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A review on transition metal oxides based photocatalysts for degradation of synthetic organic pollutants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 389-417页

作者： Athira Krishnan Anna Swarnalal Divine Das midhina Krishnan viswanathan S.Saji SmAShibli Department of Chemistry Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamAmritapuriKerala690525India Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced materials King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry University of KeralaKariavattom CampusThiruvananthapuramKerala695581India

This review provides insight into the current research trend in transition metal oxides(TmOs)-based photocatalysis in removing the organic colouring matters from water.For easy understanding,the research progress has been presented in four generations according to the catalyst composition and mode of application,viz:single component TmOs(the firstgeneration),doped TmOs/binary TmOs/doped binary TmOs(the second-generation),inactive/active support-immobilized TmOs(the third-generation),and ternary/quaternary compositions(the fourth-generation).The first two generations represent suspended catalysts,the third generation is supported catalysts,and the fourth generation can be suspended or supported.The review provides an elaborated comparison between suspended and supported catalysts,their general/specific requirements,key factors controlling degradation,and the methodologies for performance evaluation.All the plausible fundamental and advanced dye degradation mechanisms involved in each generation of catalysts were demonstrated.The existing challenges in TmOs-based photocatalysis and how the researchers approach the hitch to resolve it effectively are discussed.Future research trends are also presented.

关键词： photocatalysis Dye degradation Transition metal oxides and composites Supported catalysts Suspended catalysts

Optimizing Service Stipulation Uncertainty with Deep Reinforcement Learning for Internet Vehicle Systems

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5705-5721页

作者： Zulqar Nain B.Shahana Shehzad Ashraf Chaudhry p.viswanathan m.S.mekala Sung Won Kim Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan-siKorea Department of Computer Science and Engineering KLEFIndia Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureIstanbul Gelisim UniversityIstanbul34310Turkey School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT UniversityVelloreIndia

Fog computing brings computational services near the network edge to meet the latency constraints of cyber-physical System(CpS)applications.Edge devices enable limited computational capacity and energy availability that hamper end user performance.We designed a novel performance measurement index to gauge a device’s resource capacity.This examination addresses the offloading mechanism issues,where the end user(EU)offloads a part of its workload to a nearby edge server(ES).Sometimes,the ES further offloads the workload to another ES or cloud server to achieve reliable performance because of limited resources(such as storage and computation).The manuscript aims to reduce the service offloading rate by selecting a potential device or server to accomplish a low average latency and service completion time to meet the deadline constraints of sub-divided services.In this regard,an adaptive online status predictive model design is significant for prognosticating the asset requirement of arrived services to make float decisions.Consequently,the development of a reinforcement learning-based flexible x-scheduling(RFXS)approach resolves the service offloading issues,where x=service/resource for producing the low latency and high performance of the network.Our approach to the theoretical bound and computational complexity is derived by formulating the system efficiency.A quadratic restraint mechanism is employed to formulate the service optimization issue according to a set ofmeasurements,as well as the behavioural association rate and adulation factor.Our system managed an average 0.89%of the service offloading rate,with 39 ms of delay over complex scenarios(using three servers with a 50%service arrival rate).The simulation outcomes confirm that the proposed scheme attained a low offloading uncertainty,and is suitable for simulating heterogeneous CpS frameworks.

关键词： Fog computing task allocation measurement models feasible node selection methods performance metrics

Improving detection of cerebral small vessel disease aetiology in patients with isolated lobar intracerebral haemorrhage

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第1期8卷 26-33页

作者： Alvin S Das Elif Gokcal Robert W Regenhardt mitchell J Horn Kristin Schwab Nader Daoud Anand viswanathan W Taylor Kimberly Joshua N Goldstein Alessandro Biffi Natalia Rost Jonathan Rosand Lee H Schwamm Steven m Greenberg m Edip Gurol Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Emergency medicine Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background and purpose We evaluate whether non-haemorrhagic imaging markers(NHIm)(white matter hyperintensity patterns,lacunes and enlarged perivascular spaces(EpVS))can discriminate cerebral amyloid angiopathy(CAA)from hypertensive cerebral small vessel disease(HTN-cSVD)among patients with isolated lobar intracerebral haemorrhage(isolated-LICH).methods In patients with isolated-LICH,four cSVD aetiologic groups were created by incorporating the presence/distribution of NHIm:HTN-cSVD pattern,CAA pattern,mixed NHIm and no NHIm.CAA pattern consisted of patients with any combination of severe centrum semiovale EpVS,lobar lacunes or multiple subcortical spots pattern.HTN-cSVD pattern consisted of any HTN-cSVD markers:severe basal ganglia pVS,deep lacunes or peribasal ganglia white matter hyperintensity pattern.mixed NHIm consisted of at least one imaging marker from either pattern.Our hypothesis was that patients with HTN-cSVD pattern/mixed NHIm would have a higher frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH),which is associated with HTN-cSVD.Results In 261 patients with isolated-LICH,CAA pattern was diagnosed in 93 patients,HTN-cSVD pattern in 53 patients,mixed NHIm in 19 patients and no NHIm in 96 patients.The frequency of LVH was similar among those with HTN-cSVD pattern and mixed NHIm(50%vs 39%,p=0.418)but was more frequent in HTN-cSVD pattern compared with CAA pattern(50%vs 20%,pmodel,HTN-cSVD pattern(OR:7.38;95%CI 2.84 to 19.20)and mixed NHIm(OR:4.45;95%CI 1.25 to 15.90)were found to be independently associated with LVH.Conclusion Among patients with isolated-LICH,NHIm may help differentiate HTN-cSVD from CAA,using LVH as a marker for HTN-cSVD.

