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Impact of agricultural landscape structure on the patterns of bird species diversity at a regional scale

Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 600-610页

作者： Denisa Dvorakova jan Sipos Josef Suchomel Department of Zoology FisheriesHydrobiology and ApicultureMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 161300BrnoCzech Republic

The loss of bird species diversity is a crucial problem in the European agricultural *** in the area coverage of major land cover types has been mentioned as one of the main factors responsible for bird biodiversity *** this study,we focused on the impact of landscape matrix characteristics on bird species richness and on Faith’s phylogenetic diversity index on a spatial scale of 1000-m radius around the measured occurrence *** investigated how land cover composition affects bird diversity on the landscape scale using nationwide citizen science *** total,168,739 records of bird occurrence in the South moravian Region of the Czech Republic during growing season from 2009 to 2019 were *** found that the presence of water bodies and wetlands significantly corresponded to the areas of highest bird species *** also revealed that the presence of forests(~60%of the forest in the Czech Republic is occupied by commercial forests),urban areas and arable land were negatively associated with bird species richness and phylogenetic ***(both coniferous and deciduous)and urban habitats were found to have a tendency to host a clustered phylogenetic community structure in comparison with wetland and arable land.A strong negative association between forest proportion and bird diversity led us to conclude that the expansion of the forest(with simple species composition,horizontal and vertical structure)could be one of the critical drivers of the decline of bird species diversity in the European agricultural *** the other hand,our results also pointed out that small woody features(i.e.,woodlots)and scattered woodland shrub vegetation were one of the main landscape characteristics supporting a bird diversity in rural *** is in concordance with other studies which mention these landscape structures as important elements for nesting and foraging of farmland *** thus recommend to maintain and restor

关键词： Bird occurrence Citizen science Conservation Landscape influence Phylogenetic diversity Spatial heterogeneity

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Controlling membrane Phase Separation of Polymersomes for Programmed Drug Release

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第9期40卷 1006-1015页

作者： Shuai Chen Erik jan Cornel Jian-Zhong Du Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of Polymeric materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

Programmed release of small molecular drugs from polymersomes is of great importance in drug delivery.A significant challenge is to adjust the membrane permeability in a well-controlled ***,we propose a strategy for controlling membrane phase separation by photo-cross-linking of the membrane-forming blocks with different molecular *** synthesized three amphiphilic block copolymers with different membrane-forming blocks,which are poly(ethylene oxide)_(43)-b-poly((ε-caprolactone)_(45)-stat-((α-(cinnamoyloxymethyl)-1,2,3-triazol)caprolactone)_(25))(PEO_(43)-b-P(CL_(45)-stat-CTCL_(25))),PEO_(43)-b-P(CL_(108)-stat-CTCL_(16)),and PEO_(43)-b-PCTCL_(4)-b-PCL_(79).These polymers were self-assembled into polymersomes using either a solvent-switch or powder rehydration method,and the obtained polymersomes were characterized by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron *** the phase separation patterns within the polymersome membranes were investigated by mesoscopic dynamics(mesoDyn)*** further confirm the change of the membrane permeability that resulted from the phase separation within the membrane,doxorubicin,as a small molecular drug,was loaded and released from the *** to the incompatibility between membrane-forming moieties(PCTCL and PCL),phase separation occurs and the release rate can be tuned by controlling the membrane phase pattern or by ***,besides the compacting effect by formation of chemical bonds in the membrane,the cross-linking process can act as a driving force to facilitate the rearrangement and re-orientation of the phase pattern,which also influences the drug release behavior by modulating the cross-membrane distribution of the amorphous PCTCL *** this way,the strategy of focusing on the membrane phase separation for the preparation of the polymersomes with finely tunable drug release rate can be envisioned and designed accordingly,which is of great signifi

关键词： Polymersome Drug delivery Phase separation Programmed drug release

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Development of CO2 Selective Poly（Ethylene Oxide）-Based membranes： From Laboratory to Pilot Plant Scale

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Engineering 2017年第4期3卷 485-493页

