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Passive air sampling of organochlorine pesticides in a northeastern state of India,manipur

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第5期23卷 808-815页

作者： Ningombam Linthoingambi Devi Shihua Qi Paromita Chakraborty Gan Zhang Ishwar chandra Yadav State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China. E-mail: nldevi.cug@*** State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of sciences Guangzhou 510640 China tate Key Laboratory in marine Pollution Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of l-long Kong Hong Kong Chin Center of Advanced Study in Botany Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005 Uttarpradesh India

Thirty-six polyurethane foam disk passive air samplers （PUF-PAS） were deployed over a year during January to December, 2009 at three locations, i.e., Imphal （urban site）, Thoubal （rural site） and Waithou （alpine site） of manipur, to assess the seasonal local atmospheric emission of selected organochlorine pesticides （OCPs）. The average concentration of HCHs monitored at mountain site during hot season （mar, Apr, and may） and rainy seasons （Jun, Jul, Aug, and Sep） were 403 and 349 pg/m3, respectively. DDTs had a high concentration with 384 pg/m3 at rural site and 379 pg/m3 at urban site during hot seasons. Endosulfans and chlordane were found high in concentration during hot seasons （260 pg/m3） and low during retreating monsoon seasons （44 pg/m3） at rural site. most of the OCPs concentrations were high during cultivation period. The OCP concentrations of rainy season were highly correlated （p 〈 0.01） with OCPs of hot seasons. Further, positive correlation （p 〈 0.05） was also obtained between cold seasons and retreating monsoon. Principal component analysis showed a significant correlation among the four seasons and distribution pattern of OCPs in air. Back trajectory analysis by using HYPSLIT model showed a long range air transport of OCPs to the present study area. Present OCP levels at manipur is an outcome of both local emission and also movement of air mass by long range atmospheric transport.

关键词： organochlorine pesticides polyurethane foam urban rural mountain manipur

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Femtosecond laser induced nanostructuring of zirconium in liquid confined environment

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第1期26卷 310-319页

作者： Nisar Ali Shazia Bashir Umm-i-Kalsoom m.Shahid Rafique Narjis Begum Wolfgang Husinsky Ali Ajami chandra S.R.Natahala Laser Laboratories Institute for Applied Physics Vienna University of Technology 1040 Vienna Austria Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Faisalabad Campus Faisalabad Pakistan Laser Laboratories Centre for Advanced Studies m Physics GC University 1-Church Road Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics GC University Kachehri Road Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics Riphah International University Islamahad (Lahore Campus) Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan

The surface, structural, and mechanical properties of zirconium after irradiation with Ti： sapphire laser（800 nm, 30 fs,1 k Hz） have been investigated. The zirconium targets were exposed for a varying number of laser pulses ranging from 500 to 2000 at a fixed fluence of 3.6 J/cm^2 corresponding to an intensity of 1.2×10^14W/cm^2 in ambient environments of deionized water and propanol. A scanning electron microscope（SEm） was employed to investigate the surface morphology of the irradiated zirconium. The SEm analysis shows the formation of various kinds of features including nanoscale laser induced periodic surface structures（LIPSS）, sponge like surface structure, flakes, conical structures, droplets, pores, and cavities. The energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy（EDS） analysis exhibits the variation in chemical composition along with an enhanced diffusion of oxygen under both ambient conditions. The crystal structure and phase analyses of the exposed targets were explored by x-ray diffraction（XRD） and Raman spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The XRD analysis confirms the presence of various phases of zirconium hydride and zirconia after ablation in both de-ionized water and propanol. However, excessive hydrides are formed in the case of propanol. The Raman analysis supports the EDS and XRD results. It also reveals the presence of oxides（zirconia） after irradiation in both de-ionized water and propanol *** chemical reactivity of zirconium was significantly improved in the presence of liquids which were accountable for the growth of novel phases and modification in the chemical composition of the irradiated Zr. A nanohardness tester was employed to measure the nanohardness of the laser treated targets. The initial increase and then decrease in nanohardness was observed with an increase in the number of laser pulses in the de-ionized water environment. In the case of propanol,a continuous decrease in hardness was observed.

