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Vegetation-environment relationship in Pinus wallichiana forests of the Swat Hindukush range of Pakistan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 185-195页

作者： Inayat Ur Rahman Nasrullah Khan Kishwar Ali siraj Ahmad Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Dendrochronology Department of BotanyUniversity of Malakand

Understanding the influence of environmental variables on the spatial distribution of ecological communities is essential to predict the response of vegetation to various environmental *** theory suggests that multiple environmental factors shape local species assemblages and should influence the various components of community structure and composition in different *** study aimed to classify Pinus wallichiana dominated forests in the Swat Hindukush range mountains to understand the relative influence of multiple environmental filters on its composition and *** forests represent the most typical of the species distribution in northern Pakistan and were not subjected to any phytosociological *** this purpose,thirty forest stands,spanning a wide range of physical habitats were sampled using 10 x 10 m plots and the importance value index was *** floristic and environmental data were subjected to Ward’s agglomerative cluster analysis for objective classification and ordinated with NmS ordination for pattern description and testing the vegetation-environmental *** floristically and ecologically distinct communities were recognized along the topographic gradient(elevation,r=0.377;slope,r=0.5548) coupled with soil physical(clay,r=0.2782;silt,r=0.3225) and chemical properties(pH,r=0.4975;lime,r=3982).An elevation gradient of 100 m separated the low(Pinus wallichiana-Quercus dilatata community)and middle elevations forest stands(*** pure population) from the highland population type(Pinus wallichiana-Cedrus deodara community).The floristics and structure of these forest types respond directly or indirectly to topographic and soil variables which were evidenced from the floristic composition,species richness,and community *** characteristics of the communities changed from heterogenous,dense stands to sparsely dispersed conifers,broadleaved-evergreen,and deciduous vegetation types along

关键词： Blue pine forests Classification-ordination Ecological gradient Hindukush range mountains Species composition

Innovative strategies toward challenges in PV-powered electrochemical CO_(2)reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第9期30卷 410-416页

作者： siraj Sultan Jin Hyun Kim Seung Hyeon Kim Youngkook Kwon Jae Sung Lee Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919South Korea

The solar energy-driven electrochemical CO_(2)reduction to value-added fuels or chemicals is considered as an attractive path to store renewable energy in the form of chemical energy to close the carbon ***,CO_(2)reduction suffers from a number of challenges including slow reaction rates,low selectivity,and low energy conversion ***,innovative strategies have been developed to mitigate this *** the development of flow cell reactors with a gas diffusion electrode,ionic liquid electrolytes,and new electrocatalysts have dramatically improved the reaction rates and selectivity to desired *** this perspective,we highlight the key recent developments and challenges in PVpowered electrochemical CO_(2)reduction and propose effective strategies to improve the reaction kinetics,to minimize the electrical energy losses,and to tune the selectivity of the catalysts for desired products,and then suggest future direction of research and development.

关键词： Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction Photovoltaic cell Ionic liquid electrolytes Flow cell electrolyzers Gas diffusion electrode

Biochemical studies on malathion resistance, inheritance and association of carboxylesterase activity in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens complex in Peninsular malaysia

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Insect Science 2010年第6期17卷 517-526页

作者： m. A. Latif mohd Yosuh Omar Soon Guan Tan S.S. siraj Abdul Rahim Ismail Department of Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture Department of Biology Faculty of Science Department of Cell and molecular Biology Faculty of Biotechnology and Molecular Science Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Malaysia

