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levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Healthcare Waste Incinerators’ Bottom Ash from Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第3期15卷 318-337页

作者： muriithi Jackson Githinji Paul mwangi Njogu Zipporah Nganga mohamed Karama Institute of Tropical medicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROmID) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Academic Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya Public Health and Epidemiology Umma University Kajiado Kenya

Health-care waste contains potentially harmful microorganisms and compounds which can infect and affect hospital patients, healthcare workers, the general public and environment. Therefore, management of health care waste requires safe handling, treatment and disposal procedures. While incineration reduces the volume and quantity of waste for final disposal, it leads to the production of fly and bottom ashes laden with toxic incomplete combustion products such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins, furans and heavy metals. This exposes workers who handle and dispose the bottom ashes, hospital patients, the general public and environment. The goal of this study was to determine the total and individual levels of 16 most prevalent and toxic PAHs. Bottom ash samples were collected from incinerators in five county hospitals in Kenya, namely;moi-Voi, Narok, Kitale, makindu and Isiolo. Bottom ash samples were collected over a period of six months from the five hospitals. The samples were then sieved, homogenised and stored at 4°C in amber coloured glass containers. The PAHs were extracted using 30 ml of a hexane-acetone solvent (1:1) mixture by ultrasonication at room temperature (23°C) for 45 minutes. The PAHs were then analyzed with a GC-mS spectrophotometer model (Shimadzu GCmS-QP2010 SE) connected to a computer work station was used for the PAHs analysis. The GC-mS was equipped with an SGE BPX5 GC capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm) for the separation of compounds. Helium was used as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 15.5 ml/minute and 14.5 psi. 1 μl of the sample was injected at 280°C, split mode (10:1). The oven programming was set for a total runtime of 40 minutes, which included: 100°C (2-minute hold);10°C /min rise to 200°C;7°C /min rise to 249°C;3°C /min rise to 300°C (2-minute hold). The interface temperature was set at 290°C. Analysis was done in Selected Ion monitoring (SIm) mode and the peak areas of each of the PAHs were collected from

关键词： PAHs GC-mS Healthcare Wastes Disposal Incinerator Bottom Ash

Tissue-source effect on mesenchymal stem cells as living biodrugs for heart failure:Systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第8期16卷 469-483页

作者： moaz Safwan mariam Safwan Bourgleh mohamed Aldoush Khawaja Husnain Haider Department of Basic Sciences Sulaiman Al Rajhi UniversityAl Bukairiyah 51941Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND mesenchymal stem cells(mSCs),as living biodrugs,have entered advanced phases of clinical assessment for cardiac function restoration in patients with myocardial infarction and heart *** mSCs are available from diverse tissue sources,bone-marrow-derived mSCs(Bm-mSCs)remain the most wellstudied cell type,besides umbilical-cord-derived mSCs(UC-mSCs).The latter offers advantages,including noninvasive availability without ethical *** To compare the safety and efficacy of Bm-mSCs and UC-mSCs in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction(lVEF),6-min walking distance(6mWD),and major adverse cardiac events(mACEs).mETHODS Five databases were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Thirteen RCTs(693 patients)were included using predefined eligibility *** mean differences and odds ratio(OR)for the changes in the estimated treatment *** UC-mSCs significantly improved lVEF vs controls by 5.08%[95%confidence interval(CI):2.20%-7.95%]at 6 mo and 2.78%(95%CI:0.86%-4.70%)at 12 ***,no significant effect was observed for Bm-mSCs vs *** significant changes were observed in the 6mWD with either of the two cell ***,no differences were observed for mACEs,except rehospitalization rates,which were lower only with Bm-mSCs(odds ratio 0.48,95%CI:0.24-0.97)vs *** UC-mSCs significantly improved lVEF compared with *** advant-Safwan m et ***-source and mSCs as living biodrugs ageous characteristics position them as a promising alternative to mSC-based therapy.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Heart disease mesenchymal stem cells Umbilical cord stem cells

Assessing donor-recipient arterial pressure dynamics in STA-mCA bypass for moyamoya disease

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中华神经外科杂志(英文) 2024年第3期10卷 1-10页