关键词： patients cerebral hypertensive

糖尿病患者足溃疡减压指南(2023年更新版)——《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病相关的足病预防与管理指南(2023)》的一部分

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感染、炎症、修复 2024年第1期25卷 1-22页

作者： Sicco A.Bus David G.Armstrong Ryan T.Crews Catherine Gooday Gustav Jarl Klaus Kirketerp-moller Vijay viswanathan peter A.Lazzarini on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot 陈燕刘斌张晓诗邓武权(译) 王爱萍许樟荣(审校) Amsterdam UmC University of AmsterdamDepartment of Rehabilitation MedicineAmsterdamthe Netherlands Amsterdam movement Sciences program Rehabilitation&DevelopmentAmsterdamthe Netherlands Southwestern Academic Limb Salvage Alliance(SALSA) Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern California(USC)Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA Dr.William m.Scholl College of podiatric medicine's Center for Lower Extremity Ambulatory Research(CLEAR)at Rosalind Franklin University North ChicagoIllinoisUSA Elsie Bertram Diabetes Centre Norfolk and Norwich University HospitalsNorwichUK Department of prosthetics and Orthotics Faculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden University Health Care Research Center Faculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden Copenhagen Wound Healing Center Bispebjerg University HospitalCopenhagenDenmark Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenDenmark mV Hospital for Diabetes ChennaiIndia School of public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia Allied Health Research Collaborative The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneAustralia 不详重庆大学附属中心医院重庆400014 东部战区空军医院糖尿病足中心江苏南京210002 战略支援部队特色医学中心北京100101

减轻组织的机械性压力在治愈糖尿病相关的足溃疡所需的多种干预措施中最为重要。本文是2023年国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)发布的减压治疗促进糖尿病相关的足溃疡愈合的循证指南,也是对2019年IWGDF指南的更新。我们遵循推荐、评估、发展... 详细信息

减轻组织的机械性压力在治愈糖尿病相关的足溃疡所需的多种干预措施中最为重要。本文是2023年国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)发布的减压治疗促进糖尿病相关的足溃疡愈合的循证指南,也是对2019年IWGDF指南的更新。我们遵循推荐、评估、发展和评价分级(GRADE)方法学,以患者-干预-比较-结局(patient-intervention-control-outcome,pICO)模式设计临床问题和重要结果,进行系统评价和meta分析,制定评判表汇总,为每个问题编写推荐和理由。每项推荐都是基于系统综述中发现的证据,在无证据情况下则采用专家意见,以及对判断项目的GRADE等级总结进行仔细权衡,包括可预期和不可预期的影响、证据的确定性、患者价值、所需资源、成本效益、公平性、可行性和可接受性。为了治愈糖尿病患者神经性前足底或中足底溃疡,要使用不可拆卸的齐膝高减压装置作为首选减压干预措施。如果患者存在对不可拆卸减压装置的禁忌证或不能耐受,考虑使用可拆卸齐膝(或踝)高减压装置作为减压干预措施的第二选择。如果无可用的减压装置,考虑使用合适的鞋具结合毡制泡沫作为减压干预措施的第三选择。如果这种非手术减压治疗不能治愈前足底溃疡,可以考虑跟腱延长术、跖骨头切除术、关节置换术或跖骨截骨术。为了治疗继发于屈趾畸形的神经性足底或小趾远端溃疡,可行趾屈肌腱切开术。为了促进后足、非足底或并发感染或缺血的溃疡的愈合,提出了进一步的推荐。所有推荐都已在减压临床路径中进行了总结,以帮助促进本指南在临床实践中的实施。这些减压推荐将帮助医务人员为糖尿病相关的足溃疡患者提供最佳的治疗和预后,降低患者感染、住院和截肢的风险。

关键词：糖尿病足溃疡减压减压装置指南国际糖尿病足工作组

A green path to extract carbon quantum dots by coconut water:Another fluorescent probe towards Fe^(3+) ions