作者： Torsten Brinkmann Jelena Lilleparg Heiko Notzke jan Pohlmann Sergey Shishatskiy jan Wind Thorsten Wolff Institute of Polymer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Geesthacht 21502 Germany

membrane gas separation is one of the most promising technologies for the separation of carbon dioxide （CO2） from various gas streams. One application of this technology is the treatment of flue gases from combustion processes for the purpose of carbon capture and storage. For this application, poly（ethylene oxide）-containing block copolymers such as Pebax or PolyActiveTm polymer are well suited. The thin-film composite membrane that is considered in this overview employs PolyActiveTm polymer as a selective layer material. The membrane shows excellent CO2 permeances of up to 4 m^3（STP）.（m^2·h·bar）^-1 （1 bar = 105 Pa） at a carbon dioxide/nitrogen （CO2/N2） selectivity exceeding 55 at ambient temperature. The membrane can be manufactured reproducibly on a pilot scale and mounted into fiat-sheet membrane modules of different designs. The operating performance of these modules can be accurately predicted by specifically developed simulation tools, which employ single-gas permeation data as the only experimental input. The performance of membranes and modules was investigated in different pilot plant studies, in which flue gas and biogas were used as the feed gas streams. The investigated processes showed a stable separation performance, indicating the applicability of PolyActiveTm polymer as a membrane material for industrialscale gas processing.

关键词： Gas permeation Thin-film composite membrane CO2 separation Carbon capture and storage Biogas processing membrane modules

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T-regulatory lymphocytes in peripheral blood of gastric and colorectal cancer patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第3期17卷 343-348页

作者： Antoni m Szczepanik maciej Siedlar marek Sierzega Dominika Goroszeniuk Karolina Bukowska-Strakova Antoni Czupryna jan Kulig 1st Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery Jagiellonian University Medical College Department of Clinical Immunology Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics Jagiellonian University Medical College SHO Orthopaedics Derriford HospitalPlymouth NHS Trust erriford Road

AIm: To assess the absolute number of T-regulatory cells (Tregs; CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) in the peripheral blood of gastric and colorectal cancer patients. mETHODS: We enrolled 70 cancer patients (33 gastric cancer, 37 colorectal cancer) and 17 healthy volunteers. The CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs in the peripheral blood were analyzed with flow cytometry. The absolute numbers of Tregs were calculated based on the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells percent-age of CD3+CD4+ cells and the absolute numbers of CD3+CD4+ cells per microliter. RESULTS: The mean number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells per microliter in colorectal cancer patients was 15.7 (SD: 21.8), for gastric cancer patients 12.2 (SD: 14.3), and for controls 17.5 (SD: 11.4). The absolute number of Tregs was significantly lower in gastric cancer patients than in controls (P = 0.026). There was no statistically significant difference for gastric vs colorectal cancer or colorectal cancer vs controls. The absolute number of Tregs was also significantly depressed in N+ vs Ncancer patients [22.0 (27.7) vs 10.1 (9.0), P = 0.013], and in the subgroup of gastric cancer patients [30.3 (27.6) vs 9.6 (8.0), P = 0.003]. No statistical difference was observed in the proportion of Tregs in the CD4+ population between the groups. CONCLUSION: The absolute number of Tregs in peripheral blood of gastric cancer but not colorectal cancer patients was significantly decreased in comparison with that in healthy controls.

关键词： CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells T regulatory cells Peripheral blood Gastric cancer Colorectal cancer

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metabolic investigations in patients with hepatitis B and C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第5期16卷 603-607页

作者： Abdul Aziz mastoi Bikha Ram Devrajani Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah qasim Rohopoto Sikander Ali memon marya Baloch Ghulam Ali Qureshi Waqas Sami m.A.Kazi Institute of Chemistry University of SindJamshoro 75000Pakistan Department of medicine Liaquat University of Medical and Health SciencesJamshoro 75000Pakistan medical Research Centre Liaquat University of Medical and Health SciencesJamshoro 75000 Pakistan Department of Biochemistry University of Health SciencesLahore 54600Pakistan

AIm:To investigate the similarities and dissimilarities in patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis C,clinically and metabolically. mETHODS:Fifty patients with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection were included in this study, along with fifty healthy controls for comparison *** blood(10 mL)samples from patients and healthy subjects were collected and made to clot before serum was separated and immediately levels of the enzymes,alkaline phosphatase(ALK),creatinine phosphokinase(CPK),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(sGOT)and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase(sGPT)were determined by a kit *** total con-tent of each metal the serum samples were analyzed using atomic absorption *** of cholesterol,triglycerides,urea,creatinine and uric acid were determined using a kit method on microlab 300. RESULTS:Serum magnesium and copper levels remained unchanged,whereas the concentration of zinc decreased and iron increased significantly in both groups of *** antioxidant activity was significantly decreased in both hepatitis B and *** the enzymes analyzed,ALK,s-GPT,LDH and s-GOT were all significantly increased in both patients with hepatitis B and C whereas CPK was significantly decreased in patients with hepatitis B and remained unchanged in patients with hepatitis C. CONCLUSION:The information accumulated by this study will help provide a better understanding of involved metabolic processes in order to design appropriate therapeutic approaches for treating these patients,so they can recover and lead normal lives.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Antioxidant activity metal content Enzyme activity