作者： Helmy mohamed liao Yujun Zhao Zehao li Zhiqi He Kangmin Xu Bin Neurosurgery Department Fudan University Huashan Hospital Shanghai People’s Republic of China National Center for Neurological Disorders Shanghai People’s Republic of China

Background In bypass surgery for moyamoya disease (mmD), the superficial temporal artery’s (STA) pressure needs to surpass that of the cortical m4 recipient of the middle cerebral artery (mCA), boosting cerebral blood flow into the mCA and enhancing cerebral circulation. This study investigates the STA-mCA arterial pressure parameters and gradients during bypass surgery, aiming to deepen our understanding of hemodynamic shifts pre- and *** DSA imaging data were prospectively collected from patients diagnosed with bilateral mmD who underwent STA-mCA bypass surgery between 2022 and 2023 and stratified according to the Suzuki stage. The mean arterial pressure (mAP) of the donor and recipient arteries was directly measured during the STA-mCA bypass procedure, and these data were statistically analyzed and *** Among 48 mmD patients, Suzuki grading revealed that 43.8% were in early stages (II and III), while 56.2% were in advanced stages (IV, V, and VI). Predominantly, 77.1% presented with ischemic-type mmD and 22.9% with hemorrhagic type. Pre-bypass assessments showed that 62.5% exhibited antegrade blood flow direction, and 37.5% had retrograde. The mean recipient artery pressure was 35.0 ± 2.3 mmHg, with a mean donor-recipient pressure gradient (δP) of 46.4 ± 2.5 mmHg between donor and recipient arteries. Post-bypass, mean recipient artery pressure increased to 73.3 ± 1.6 mmHg. No significant correlation (r= 0.18,P= 0.21) was noted between δP and Suzuki *** Our study elucidated that cerebral blood pressure significantly decreases beyond the moyamoya network at the distal m4 segment. Furthermore, we observed bidirectional flow in mCA territories and a significant positive pressure gradient between the STA and m4 segments. The lack of correlation between Suzuki stages and m4 pressures indicates that angiographic severity may not reflect hemodynamic conditions before surgery, highlighting the need for customized surgical appr

关键词： moyamoya disease Pressure gradient Cerebral hemodynamic Suzuki stage

Phytochemical, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of different fractions of moringa oleifera leaves methanol extract against liver injury in animal model

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2018年第7期11卷 423-429页

作者： Attia H.Atta Soad m.Nasr Abduljalil H.Almaweri Doaa Sedky Amany m.mohamed Hassan m.Desouky mostafa A.Shalaby Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cairo University Department of Parasitology & Animal Diseases National Research Centre(Egypt) Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination National Research Centre(Egypt)

Objective: To evaluate the potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of n-hexane, dichloromethane(DCm), ethyl acetate(EtOAc), n-butanol and aqueous fractions of moringa oleifera(m. oleifera) leaves methanol extract against carbon tetrachloride(CCl_4)-induced liver injury in rats. methods: These fractions were prepared from the m. oleifera leaves methanol extract by solubilization in water and partitioning in n-hexane, EtOAc, DCm and n-butanol. Their phyto-components were identified by GC-mS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant effect of these fractions was carried out by assessment of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity. A total of 40 Sprague Dawley rats were allocated into 8 equal groups: group 1 given olive oil(1 m l/kg ***.), group 2 injected with CCl_4, group 3 to 7 administered with n-hexane, DCm, EtOAc, n-butanol and aqueous fractions, respectively after CCl_4, group 8 administered with silymarin after CCl_4. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, total proteins and albumin in serum were determined spectrophotometrically. Glutathione reduced, lipid peroxide by-products levels, glutathione-s-transferase and catalase enzyme activities in the liver homogenate were determined by spectrophotometer. liver specimens were also examined for histopathological alterations under light microscope. Results: The GCmS analysis of different fractions of the m. oleifera leaves methanol extract revealed that n-hexane, DCm, EtOAc, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions contained 17, 22, 23, 19 and 32 compounds, respectively. The percent and the molecular structure of each component in each fraction were identified. The n-butanol and EtOAc fractions exhibited the strongest in vitro antioxidant activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. CCl_4 significantly decreased glutathione reduced and total proteins concentration and glutathione-s-transferase and catalase activiti