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particuology 2021年第5期19卷 251-258页

作者： manoharan preethi Chinnuswamy viswanathan Nagamony ponpandian Department of Nanoscience and Technology Bharathiar UniversityCoimbatore 641046India

In recent years,carbon quantum dots(CQDs)have been of great enthrallment in the fluorescent probe field.Carbon precursors with interesting physicochemical properties may be derived from natural sources.In this research,for the first time,coconut water has been used as a source of carbon to prepare blue fluorescent CQDs without any modification and functionalization.The preparation of CQDs is very simple and cost-effective,when compared with other conventional techniques.The reaction parameters temperature and pH were varied to obtain monodispersed spherical CQDs with an average grain size of ∼5 nm.The CQDs exhibit blue emission with a wavelength of 487 nm with an excitation wavelength of 390 nm and are used for Fe^(3+) ions detection.Fe^(3+) ions have been observed to quench the fluorescence intensity of the CQDs than other heavy metals.In the presence of Fe^(3+) ions,the fluorescent CQDs are quenched due to the interaction of CQDs and Fe^(3+) ions.A spectroscopic result shows that Fe^(3+) ions can be observed within a concentration of 0-700μm,as well as the detection limit is 0.30μm.The CQDs provide a unique pathway for potential application in the environmental monitoring of heavy metal ions.

关键词： Green preparation of CQDs Coconut water Stirrer-assisted technique Detection of metal ions Quenching efficiency Nonfluorescence

促进糖尿病患者足溃疡愈合的干预措施指南(2023年更新版)——《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病相关的足病预防与管理指南(2023)》的一部分

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感染、炎症、修复 2024年第1期25卷 23-51页

作者： pam Chen Nalini Campillo Vilorio Ketan Dhatariya William Jeffcoate Ralf Lobmann Caroline mcIntosh Alberto piaggesi John Steinberg prash Vas Vijay viswanathan Stephanie Wu Fran Game on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot 杨彩哲谷熠彬(译) 曹瑛邹梦晨许樟荣(审校) Joondalup Health Campus Ramsay Healthcare AustraliaJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia Faculty of Health University of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia Department of Diabetology Diabetic Foot UnitPlaza de la Salud General HospitalSanto DomingoDominican Republic Elsie Bertram Diabetes Centre Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNorwichUK Norwich medical School University of East AngliaNorwichUK Retired physician NottinghamUK Clinic for Endocrinology Diabetology and GeriatricsKlinikum StuttgartStuttgartGermany podiatric medicine School of Health SciencesUniversity of GalwayIreland Diabetic Foot Section Department of MedicineUniversity of PisaItaly Georgetown University School of medicine Washington DCUSA King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust LondonUK mV Hospital for Diabetes and prof m viswanathan Diabetes Research Center ChennaiIndia Dr.William m.Scholl College of podiatric medicine at Rosalind Franklin University of medicine and Science North ChicagoIllinoisUSA University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust DerbyUK 不详空军特色医学中心北京100042 战略支援部队特色医学中心北京100101 南方医院广东广州510515

创面处理的原则,包括清创、创面准备和使用涉及改变创面生理以促进愈合的新技术,在试图治愈慢性糖尿病相关的足溃疡时是至关重要的。此外,糖尿病相关的足溃疡的发病率和治疗成本不断上升,这就需要结合作为金标准的多学科治疗已有共识,... 详细信息

创面处理的原则,包括清创、创面准备和使用涉及改变创面生理以促进愈合的新技术,在试图治愈慢性糖尿病相关的足溃疡时是至关重要的。此外,糖尿病相关的足溃疡的发病率和治疗成本不断上升,这就需要结合作为金标准的多学科治疗已有共识,运用高质量的疗效和成本效益证据来支持和加强慢性糖尿病相关的足溃疡创面愈合的干预措施。本指南是2023年国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)针对促进糖尿病患者足溃疡愈合的干预措施的循证指南。它是对2019年IWGDF指南的更新。我们遵循推荐、评估、发展、评价分级(GRADE)方法,以患者-干预-对照-结果(pICO)形式设计临床问题从而得出重要结果,进行系统综述,制定评判表汇总,并为每个问题撰写推荐和理由。每条推荐的形式都是基于系统综述中发现的证据,并使用GRADE评判汇总项目,包括理想和不理想的效果、证据的可信度、对患者的价值、所需的资源、成本效益、公平性、可行性和可接受性;我们制定的推荐由作者同意并由独立专家和利益相关者审查。根据系统综述和从证据到决策过程的结果,我们提出29条推荐。我们对使用干预措施改善糖尿病患者足溃疡的愈合提出了一些有条件的支持性推荐。这些推荐包括蔗糖八硫酸盐敷料的使用,对手术后的创面使用负压疗法,使用胎盘衍生产品,使用自体白细胞、血小板、纤维蛋白贴剂,使用局部氧疗,以及使用高压氧,但我们强调在任何情况下这些推荐应在单独应用最佳标准治疗无法治愈伤口且有资源可用于干预的情况下使用。这些关于创面愈合的推荐应该有助于提高糖尿病伴足溃疡患者的疗效,我们希望这些推荐能得到广泛的实施。然而,尽管作为推荐基础的许多证据的准确性正在提高,但总体上仍然很差,我们鼓励在这一领域进行更多、质量更好的试验,包括那些有关卫生经济学分析的试验。

