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rOOT PrOTOPLAST ISOLATION AND CULTUrE IN HIGHEr PLANTS

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Science China Chemistry 1985年第4期28卷 386-393页

作者：许智宏 m. r. davey E. C. COCKING Shanghai Institute of Plant Physioloyy U.K. NG7 2rD Academia Sinica Department of Botany University of Nottingham Plant Genetic manipulation Group

A simple enzymatic method has been developed for the isolation of protoplasts in workable quantities from radicles of 1—3 days germinating seeds of twelve plant species, including eight legumes (Cajanus cajan, Glycine max, medicago sativa, Phaseolus aureus, P. mungo, Pisum sativum, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Vicia fabs) and four members of the Cruciferae (Brassica alba (Sinapsis alba), B. campestris, B. napus and B. oleracea). root protoplasts showed high division potential, with callus formation in most species tested except C. cajan and V. faba, where only a few cell divisions were observed. Plantlets were regenerated from root protop]ast-derived tissues via shoot formation in B. napus and B. oleracea, and somatic embryogenesis in m. sativa, demonstrating the totipotency of root protoplasts. root protoplasts provide a useful experimental system for cultural studies and genetic manipulations, especially for those species which have previously been recalcitrant in culture. The advantages of root pr

关键词： root

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禾谷类作物的基因转移

生物技术通报 1988年第10期 1-6页

作者： E.C.Cocking m.r.davey 王春林

前不久,植物的基因转移还只能通过有性杂交来实现。而现在,除此以外,还通过采用重组DNA和原生质体融合技术,而将植物遗传操作应用到越来越广泛的植物上。土壤细菌

关键词：基因转移禾谷类作物植物基因电穿孔遗传操作根癌土壤杆菌启动子土壤细菌 DNA CamV

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高等植物根原生质体的分离和培养

中国科学:化学 1984年第11期 1012-1018页

作者：许智宏 m.r.davey E.C.Cocking 英国Nottingham大学植物系中国科学院上海植物生理研究所

本文由12种植物,其中包括8种豆科植物(绿豆、黑绿豆、大豆、豌豆、木豆、蚕豆、苜蓿和胡卢巴)和4种十字花科植物(油菜、本油菜、甘兰和白芥)的萌发种子的幼根分离得到了根原生质体.根原生质体在培养中表现出活跃的分裂能力.除了在木豆... 详细信息

本文由12种植物,其中包括8种豆科植物(绿豆、黑绿豆、大豆、豌豆、木豆、蚕豆、苜蓿和胡卢巴)和4种十字花科植物(油菜、本油菜、甘兰和白芥)的萌发种子的幼根分离得到了根原生质体.根原生质体在培养中表现出活跃的分裂能力.除了在木豆和蚕豆中仅观察到细胞分裂外,其余10种植物的根原生质体均形成了愈伤组织。其中苜蓿根原生质体通过形成胚状体再生了植株,而油菜和甘兰的根原生质体通过愈伤组织诱导成芽也再生了植株,由此证明了根原生质体的全能性.这为那些在分离或培养原生质体方面仍存在困难的植物种提供了另一可供选择的系统.本文还讨论了这一系统的优点以及存在的问题。

关键词：原生质体植物油菜甘兰胚状体愈伤组织创伤组织绿豆清热解毒药

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禾谷类植物的基因转移

世界科学 1988年第7期 4-7页

作者： E.C.Cocking m.r.davey 许仁林

80年代初尚未见到业已证明在一个基因工程植物上表达外源基因的报道。此后情况发生戏剧性的变化。带有选择性标记的质粒载体的研制成功使得在植物上进行基因表达和调控的大量研究易于进行。在这些研究方面有的是着重于在遗传转化的烟草... 详细信息

80年代初尚未见到业已证明在一个基因工程植物上表达外源基因的报道。此后情况发生戏剧性的变化。带有选择性标记的质粒载体的研制成功使得在植物上进行基因表达和调控的大量研究易于进行。在这些研究方面有的是着重于在遗传转化的烟草植株上把TmV基因序列作为核基因,研究当其表达后对病毒侵染引致的症状表达的抑制;也有的是研究萤火虫荧光酶基因在遗传转化烟草植株上的表达。尽管某些双子

关键词：禾谷类原生质体融合细胞融合植物根癌农杆菌基因转移

AGrONOmIC AND ENVIrONmENTAL BENEFITS OF rEINTrODUCING HErB-AND LEGUmE-rICH mULTISPECIES LEYS INTO ArABLE rOTATIONS:A rEVIEW