Two sympatric populations of brown planthopper （BPH）, one from rice and the other from Leersia hexandra were collected from each of five locations in malaysia. All the tested malathion-resistant individuals of the rice BPH population and F1 generation （cross between malathion-resistant [usually caught on rice] and malathion- susceptible [usually caught on Leersia]） showed high esterase activity, while all malathion- susceptible individuals on L. hexandra showed low esterase activity. In the F2 generation, all the individuals tested against malathion were approximately 75% resistant and 25% susceptible and the inheritance pattern of esterase activity （high and low esterase activity） segregated in the same manner to a 3：1 ratio. This confirms that resistance to malathion is mono-factorial and inheritance pattern ofesterase activity is also linked to malathion resistance. Carboxylesterase or total esterase activity in BPH is inherited in a simple mendelian fashion that is encoded by a single dominant gene. For the total esterase assay, average esterase activity levels in the rice-infesting population ranged from 17.64 to 19.37 nmoles 1-napthol/mg protein while that in the Leersia-infesting population ranged from 5.29 to 6.11 nmoles 1-napthol/mg protein. In terms of esterase activity, the two sympatric Nilaparvata lugens populations separated into two distinct groups. Results based on the tube color intensity test showed 96% and 98% resistant and susceptible individuals were present in the rice- and Leersia-infesting populations, respectively. In a filter paper test, the rice-infesting population had 94% with high esterase activity while the Leersia-infesting population had 96% with low esterase activity.

关键词： brown planthopper carboxylesterase assay inheritance study insecticide resistance rice

Compensating the impurities on the Cu surface by mOFs for enhanced hydrocarbon production in the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 68-73,I0003页

作者： Shin Joon Kang Jong Ho Won Hansaem Choi Woohyeong Sim mun Kyoung Kim.siraj Sultan Youngkook Kwon Hyung mo Jeong School of mechanical Engineering and Department of Smart Fab.Technology Sungkyunkwan University2066 Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon 16419Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Kookmin University77 Jeongneung-roSeongbuk-guSeoul 02707Republic of Korea School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Emergent Hydrogen Technology R&D CenterUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology50 UNIST-gilUlsan 44919Republic of Korea

Copper(Cu)provides a cost-effective means of producing value-added fuels through the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)RR).However,we observed the production of hydrocarbons via CO_(2)RR on commercial Cu films is less efficient because of the surface impurities,i.e.,*** monoxide(CO),a reaction intermediate of CO_(2)RR to hydrocarbons,binds strongly to the Fe sites and interrupts the production of hydrocarbons,resulting in an active hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,we report a method of blocking the effect of Fe impurities on the Cu surface through the preferential growth of nano-sized metal-organic frameworks(mOFs)on Fe *** zirconium(Zr)-based mOFs(UiO-66)forms a compensating layer on Cu film via the terephthalic acid(TPA)-Fe coordination bond,the Ui O-66 coated Cu film(UiO-66@Cu)presents significantly improved hydrocarbon Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 37.59%compared to 14.68%FE on commercial Cu film(99.9%purity)by suppressing *** to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis,the UiO-66 ligand binds to entire metallic Fe site on the Cu surface,while metallic Cu is ***,UiO-66@Cu provides active sites of Cu for CO_(2)RR and leads to highly efficient and selective production of hydrocarbons.

关键词： Impurity on Cu film Zr-based mOFs Electrocatalysts CO_(2)reduction Hydrocarbon

Surveillance of Chikungunya virus activity in some North-eastern states of India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2019年第1期12卷 19-25页

作者： Prafulla Dutta siraj A.Khan Anil C.Phukan Sarat Hazarika Naba K.Hazarika Sumi Chetry Abdul m.Khan Harpreet Kaur ICmR-Regional medical Research Center North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health & medical Sciences Jorhat medical College & Hospital Gauhati medical College & Hospital Indian Council of medical Research

Objective: To detect the prevalence pattern of Chikungunya virus in three states of Northeast India. methods: A total of 1 510 samples were collected from different private and government hospitals of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and meghalaya. Serum was tested for the presence of Igm antibodies against Chikungunya virus followed by RT-PCR for amplification of Chikungunya E1 gene region using specific primers. Results: Overall, 11.83%(172/1 454) clinical samples were positive by mAC-ELISA and/or RT-PCR assay. Asymptomatic infection was seen in 17.86%. males were more affected than females and age group 16-30 years was mostly affected. Fever(100.00%) was the primary symptom followed by headache(72.03%) and arthralgia(41.53%). Only 118 Chikungunya positive cases could be traced, of which 25.42% complained about sequelae of infection. In entomological investigation, Aedes aegypti was more predominant(92.10%) than Aedes albopictus(7.90%). No mosquito pools could be incriminated for Chikungunya virus. Conclusions: In this study, Chikungunya was observed to be prevalent in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and meghalaya. Though Chikungunya is a selflimiting infection, increasing morbidity by CHIKV infection is affecting social and economic status of individual. Thus, a community empowerment to effectively control mosquito population by employing different mosquito control measures along with personal protection is mandatory to tackle future outbreak of the disease.