关键词：糖尿病足溃疡干预指南国际糖尿病工作组

Galvanic corrosion of AZ31B joined to dual-phase steel with and without Zn layer by ultrasonic and friction stir welding

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2023年第2期11卷 462-479页

作者： Jiheon Jun Vineet V.Joshi Alasdair Crawford Vilayanur viswanathan Donovan N.Leonard Jian Chen piyush Updadhyay Yong Chae Lim Zhili Feng Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTNUSA pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWashingtonUSA

Galvanic corrosion of AZ31B joined with bare or Zn-coated Dp590 steel by ultrasonic spot welding or linear friction stir welding was quantitatively studied by pre-defining anode and cathode in the lap joint samples. Corrosion volume and depth from mg anode surfaces exposed to 0.1 m sodium chloride solution was analyzed as functions of cathode surface type and welding method. Characterization of as-welded joints was performed to identify any microstructural feature of the bonding zone that could impact galvanic corrosion behavior.COmSOL modeling with modified user subroutine was conducted to simulate the progression of mg corrosion in the same joint and electrode configurations used for the corrosion experiments. The experimental results indicated that Zn-coated cathode surface can reduce mg galvanic corrosion significantly as galvanic polarization and cathodic current on Zn-coated surface remained relatively low for mg in the weld joints.COmSOL modeling described the growth of mg galvanic corrosion in a reasonable manner but showed limitation by underestimating the corrosion volume as it did not capture self-corrosion.

关键词： mg alloy Zn coating Ultrasonic spot welding Friction stir welding Galvanic corrosion

Overcoming the challenges of conducting translational research in cell therapy

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Frontiers of medicine 2011年第4期5卷 333-335页

作者： Sowmya viswanathan Armand Keating Cell Therapy program Princess Margaret HospitalUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONM5G 2M9Canada Division of Hematology Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM5G 2M9Canada

Cell therapy holds promise in addressing a number of unmet medical needs but despite its considerable impetus,faces numerous challenges including support for translational research in this area.Here,we examine the challenges confronting cell therapy research including the limited funding available for translational research partly due to the uncompetitive nature of required validation studies in cell therapy that of necessity are not hypothesis-driven.Other issues include lack of standardization of definitions of cell products,uncertainty regarding optimum preclinical animal models,duplication of efforts to secure regulatory approval and a lack of uniformity of nomenclature for some cell products.Nonetheless,several initiatives to address all of these issues are underway.

关键词： stem cells clinical trials funding animal models standardization common definitions

Unity and Diversity of Responses to Xenobiotics in Organisms

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1993年第4期6卷 352-366页

作者： pOONAmKAKKAR FARHATN.JAFFERY p.N.viswanathan Ecotoxicology EcotoxicologyEcotoxicology SectionIndustrial Toxicology Research Centre P.O.Box 80M.G.MargLucknow-226001IndiaSectionIndustrial Toxicology Research Centre P.O.Box 80M.G.MargLucknow-226001IndiaSectionIndustrial Toxicology Research Centre P.O.Box 80M.G.MargLucknow-226001India

A conceptual treatment of the mechanisms involved in the process of toxicosis by diverse agents in different tissues indicate a likely unspecific, common, central process in addition to specific precipitating factors acting on a particular site in a cascade of events. Free radicals, membrane functions and calcium functions appear to be links in the common pathway. Such a central mechanism could be interrelated with immunological defenses as well as genotoxic changes at different sites, suggesting parallel or related evolution of these antistress mechanisms. many radical scavengers, antioxidants, membrane stabilizers, nutritional supplements and calcium modulators have proved beneficial either in reducing toxic impact, delaying the development of lesions or even reversing the effects. Similarly, recent evidences show that some immunomodulators can act as antioxidants and antigenotoxicants. Thus, the status of body defenses which may vary from one individual to the other have a role in deciding the effects under the same quantified risks with varying relative responses. Whether modulation of physiological defenses against stress could help in developing prophylactic measures remains an open question.

关键词： Unity and Diversity of Responses to Xenobiotics in Organisms