关键词： ambient environments periodic structure crystallinity synthesis

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Thirty-day readmission in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction:Insights from the nationwide readmission database

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第9期14卷 473-482页

作者： Anil Kumar Jha chandra P Ojha Anand m Krishnan Timir K Paul Internal medicine Lowell General HospitalLowellMA 01852United States Department of medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTX 79905United States Department of Cardiovascular Disease Larner College of Medicine at the University of VermontBurlingtonVT 05405United States Department of Clinical Education University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center at NashvilleNashvilleTN 37025United States

BACKGROUND There are rising numbers of patients who have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF).Poorly understood pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved and reduced ejection fraction and due to a sparsity of studies,the management of HFpEF is *** To determine the hospital readmission rate within 30 d of acute or acute on chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and its effect on mortality and burden on health care in the United *** We performed a retrospective study using the Agency for Health-care Research and Quality Health-care Cost and Utilization Project,Nationwide Readmissions Database for the year *** collected data on hospital readmissions of 60514 adults hospitalized for acute or acute on chronic *** primary outcome was the rate of all-cause readmission within 30 d of *** outcomes were cause of readmission,mortality rate in readmitted and index patients,length of stay,total hospitalization costs and *** risk factors for readmission were identified using Cox regression *** The thirty day readmission rate was 21%.Approximately 9.17%of readmissions were in the setting of acute on chronic diastolic heart *** chronic kidney disease with heart failure(1245;9.7%)was the most common readmission *** patients had higher in-hospital mortality(7.9%vs 2.9%,P=0.000).Our study showed that medicaid insurance,higher Charlson co-morbidity score,patient admitted to a teaching hospital and longer hospital stay were significant variables associated with higher readmission *** readmission rate was found in residents of small metropolitan or micropolitan areas,older age,female gender,and private insurance or no insurance were associated with lower risk of *** We found that patients hospitalized for acute or acute on chronic HFpEF,the thirty day readmission rate was 21%.Readmission cases had a higher mortal

关键词： Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction Diastolic heart failure Readmission National readmission database Health care resource utilization

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Composition and diversity of five major forest types in moist temperate climate of the western Himalayas

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Forestry Studies in China 2011年第2期13卷 139-153页

作者： Sumeet GAIROLA chandra m. SHARmA Sarvesh SUYAL Sunil K. GHILDIYAL Department of Botany Post Box No. 51 HNB Garhwal University

The present study was undertaken in five major forest types （dominated by Quercus semecarpifolia, Quercusfloribunda, Acer acuminatum, Abiespindrow and Aesculus indica, respectively） between 2400 and 2850 m a.s.1, in a moist temperate forest of the mandal-Chopta area in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. The aim was to assess the variation in composition and diversity in different vegetation layers, i.e., herb, shrub and tree, among these five forest types. Diversity indices, such as the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, density, total basal cover, Simpson＇s concentration of dominance index, Simpson＇s diversity index, Pielou＇s equitability, species richness, species heterogeneity and r-diversity, were calculated to understand community structures. Dominance-diversity curves were drawn to ascertain resource apportionment among various species in different forest types.

关键词： density diversity elevation fl-diversity dominance-diversity curves Garhwal Himalayas

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Effect of Gd addition on the superconducting properties of Ti-based V, Nb, Ta alloys

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Superconductivity 2023年第2期6卷 58-63页

作者： SK Ramjan LS.Sharath chandra Rashmi Singh m.K.Chattopadhyay Free Electron Laser Utilization Laboratory Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced TechnologyIndore 452013Madhya PradeshIndia Homi Bhabha National Institute Training School ComplexAnushakti NagarMumbai 400094MaharastraIndia Laser and Functional materials Division Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced TechnologyIndore 452013Madhya PradeshIndia

The critical current density(Jc)of the body centered cubic(bcc)V0.6Ti0.4 alloy enhances significantly after the addition of rare earth Gd as the latter is immiscible in the matrix[***,***,IEEE ***.31,5(2021)].Very low solubility of Gd in other bcc elements like Ta and Nb is also well known[*** Gschneidner in Prog Sci Technol Rare Earths,vol.1,pp.222–258,1964&m Neuberger,*** in Handbook of Electronic materials,Vol 4,1972].We use these facts to find the effect of adding 1 at.%Gd into the Nb0.6Ti0.4 and Ta0.4Ti0.6 alloys on the superconducting properties e.g.,the transition temperature(Tc),Jc,flux pinning force density(Fp)and the *** spite of Gd being ferromagnetic,the Tc in these alloys change only marginally(increase by 0.3 K in Ta0.4Ti0.6 and decrease by 0.15 K in Nb0.6Ti0.4 after Gd *** Jc(H?1 T,T=4 K)increases by 5 and 1.5 times respectively in the Gd containing Nb0.6Ti0.4 and Ta0.4Ti0.6 alloys,which is quite small as compared to the increase observed in the V0.6Ti0.4(20 times)*** Gd addition,the grain size reduces approximately by 65%and 10%respectively in Nb0.6Ti0.4 and *** analysis indicates that grain boundaries are the major flux line pinning centres in these alloys and the role of Gd in increasing the Jc depends on the effectiveness of Gd in reducing the grain *** grain boundary density depends strongly on the distribution of Gd precipitates,which is quite different from each other for two alloy systems under ***,our results suggest that the addition of Gd to commercial Nb‐Ti(Nb0.37Ti0.63)alloy is a new promising route for achieving higher Jc values.