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第2期9卷 245-271页

作者： Emily C.COOLEDGE David r.CHADWICK Lydia m.J.SmITH Jonathan r.LEAKE davey L.JONES School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK National Institute of Agricultural Botany Huntingdon RoadCambridgeCB 3 OLEUK Plants Photosynthesis and SoilUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS102TNUK Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems Food Futures InstituteMurdochWA 6150Australia

Agricultural intensification and the subsequent decline of mixed farming systems has led to an increase in continuous cropping with only a few fallow or break years,undermining global soil health.Arable-ley rotations incorporating temporary pastures(leys) lasting 1–4 years may alleviate soil degradation by building soil fertility and improving soil structure.However,the majority of previous research on arable-ley rotations has utilized either grass or grassclover leys within ungrazed systems.multispecies leys,containing a mix of grasses,legumes,and herbs,are rapidly gaining popularity due to their promotion in agri-environment schemes and potential to deliver greater ecosystem services than conventional grass or grass-clover leys.Livestock grazing in arable-ley rotations may increase the economic resilience of these systems,despite limited research of the effects of multispecies leys on ruminant health and greenhouse gas emissions.This review aims to evaluate previous research on multispecies leys,highlighting areas for future research and the potential benefits and disbenefits on soil quality and livestock productivity.The botanical composition of multispecies leys is crucial,as legumes,deep rooted perennial plants(e.g.,Onobrychis viciifolia and Cichorium intybus) and herbs(e.g.,Plantago lanceolata) can increase soil carbon,improve soil structure,reduce nitrogen fertilizer requirements,and promote the recovery of soil fauna(e.g.,earthworms) in degraded arable soils while delivering additional environmental benefits(e.g.,biological nitrification inhibition and enteric methane reduction).multispecies leys have the potential to deliver biologically driven regenerative agriculture,but more long-term research is needed to underpin evidence-based policy and farmer guidance.

关键词： bioactive forages integrated crop-livestock systems nitrogen cycling plant secondary metabolites soil carbon soil quality

Understanding voltage hysteresis and decay during anionic redox reaction in layered transition metal oxide cathodes:A critical review

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Nano research 2023年第3期16卷 3766-3780页

作者： Wei Zheng Gemeng Liang Shilin Zhang Kenneth davey Zaiping Guo School of Chemical Engineering&Advanced materials The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

The emergence of anionic redox reactions in layered transition metal oxide cathodes provides practical opportunity to boost the energy density of rechargeable batteries.However,the activation of anionic redox reaction in layered oxides has significant voltage hysteresis and decay that reduce battery performance and limit commercialization.Here,we critically review the up-todate development of anionic redox reaction in layered oxide cathodes,summarize the proposed reaction mechanism,and unveil their connection to voltage hysteresis and decay based on the state-of-the-art progress.In addition,advances associated with various modification approaches to mitigate the voltage hysteresis/decay in layered transition metal oxide cathodes are also included.Finally,we conclude with an appraisal of further research directions including rational design of high-performance layered oxide cathodes with reversible anionic redox reactions and suppressed voltage hysteresis/decay.Findings will be of immediate benefit to the development of layered oxide cathodes for high performance rechargeable batteries.

关键词： anionic redox reaction voltage hysteresis voltage decay layered transition metal oxides Li-ion battery Na-ion battery

PEG Delivery of a Wheat Storage Protein Gene into rice Protoplasts

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High Technology Letters 1995年第1期1卷 18-21页

作者： Daochang, A. davey, m.r. Cocking, E.C. China Natl Cent for Biotechnology Development Beijing China

An effiecent cell suspension culture system has been initiated using callus obtained frommature seeds of the Chinese Japonica variety Eryi 105 as a source.Over the last 12 months,using the'Nottingham method',protoplasts have been produced from these cell suspen-sions,and via the PEG method of transformation.45 regenerated plants were obtained fromDNA-treated protoplasts selected by 80μg/ml G418.The research of molecular analysis onthose plantlets is being carried on by Plant Genetic manipulation Group,Department of LifeScience,University of Nottingham,U.K.

