Zhizhen Zhang Songhe Wang State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an710048China Deep Earth Energy Laboratory Department of Civil EngineeringMonash UniversityBuilding 60MelbourneVictoria3800Australia State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221006China

the mechanical behavior of coal is the key factor affecting underground coal mining and coalbed methane *** this study,triaxial compression and seepage tests were carried out on coal at different gas *** mechanical properties and failure process of coal were studied,as well as the acoustic emission(AE)and strain *** influence of gas pressure on the mechanical parameters of this coal was *** on the conventional energy calculation formula,the pore pressure was introduced through the effective stress formula,and each energy component of coal containing gas was refined *** contribution of gas pressure to the total energy input and dissipation during loading was quantitatively ***,the influence of gas pressure on coal strength was theo-retically analyzed from the perspectives of mohreCoulomb criterion and fracture *** results show that the total absorbed energy comprises the absorbed energy in the axial pressure direction(positive)and in the confining pressure direction(negative),as well as that induced by the pore pressure(initially negative and then positive).the absorbed energy in the axial pressure direction accounts for the main proportion of the total energy absorbed by *** quiet period of AE in the initial stage shortens,and AE activity increases during the pre-peak stage under high gas *** fractal characteristics of AE in three stages are studied using the correlation *** AE process has different forms of self-similarity in various deformation stages.

关键词： Coal Gas pressure Acoustic emission(AE) Strain energy Fractal characteristics

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地下水中非水相流体污染运移的三维有限元法

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岩石力学与工程学报 2008年第12期27卷 2509-2516页

作者：李宏 ranjith P G 阿尔伯塔研究院碳和能量管理部门莫那什大学土木工程系

介绍孔隙介质中二相流三维有限元的开发,此法可用于地下非溶混污染物渗流输运问题。阐述其基本原理和数值离散格式,以及采用混合形式的表达方程来解决由依赖饱和度的变量在时间演化中的较强的非线性所引起的数值逼近上的困难,说明了同... 详细信息

介绍孔隙介质中二相流三维有限元的开发,此法可用于地下非溶混污染物渗流输运问题。阐述其基本原理和数值离散格式,以及采用混合形式的表达方程来解决由依赖饱和度的变量在时间演化中的较强的非线性所引起的数值逼近上的困难,说明了同步解法的有效性和改善计算效率的办法。给出2个算例以验证程序的正确性和展示其初步的可应用性。

关键词：数值分析二相流有限元法混合格式非水相流体

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Combining Ability and Heterotic Effects in Newly Developed Early maturing and High-Yielding maize Hybrids under Low and Recommended Nitrogen Conditions

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 101-122页

作者： mohamed m.Kamara Nora m.Al Aboud Hameed Alsamadany Abeer m.Kutby Imen Ben Abdelmalek Diaa Abd El-moneim motrih Al-mutiry Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El-Sheikh33516Egypt Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah24372Saudi Arabia Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Biological Science College of ScienceUniversity of JeddahJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Biology College of ScienceBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Department of Plant Production Genetic BranchFaculty of Environmental and Agricultural SciencesArish UniversityEl-Arish45511Egypt Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability College of Humanities and Social SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Nitrogen (N) is a crucial nutrient vital for the growth and productivity of maize. However, excessive nitrogen application can result in numerous environmental and ecological problems, such as water pollution, biodiversity loss, and greenhouse gas emissions. therefore, breeding maize hybrids resilient to low nitrogen conditions is crucial for sustainable agriculture, especially under low nitrogen conditions. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the combining ability and heterosis of maize lines, recognize promising hybrids, and study gene action controlling key traits under low and recommended N stress conditions. the half-diallel mating design hybridized seven maize inbreds, resulting in 21 F1 hybrids. these hybrids, along with two high-yielding commercial hybrids (SC10 and tWC310), were evaluated in field trials under recommended (290 kg/ha) and low N (166 kg N/ha) conditions. Significant variations were observed among assessed hybrids for all measured traits, with non-additive gene action being predominant for grain yield and its related characteristics under recommended and low N conditions. Inbred lines P105 and P106 were recognized as effective combiners for earliness, with P105 also excelling in shorter plant height and lower ear placement. In addition, P101, P102, and P104 were identified as good combiners for increasing grain yield and related attributes under low N conditions. the crosses P105 × P106 and P106 × P107 demonstrated outstanding heterotic effects for earliness, while hybrids P101 × P102 and P102 × P104 exhibited remarkable heterotic effects for grain yield low nitrogen stress conditions. these promising hybrids could be considered for commercial use after further evaluation. Strong positive correlations were found between grain yield and ear height, plant height, number of kernels per row, and 1000-grain weight, highlighting their importance for indirect selection to enhance the grain yield of maize under low N stress conditions.

关键词： Nitrogen deficiency maize improvement sustainable agriculture hybrid evaluation

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Optimizing BERt for Bengali Emotion Classification: Evaluating Knowledge Distillation, Pruning, and Quantization

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第2期142卷 1637-1666页

作者： md Hasibur Rahman mohammed Arif Uddin Zinnat Fowzia Ria Rashedur m.Rahman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North South UniversityDhaka1229Bangladesh

the rapid growth of digital data necessitates advanced natural language processing(NLP)models like BERt(Bidi-rectional Encoder Representations from transformers),known for its superior performance in text ***,BERt’s size and computational demands limit its practicality,especially in resource-constrained *** research compresses the BERt base model for Bengali emotion classification through knowledge distillation(KD),pruning,and quantization *** Bengali being the sixth most spoken language globally,NLP research in this area is *** approach addresses this gap by creating an efficient BERt-based model for Bengali *** have explored 20 combinations for KD,quantization,and pruning,resulting in improved speedup,fewer parameters,and reduced memory *** best results demonstrate significant improvements in both speed and *** instance,in the case of mBERt,we achieved a 3.87×speedup and 4×compression ratio with a combination of Distil+Prune+Quant that reduced parameters from 178 to 46 m,while the memory size decreased from 711 to 178 *** results offer scalable solutions for NLP tasks in various languages and advance the field of model compression,making these models suitable for real-world applications in resource-limited environments.

关键词： Bengali NLP black-box distillation emotion classification model compression post-training quantization unstructured pruning

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Assays for RNA synthesis and replication by the hepatitis C virus

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第3期7卷 233-245页

作者： C. Cheng KAO Baochang FAN Sreedhar CHINNASWAmY Hui CAI C.t. ranjith-KUmAR Jerome DEVAL Department of molecular & Cellular Biochemistry Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (NIBmG) NSS Kalyani WB-74125L India Alios BioPharma lnc. South San Francisco CA 94080 USA

At least six major genotypes of Hepatitis C virus （HCV） cause liver diseases worldwide. the efficacy rates with current standard of care are about 50% against genotype 1, the most prevalent strain in the United States, Europe and Japan. therefore more effective pan-genotypic therapies are needed. HCV RNA replication provides a number of validated targets for virus-specific and potentially pan-genotypic inhibitors. In vitro assays capturing the different steps of RNA synthesis are needed not only to identify new inhibitors, but also to examine their mechanisms of action. this review attempts to provide a comprehensive summary of the biochemical, cell-based and animal model systems to assess HCV polymerase activity and HCV RNA replication that should be useful for both basic research and applied studies.

关键词： assay RNA synthesis and replication hepatitis C virus

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