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Genetic Enhancement of Indigenous Cowpea with Gamma-Ray Induced Trait Variation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 651-676页

作者： mathurin Tiergnin Dabiré minimassom Philippe Nikiéma Djibril Yonli Safiatou Sanna Wossoguim Josué Gouba Siébou Palé Hamidou Traoré Joseph T. B. Batieno Varra Prasad Zacharia Stewart jan B. middendorf Abhishek Rathore Anupama J. Hingane Unit de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences et Technologies Dpartement des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Agronomy Kansas State University Manhattan USA Center for Agriculture-Led Growth Bureau for Resilience and Food Security United States Agency for International Development United States Agency for International Development Washington DC USA International maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CImmYT) ICRISAT Campus Patancheru India Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Seibersdorf Vienna Austria

Production of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), a staple legume crop in Sub-Saharan Africa, faces challenges due to biotic and abiotic constraints. Induced mutagenesis was deployed to create genetic variation in two cowpea varieties (KVX396-4-5-2D and moussa local). The radio-sensitivity tests led to determe the lethal dose 50 (LD50) corresponding to 230 Gy and 220 Gy for KVX396-4-5-2D and moussa local varieties, respectively. Dried seeds (m0) of each variety were gamma-ray irradiated with LD50 − 50, LD50 and LD50 + 50. m1 seeds were advanced to generate m2, m3 and m4 mutants using the single-seed-descent method. m4 mutant lines were evaluated in rain-fed conditions using a randomized complete block design to assess phenotypic differences. Data on seven qualitative and eleven quantitative traits were collected. The results indicated that the mutation induced variability in three qualitative traits: in KVX 396-4-5-2D mutant lines, with flower and seed color frequencies at 2.61% and 0.56% respectively, and pod dehiscence at a frequency of 0.24%. While in moussa local mutants, a pod color changed at a frequency of 17%. ANOVA results revealed significant differences between mutants of both varieties for all quantitative traits, including photosynthetic parameters. Positive correlations were observed between leaf diameter and 100-seed weight, and between branch number and 100-seed weight. Hierarchical clustering revealed three clusters among KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants and six clusters among moussa local mutants. Early maturity and high foliage were induced traits in Cluster 3 of KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants while high hundred-seed weight was induced in Cluster 6 of moussa local mutants.

关键词： Cowpea mutagenesis Gamma Rays Radio-Sensitivity Phenotyping

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Sediment generation and soil mound denudation in areas of high-density tree throw along a river valley in the Jura mountains, Switzerland

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Journal of mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 377-391页

作者： Philip GREENWOOD jan BAUER Nikolaus J KUHN Physical Geography&Environmental Change Research Group Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 27Basel-4056Switzerland

A preliminary field-based investigation was undertaken in a small(<10 km^(2))river valley located in the mountainous Jura region of northwest *** aims of the work were to assess sediment generation and annual sediment... 详细信息

A preliminary field-based investigation was undertaken in a small(m^(2))river valley located in the mountainous Jura region of northwest *** aims of the work were to assess sediment generation and annual sediment transport rates by tree throw on forested hillslopes,and to document surface hydrology characteristics on four fresh soil mounds associated with recent tree throws over a 24-day monitoring *** the soil mounds,average sediment recovery ranged from 7.7-28.2 g(dry weight),equivalent to a suspended sediment concentration of 145.2-327.8 g L^(-1),and runoff coefficients ranged from 1.0%-4.2%.Based on a soil bulk density value of 1,044 kg m^(-3),upslope runoff generation areas were denuded by an average 0.14 mm by the end of the 24-day monitoring period,representing an erosion rate equivalent to 2.1 mm yr^(-1).A ca.50 cm high soil mound could therefore feasibly persist for around 200-250 *** tree throw work,the dimensions of 215 individual tree throws were measured and their locations mapped in 12 separate locations along the river valley representing a cumulative area equivalent to 5.3 ha(***,43 per ha).Tree throws generated a total of 20.1 m^(3) of fine-sediment(mm diameter),or the equivalent of 3.8×10^(-4) m^(3) m^(-2).The process of tree throw was originally attributed to two extreme weather events that occurred in west and central Europe in late December *** the 18-year period since both storms,this represents an annual sediment transport rate of 2.7×10^(-5) m^(3) m^(-1) yr^(-1).Exploring the relationship with wind on fall direction,65.5%of tree throws(143)generally fell in a downslope direction irrespective of hillslope aspect on which they were *** infers that individual storms may not have been responsible for the majority of tree throws,but instead,could be associated with root *** the high density of tree throws and their relative maturity(average age 41 years),we hypothesise that once tr