关键词： Chikungunya Northeast India Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus

Validation and reproducibility of the Heidelberg Edge Perimeter in the detection of glaucomatous visual field defects

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第4期12卷 577-581页

作者： Qi N.Cui Priyanka Gogt Jonathan m.Lam Safa siraj Lisa A.Hark Jonathan S.myers L.Jay Katz michael Waisbourd Glaucoma Research Center Wills Eye Hospital Scheie Eye Center University of Pennsylvania Department of Ophthalmology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University

AIm: To validate the ability of the Heidelberg Edge Perimeter(HEP) in detecting glaucomatous visual field(VF) defects compared to the Octopus Visual Field(OVF) Analyzer and to determine the test-retest repeatability of both ***: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA. Glaucoma subjects and unaffected controls underwent VF testing using HEP standard automated perimetry(SAP) Ⅲ 30-2 Adaptive Staircase Thresholding Algorithm(ASTA) FAST protocol and OVF G-TOP white-on-white strategy. Testing order was randomized. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated for both mean deviation(mD) and pattern standard deviation/square root of loss of variance(PSD/s LV). Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were used to determine the diagnostic abilities of both modalities. Glaucoma subjects returned for repeat testing and intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs) were calculated to assess test-retest repeatability. RESULTS: Seventy-nine subjects with glaucoma and 36 unaffected controls were enrolled. HEP and OVF were significantly correlated for both mD(r=-0.84; Pmparable between HEP and OVF for both mD(0.74 and 0.79, respectively; P=0.26) and PSD/sL V(0.74 and 0.82; P=0.08). ICC was high for both HEP (0.96 for mD, 0.95 for PSD/s LV) and OVF(0.82 and 0.88, respectively). mean test duration(min) was significantly shorter for OVF(2.63) compared to HEP(5.15; PmD and PSD/s LV, and have similar validity for detecting glaucoma. The test-retest repeatability is high for both HEP and OVF, however the average testing duration of HEP is significantly longer than that of OVF.

关键词： glaucoma Heidelberg Edge Perimeter standard automated perimetry Octopus Visual Field Analyzer visual field

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珊瑚状镍铁覆盖碳纳米管水全分解催化剂

珊瑚状镍铁覆盖碳纳米管水全分解催化剂

作者： siraj Ullah 大连理工大学

学位级别：硕士

不可否认,开发可以同时促进同一电解质中的析氧反应和析氢反应的活性好的、稳定的、地球资源丰富的并且成本低廉的双功能电催化剂,无疑是氢经济发展的关键。通过将非贵金属与纳米碳结合来开发电催化剂一直是最大化电催化剂催化性能的有... 详细信息

不可否认,开发可以同时促进同一电解质中的析氧反应和析氢反应的活性好的、稳定的、地球资源丰富的并且成本低廉的双功能电催化剂,无疑是氢经济发展的关键。通过将非贵金属与纳米碳结合来开发电催化剂一直是最大化电催化剂催化性能的有效方法。这种3D混合电催化剂暴露了丰富的活性位点并增强了本征活性。碳纤维布上负载的无粘合剂碳纳米管具有优异的导电性和良好的机械稳定性,提高了电催化剂的电子传输能力。这也有利于电解过程中活性位点的暴露、气泡逸出以及与电解液的接触。在本研究工作中,我们成功地开发了一种进行整体水分解反应的整体催化材料（（CNT@Ni Fe）/（CFC@Ni））。该材料在碳纤维布基材上生长碳纳米管,然后电沉积镍和铁。3D结构的碳纳米管通过化学气相沉积方法稳定生长在碳纤维布上,提供了大表面积。（CNT@Ni Fe）/（CFC@Ni）在大电流水分解过程中表现出良好的稳定性和大气泡产生。（CNT@Ni Fe）/（CFC@Ni）在析氧反应过程中也表现出优异的抗碳腐蚀性能,因为它利用了被催化剂膜完全覆盖的碳纳米管所控制的大表面积比。因此,这种（CNT@Ni Fe）/（CFC@Ni）只需要242 m V的氧析出反应和195 m V析氢反应的过电位,即可在1m KOH中获得30 m A cm-2的电流密度。此外,通过在OER和HER反应期间在50 m A cm-2的恒定电流密度下保持过电位100小时,其在长期稳定性测试中具有良好的稳定性。当在整个水分解反应中用作阳极和阴极电极时,这种整体催化材料在仅1.59、1.75和1.87 V的电池电压下分别实现了100、300和500 m ***-2的电流密度。它还在100 m A cm-2的恒定电流密度下32小时内显示出良好的长期耐久性。