关键词： Critical current density Ferromagnetism Flux pinning Grain boundary

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Rain tree(Samanea saman)seed oil:Solvent extraction,optimization and characterization

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第3期6卷 254-265页

作者： S.chandra Sekhar K.Karuppasamy m.Vimal Kumar D.Bijulal N Vedaraman Ravishankar Sathyamurthy Department of mechanical Engineering N.B.K.R Institute of Technology(Autonomous)Vidyanagar-524413Andra PradeshIndia Department of mechanical Engineering Anna University Regional CampusTirunelveliTamil Nadu627007India Department of mechanical Engineering M.A.M School of EngineeringTiruchirappalli621105Tamil NaduIndia Department of mechanical Engineering Govt.Engineering CollegeBarton HillThiruvananthapuram695035KeralaIndia Department of Chemical Engineering Central Leather Research Institute(CSIR-CLRI)ChennaiTamil Nadu600020India Department of mechanical Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering and TechnologyArasurCoimbatoreTamil Nadu641407India

The present investigation reports the soxhlet assisted solvent extraction technique to derive the oil from seeds of the rain *** optimization of the factors affecting the extraction process has been carried out by Response Surface methodology(RSm)technique,and a Box-Behnken Design(BBD)consisting of three process variables has been developed to optimize the yield of *** the RSm technique,the predicted optimum oil yield of 11.15%at an optimized condition of powder weight of 20 g,volume of solvent of 380 mL,and extraction time of 6 *** physiochemical properties of the oil showed liquid greenish-yellow with 0.88,1.473 of specific gravity and refractive index,***,the moisture content,free fatty acid,acid value,saponification value,iodine value,and peroxide value were found to be 0.16%,13.615,27.23,187.1 mg KOH per g oil,65.8 g I_(2) per 100 g,and 4.02 meq O_(2) per kg,*** the obtained results,it was found that the extracted oil could be used for various applications.

关键词： Soxhlet apparatus Response Surface methodology Box-Behnken design(BBD) Analysis of variance mg per KOH g of oil

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Electroosmotic oscillatory flow of micropolar fluid in microchannels:application to dynamics of blood flow in microfluidic devices

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2014年第6期35卷 749-766页

作者： J.C.mISRA S.chandra G.C.SHIT P.K.KUNDU Department of mathematics Institute of Technical Education and ResearchSiksha O Anusandhan University Department of mathematics Jadavpur University

The electroosmotic flow of a micropolar fluid in a microchannel bounded by two parallel porous plates undergoing periodic vibration is studied. The equations for conservation of linear and angular momentums and Gauss＇s law of charge distribution are solved within the framework of the Debye-Hückel approximation. The fluid velocity and microrotation are assumed to depend linearly on the Reynolds number. The study shows that the amplitude of microrotation is highly sensitive to the changes in the magnitude of the suction velocity and the width of the microchannel. An increase in the micropolar parameter gives rise to a decrease in the amplitude of microrotation. Numerical estimates reveal that the microrotation of the suspended microelements in blood also plays an important role in controlling the electro-osmotically actuated flow dynamics in microbio-fluidic devices.

关键词： blood flow electrohydrodynamic effect microfluidics channel flow

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Comparative study on machinability improvement in hard turning using coated and uncoated carbide inserts： part II modeling, multi-response optimization, tool life, and economic aspects

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Advances in manufacturing 2018年第2期6卷 155-175页

作者： Ramanuj Kumar Ashok Kumar Sahoo Purna chandra mishra Rabin Kumar Das School of mechanical Engineering Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Bhubaneswar-24 Odisha India

The present study focused on mathematical modeling, multi response optimization, tool life, and eco- nomical analysis in finish hard turning of AISI D2 steel （（55 4- 1） HRC） using CVD-coated carbide （TiN/TiCN/ A1203） and uncoated carbide inserts under dry environ- mental conditions. Regression methodology and the grey relational approach were implemented for modeling and multi-response optimization, respectively. Comparative economic statistics were carried out for both inserts, and the adequacy of the correlation model was verified. The experimental and predicted values for all responses were very close to each other, implying the significance of the model and indicating that the correlation coefficients were close to unity. The optimal parametric combinations for A1203 coated carbide were dl-fl-v2 （depth of cut = 0.1 mm, feed = 0.04 mm/r and cutting speed = 108 m/min）, and those for the uncoated tool were dl-（0.1 mm）-fl （0.04 mm/r）-vl （63 rn/min）. The observed tool life for the coated carbide insert was 15 times higher than that for the uncoated carbide insert, considering flank wear criteria of 0.3 mm. The chip volume after machining for the coated carbide insert was 26.14 times higher than that of the uncoated carbide insert and could be better utilized for higher material removal rate. Abrasion, diffusion, notch- ing, chipping, and built-up edge have been observed to be the principal wear mechanisms for tool life estimation. Use of the coated carbide tool reduced machining costs by about 3.55 times compared to the use of the uncoated carbide insert, and provided economic benefits in hard turning.