关键词： Tree throw Hillslope processes Sediment generation mechanism Sediment transport rate Soil mound Ibach river valley

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measuring NO Production by Plant Tissues and Suspension Cultured Cells

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molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 270-284页

作者： jan Vitecek Vilem Reinohlt Russell L. Jones Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Agronomy Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Zemedelska 1 Brno 613 00 Czech Republic Department of Plant and microbial-Biolocjy University of California Berkeley CA 94720-3102 USA

We describe an inexpensive and reliable detector for measuring NO emitted in the gas phase from plants. The method relies on the use of a strong oxidizer to convert NO to NO2 and subsequent capture of NO2 by a Griess reagent trap. The set-up approaches the sensitivity for NO comparable to that of instruments based on chemiluminescence and photoacoustic detectors. We demonstrate the utility of our set-up by measuring NO produced by a variety of well established plant sources. NO produced by nitrate reductase （NR） in tobacco leaves and barley aleurone was readily detected, as was the production of NO from nitrite by the incubation medium of barley aleurone. Arabidopsis mutants that overproduce NO or lack NO-synthase （AtNOS1） also displayed the expected NO synthesis phenotype when assayed by our set-up. We could also measure NO production from elicitor-treated suspension cultured cells using this set-up. Further, we have focused on the detection of NO by a widely used fluorescent probe 4-amino-5-methylamino-2＇,7＇-difluorofluorescein （DAF-Fm）. Our work points to the pitfalls that must be avoided when using DAF-Fm to detect the production of NO by plant tissues. In addition to the dramatic effects that pH can have on fluorescence from DAF-Fm, the widely used NO scavengers 2-phenyl- 4,4,5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline- 1-oxyl-3-oxide （PTIO） oxide （cPTIO） can produce anomalous and unexpected to bind to dead cells and remain NO-sensitive. and 2-（4-carboxyphenyl）-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline- 1-oxyl-3- results. Perhaps the most serious drawback of DAF-Fm is its ability to bind to dead cells and remain NO-sensitive.

关键词： measuring NO Production Plant Tissues Suspension Cultured Cells

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Corrosion and mechanical properties of a novel biomedical WN43magnesium alloy prepared by spark plasma sintering

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2021年第3期9卷 853-865页

作者： michal Knapek mária Zemková Adam Gres Eva Jablonská Frantisek Lukác Robert Král jan Bohlen Peter minárik Charles University Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsKe Karlovu 512116 PragueCzech Republic Nuclear Physics Institute of CAS Řež13025068ŘežCzech Republic University of Chemistry and Technology Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyTechnická5Prague16628 PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of CAS Za Slovankou 318200 PragueCzech Republic Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Magnesium Innovation Centre(MagIC)D21502 GeesthachtGermany

Alloying of mg with rare-earth(RE)elements proved to be beneficial for their in-vitro and in-vivo *** this work,a novel WN43(mg-4 wt%Y-3 wt%Nd)alloy with a well-defined composition was prepared,where,unlike in the commercial WE43 alloy,the possibly harmful RE mischmetal was substituted by less toxic Nd.A modern spark plasma sintering(SPS)technique was used to effectively produce WN43 samples from atomized *** temperatures of 400℃-550℃ and holding times of 3 or 10 min were used and wellcompacted final materials were successfully *** was shown that a superior combination of corrosion and mechanical properties was attained in the samples sintered at 500℃ and 550℃,while the effect of sintering time was rather *** performance of this material was exceptional within the group of mg alloys prepared by powder metallurgy and comparable with conventionally prepared ***,it was shown that a great variety of mechanical and corrosion characteristics can be obtained by altering the SPS parameters so as to fulfill case-specific requirements typical of biomedical ***,the novel WN43 alloy prepared by SPS seems to be a particularly suitable material for biomedical use.