关键词：碳纳米管电沉积化学气相沉积双功能电催化剂电化学分解水

The Development of ZnO Nanoparticle Coated Cotton Fabrics for Antifungal and Antibacterial Applications

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materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第9期11卷 601-610页

作者： Tanu Shree Roy siraj Ud Daula Shamim md. Khalidur Rahman F. Ahmed m. A. Gafur Department of Physics Bangladesh University of Textile Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Physics Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University Tangail Bangladesh Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Prime University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Physics Jahangirnagar University Saver Dhaka Bangladesh PP & PDC Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhaka Bangladesh

In the textile industry, cotton is the most popular choice among all the natural fibers due to its unique properties such as softness, affinity to skin, biodegradability, absorbency, and moisture being comfortable to wear. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were produced and coated on cotton fabrics. The concentration of Zinc acetate was varied. 2-methoxy-ethanol has been used as a solvent. Using the dip coating technique, ZnO NPs have been coated on the cotton fabric in different mole concentrations. Scanning Electron microscopy (SEm), Ultraviolet Visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, the antifungal and antibacterial activity of the ZnO NPs was performed on the coated fabrics. The SEm images depicted that the nanoparticles are well dispersed on the fabric at 3m concentration of ZnO solution. It was found that the UV absorbance increases with the increase of concentration up to 2m concentration and after that it decreases. It was also found that maximum antibacterial and antifungal activity is at 2m concentration.

关键词： Nanoparticles ZnO Cotton SEm UV-VIS Antibacterial Antifungal

The Assessment of Carbon Stocks in the Oak Scrub Forest of Sheringal Valley Dir Kohistan

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Open Journal of Forestry 2015年第5期5卷 510-517页

作者： Alamgir Khan Adnan Ahmad Ziaur Rahman siraj-ud-Din Rahmatullah Qureshi Juma muhammad Department of Forestry Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper Pakistan Department of Botany University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan Department of Botany PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Rawalpindi Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir Upper Pakistan

The present study estimates carbon stocks (C-stocks) of the Oak scrub forest of Sheringal valley through field inventory. Stem density (haǃ), tree height (m), basal area (m2·haǃ), stem volume (m2·haǃ), stem biomass (t·haǃ), total biomass (t·haǃ), and total C-stock (t·haǃ), were calculated. Stem density varied between 80±8.16 to 510 ± 42 trees haǃ, with a mean value of 226 ± 7 tress haǃ. The average tree height, basal area and stem volume were 5.47 ± 0.76 m, 12.82 ± 0.25 m2·haǃ and 46.37 ± 0.85 m3·haǃ respectively. The total calculated stem biomass was 32.46 ± 0.60 t·haǃ and total tree biomass was 51.61 ± 0.60 t·haǃ. The calculated C-stocks in the Oak scrub forest ranged from 2.005 ± 1.32 t·haǃ to 63.1 ± 3.34 t·haǃ and the mean C stocks was 25.80 ± 0.47 t·haǃ. The results of the study confirmed that the Oak scrub forest acts as a valuable sink of carbon, but this valuable storage factory of carbon faced the problems of excess uses for fuel wood, forage, domestic uses (mostly for construction) and unscientific management. Proper scientific management and proper utilization of the forest can be significant measures to enhance the potential of the forest to stored and sink more carbon and can be included for CDm and REED++ under Keyto protocol.

关键词： Sheringal Oak Scrub Forest Biomass and Carbon Stocks