关键词： machinability Hard turning Regression Grey relational analysis Tool life Economic analysis

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Nitric oxide regulation of plant metabolism

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molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 228-242页

作者： Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta Vemula chandra Kaladhar Teresa B.Fitzpatrick Alisdair R.Fernie Ian max møller Gary J.Loake National Institute of Plant Genome Research Aruna Asaf Ali MargNew DelhiDelhi 110067 India Vitamins and Environmental Stress Responses in Plants Department of Botany and Plant BiologyUniversity of GenevaGeneva 1211 Switzerland max-Planck-Institute of molecular Plant Physiology Am Mühlenberg 1Potsdam-Golm 14476 Germany Department of molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus UniversityForsøgsvej 14200 SlagelseDenmark Institute of molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93BFUK

Nitric oxide(NO)has emerged as an important signal molecule in plants,having myriad roles in plant *** addition,NO also orchestrates both biotic and abiotic stress responses,during which intensive cellular metabolic reprogramming *** to these responses is the location of NO biosynthetic and scavenging pathways in diverse cellular compartments,enabling plants to effectively organize signal transduction *** regulates plant metabolism and,in turn,metabolic pathways reciprocally regu-late NO accumulation and ***,these diverse cellular processes are inextricably *** re-view addresses the numerous redox pathways,located in the various subcellular compartments that pro-duce NO,in addition to the mechanisms underpinning NO *** focus on how this molecular dance is integrated into the metabolic state of the *** this context,a reciprocal relationship be-tween NO accumulation and metabolite production is often *** also showcase cellular pathways,including those associated with nitrate reduction,that provide evidence for this integration of NO function and ***,we discuss the potential importance of the biochemical reactions governing NO levels in determining plant responses to a changing environment.

关键词： hypoxi amitochondria metabolism nitric oxide S-nitrosylation pyridoxine reactive nitrogen species reactive oxygen species

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Hetero-interfacial nickel nitride/vanadium oxynitride porous nanosheets as trifunctional electrodes for HER,OER and sodium ion batteries

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能源化学:英文版 2023年第6期81卷 71-81,I0003页

作者： Tuzhi Xiong Jingting Li Jagadish chandra Roy malcolm Koroma Zhixiao Zhu Hao Yang Lei Zhang Ting Ouyang m.-Sadeeq Balogun mohammad Al-mamun College of materials Science and Engineering Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean EnergyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy Griffith UniversityGold Coast CampusSouthportQLD 4222Australia College of mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy materials School of Chemistry&Chemical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004GuangxiChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information materials Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004GuangxiChina

The development of single electrode with multifunctional purposes for electrochemical devices remains a symbolic challenge in recent *** work explores interfacially-rich transition metal nitride hybrid that consist of nickel nitride and vanadium oxynitride(VO_(0.26)N_(0.52))on robust carbon fiber(denoted CF/Ni_(3)N/VON)as trifunctional electrode for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),oxygen evolution reaction(OER),and sodium ion batteries(SIBs).The as-prepared CF/Ni_(3)N/VON exhibits low HER overpotential of 48 m V@10 m A cm^(-2),OER overpotential of 287 m V@10 m A cm^(-2),and sodium-ion anode storage reversible capacity of 555 m A h g^(-1)@0.2 *** analyses reveal that the Ni_(3)N effectively facilitates hydrogen desorption for HER,increases the electrical conductivity for OER,and promotes the Na-ion storage intercalation process,while the VON substantially elevates the water dissociation kinetics for HER,accelerates the adsorption of OH*intermediate for OER and enhances the Na-ion surface adsorption storage *** to the excellent HER and OER performances of the CF/Ni_(3)N/VON electrode,an overall water splitting device denoted as CF/Ni_(3)N/VON//CF/Ni_(3)N/VON was not only assembled showing an operating voltage of 1.63 V at current density of 10 m A cm^(-2)but was also successfully self-powered by the assembled CF/Ni_(3)N/VON//CF/Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) flexible sodium ion *** work will contribute to the development of efficient and cost-effective flexible integrated electrochemical energy devices.

关键词： Interstitial nitride Trifunctional electrode Heterointerface Alkaline water splitting Sodium ion battery

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