关键词： PEG Delivery Gene rice protoplast

Accuracy and reliability of orthogonal polynomials in representing corneal topography

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medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2022年第3期15卷 124-133页

作者： Junjie Wang Xuefei Li Zheng Wang Pinakin G.davey Yiyu Li Lanting Yang mao Lin Xiaobo Zheng Fangjun Bao Ahmed Elsheikh Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina The Institution of Ocular Biomechanics Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina College of Optometry Western University of Health SciencesPomonaCAUSA School of Engineering University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK National Institute for Health research(NIHr)Biomedical research Centre for Ophthalmology Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondonUK Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijingChina No.270 Xueyuan West road Wenzhou CityZhejiang Province325027China

Fitting of corneal topography data to analytical surfaces has been necessary in many clinical and experimental applications,yet absolute superiority of fitting methods was still unclear,and their overfitting risks were not well studied.This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of orthogonal polynomials as fitting routines to represent corneal topography.Four orthogonal polynomials,namely,Zernike polynomials(ZPs),pseudo-Zernike polynomials(PZPs),Gaussian-Hermite polynomials(GHPs)and Orthogonal Fourier-mellin polynomials(OFmPs),were employed to fit anterior and posterior corneal topographies collected from 200 healthy and 174 keratoconic eyes using Pentacam topographer.The fitting performance of these polynomials were compared,and the potential overfitting risks were assessed through a prediction exercise.The results showed that,except for low orders,the fitting performance differed little among polynomials with orders10 regarding surface reconstruction(rmSEs~0.3μm).Anterior surfaces of normal corneas were fitted more efficiently,followed by those of keratoconic corneas,then posterior corneal surfaces.The results,however,revealed an alarming fact that all polynomials tended to overfit the data beyond certain orders.GHPs,closely followed by ZPs,were the most robust in predicting unmeasured surface locations;while PZPs and especially OFmPs overfitted the surfaces drastically.Order 10 appeared to be optimum for corneal surfaces with 10-mm diameter,ensuring accurate reconstruction and avoiding overfitting.The optimum order however varied with topography diameters and data resolutions.The study concluded that continuing to use ZPs as fitting routine for most topography maps,or using GHPs instead,remains a good choice.Choosing polynomial orders close to the topography diameters(millimeters)is generally suggested to ensure both reconstruction accuracy and prediction reliability and avoid overfitting for both normal and complex(e.g.,keratoconic)corneal surfaces.

关键词： Corneal topography Orthogonal polynomials Optimum order Overfitting Pentacam

PrOGrESS ON ImPrOVING AGrICULTUrAL NITrOGEN USE EFFICIENCY: UK−CHINA VIrTUAL JOINT CENTErS ON NITrOGEN AGrONOmY

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 475-489页

作者： Tom mISSELBrOOK Zhaohai BAI Zejiang CAI Weidong CAO Alison CArSWELL Nicholas COWAN Zhenling CUI David rCHADWICK Bridget EmmETT Keith GOULDING rui JIANG davey LJONES Xiaotang JU Hongbin LIU Yuelai LU Lin mA David POWLSON robert mrEES Ute SKIBA Pete SmITH roger SYLVESTEr-BrADLEY John WILLIAmS Lianhai WU minggang XU Wen XU Fusuo ZHANG Junling ZHANG Jianbin ZHOU Xuejun LIU rothamsted research North WykeOkehamptonDevon EX202SBUK Center for Agricultural resources research Chinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station Yongzhou 426182China College of resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bush EstatePenicuikMidlothian EH260QBUK College of resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangor LL572UWUK UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bangor LL572UWUK rothamsted research HarpendenHertfordshire AL52JQUK College of resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Agricultural resources and regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of International Development University of East AngliaNorwichNorfolk NR47TJUK Scotland’s rural College(SrUC) West Mains RoadEdinburghEH93JGUK Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243FXUK ADAS Boxworth Battlegate RoadBoxworthCambridge CB234NNUK.

Two virtual joint centers for nitrogen agronomy were established between the UK and China to facilitate collaborative research aimed at improving nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)in agricultural production systems and reducing losses of reactive N to the environment.major focus areas were improving fertilizer NUE,use of livestock manures,soil health,and policy development and knowledge exchange.Improvements to fertilizer NUE included attention to application rate in the context of yield potential and economic considerations and the potential of improved practices including enhanced efficiency fertilizers,plastic film mulching and cropping design.Improved utilization of livestock manures requires knowledge of the available nutrient content,appropriate manure processing technologies and integrated nutrient management practices.Soil carbon,acidification and biodiversity were considered as important aspects of soil health.Both centers identified a range of potential actions that could be taken to improve N management,and the research conducted has highlighted the importance of developing a systemslevel approach to assessing improvement in the overall efficiency of N management and avoiding unintended secondary effects from individual interventions.Within this context,the management of fertilizer emissions and livestock manure at the farm and regional scales appear to be particularly important targets for mitigation.

关键词： CINAg N-CIrCLE nitrogen use efficiency reactive nitrogen sustainable production