关键词： magnesium Biocompatibility Powder Sintering Corrosion Rare earth element

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Epidemiology and risk factors for mortality in critically ill patients with pancreatic infection

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Journal of Intensive medicine 2024年第1期4卷 81-93页

作者： marie Dejonckheere massimo Antonelli Kostoula Arvaniti Koen Blot Ben CreaghBrown Dylan Wde Lange jan De Waele mieke Deschepper Yalim Dikmen George Dimopoulos Christian Eckmann Guy Francois massimo Girardis Despoina Koulenti Sonia Labeau Jeffrey Lipman Fernando Lipovestky Emilio maseda Philippe montravers Adam mikstacki JoseArtur Paiva Cecilia Pereyra Jordi Rello JeanFrancois Timsit Dirk Vogelaers Stijn Blot the Abdominal Sepsis Study(AbSeS)group on behalf of the Trials Group of the European Society of Intensive Care medicine Department of Internal medicine and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Department of Anesthesiology Intensive Care and Emergency MedicineFondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore RomeItaly Intensive Care Unit Papageorgiou University Affiliated HospitalThessaloníkiGreece Department of Epidemiology and Public Health SciensanoIxellesBelgium Surrey Perioperative Anaesthetic Critical Care Collaborative Research Group(SPACeR) Royal Surrey County HospitalGuildfordUK Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine University of SurreyGuildfordUK Department of Intensive Care medicine University Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands Department of Intensive Care medicine Ghent University HospitalGhentBelgium Data Science Institute Ghent University HospitalGhentBelgium Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Cerrahpasa School of MedicineIstanbul University-CerrahpasaIstanbulTurkey rd Department of Critical Care “EVGENIDIO”HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece Department of General Visceral and Thoracic SurgeryKlinikum Hannoversch-MuendenGoettingen UniversityGöttingenGermany Division of Scientific Affairs-Research European Society of Intensive Care MedicineBrusselsBelgium Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department University Hospital of ModenaModenaItaly UQ Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia nd Critical Care Department Attikon University HospitalAthensGreece Department of Nursing Faculty of EducationHealth and Social WorkUniversity College GhentGhentBelgium Jamieson Trauma Institute The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Nimes University Hospital University of MontpellierNimesFrance Critical Care Department Hospital of the Interamerican Open University(UAI)Buenos AiresArgentina Surgical Critical Care Department of AnesthesiaHospital Universitario

Background:The AbSeS-classification defines specific phenotypes of patients with intra-abdominal infection based on the(1)setting of infection onset(community-acquired,early onset,or late-onset hospital-acquired),(2)presence or absence of either localized or diffuse peritonitis,and(3)severity of disease expression(infection,sepsis,or septic shock).This classification system demonstrated reliable risk stratification in intensive care unit(ICU)patients with intra-abdominal *** study aimed to describe the epidemiology of ICU patients with pancreatic infection and assess the relationship between the components of the AbSeS-classification and ***:This was a secondary analysis of an international observational study(“AbSeS”)investigating ICU patients with intra-abdominal *** patients with pancreatic infection were included in this analysis(n=165).mortality was defined as ICU mortality within 28 days of observation for patients discharged earlier from the *** with mortality were assessed using logistic regression analysis and reported as odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI).Results:The overall mortality was 35.2%(n=58).The independent risk factors for mortality included older age(OR=1.03,95%CI:1.0 to 1.1 P=0.023),localized peritonitis(OR=4.4,95%CI:1.4 to 13.9 P=0.011),and persistent signs of inflammation at day 7(OR=9.5,95%CI:3.8 to 23.9,Pmplementation of additional source control interventions within the first week(OR=4.0,95%CI:1.3 to 12.2,P=0.013).Gramnegative bacteria were most frequently isolated(n=58,49.2%)without clinically relevant differences in microbial etiology between survivors and ***:In pancreatic infection,a challenging source/damage control and ongoing pancreatic inflammation appear to be the strongest contributors to an unfavorable short-term *** this limited series,essentials of the AbSeS-classification,such as the setting of infection onset,diffuse

关键词： Pancreatic infection Intensive care unit mortality Intra-abdominal infection Sepsis

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