关键词： Hepatoprotective Antioxidants moringa oleifera Fractions Phytochemical

A new technique of monsplasty as an adjunctive procedure in cases of abdominoplasty:A prospective clinical trial

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2024年第3期6卷 124-129页

作者： laila Ahmed Aboul Nasr Sherief Zamer Ahmed Fathy Elsayed mohamed Hatem Elsahar Department of Plastic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-AinyCairo UniversityCairo11562Egypt

Background:No standard monsplasty technique has existed until *** various monsplasty methods have been described,they exhibit high complication rates with sparse postoperative *** that used pubic suspension techniques did not describe exact anatomical landmarks for the mons *** study aimed to improve the aesthetic and functional appearance of the pubic region with long-term results for all grades of pubic ptosis or bulging with abdominoplasty and provide exact anatomical points to anchor the mons to the rectus ***:This non-randomized prospective clinical trial included 30 patients with various degrees of abdominal wall laxity between December 2017 and September *** surgical procedure was performed for female patients with pendulous abdomen,pubic ptosis or bulging,body mass index≤35 kg/m^(2),and age 18–60 *** patients were followed for up to one year;patient satisfaction was assessed before and after surgery regarding aesthetic results and impact on outfits,hygiene,and sexual ***:The marginal homogeneity test revealed a statistically significant patient satisfaction rate regarding outfits,sexual function,hygiene,and *** postoperative complications,seroma(one case)was managed by aspiration,and one case of wound dehiscence was managed conservatively with ***:This study recommends a quick and reproducible monsplasty technique with a low complication rate,a technique that helps determine specific anatomical landmarks for anchoring the mons to the rectus *** this technique with abdominal contouring is advisable for optimal aesthetic results and maintained lymphatic drainage in the pubic region.

关键词： Abdominoplasty mons ptosis Pubic suspension Skin redundancy

Numerical modeling and Technico-Economic Analysis of a Hybrid Energy Production System for Self-Consumption: Case of Rural Area in the Comoros

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第5期12卷 24-59页

作者： Fahad maoulida mohamed Aboudou Kassim Rabah Djedjig Ahmed Ihlal mohammed El Ganaoui lERmAB Laboratory of Studies and Research on Wood Material IUT of Longwy University of Lorraine Cosnes-et-Romain Longwy France lEmA Energy and Applied Mechanics Laboratory Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Comoros Moroni Comoros IREmIS Institute University of Mayotte Mayotte France lmER Laboratory of Materials and Renewable Faculty of Sciences University Ibn Zohr BP Agadir Morocco

This study aims to provide electricity to a remote village in the Union of Comoros that has been affected by energy problems for over 40 years. The study uses a 50 kW diesel generator, a 10 kW wind turbine, 1500 kW photovoltaic solar panels, a converter, and storage batteries as the proposed sources. The main objective of this study is to conduct a detailed analysis and optimization of a hybrid diesel and renewable energy system to meet the electricity demand of a remote area village of 800 to 1500 inhabitants located in the north of Ngazidja Island in Comoros. The study uses the Hybrid Optimization model for Electric Renewable (HOmER) Pro to conduct simulations and optimize the analysis using meteorological data from Comoros. The results show that hybrid combination is more profitable in terms of margin on economic cost with a less expensive investment. With a diesel cost of $1/l, an average wind speed of 5.09 m/s and a solar irradiation value of 6.14 kWh/m2/day, the system works well with a proportion of renewable energy production of 99.44% with an emission quantity of 1311.407 kg/year. 99.2% of the production comes from renewable sources with an estimated energy surplus of 2,125,344 kWh/year with the cost of electricity (COE) estimated at $0.18/kWh, presenting a cost-effective alternative compared to current market rates. These results present better optimization of the used hybrid energy system, satisfying energy demand and reducing the environmental impact.

关键词： Hybrid System Rural Area Electrification Comoros Techno-Economic Analysis PV-Wind-Diesel-Battery meteorological Data HOmER Energy Pro

Biochemical liver Functions and molecular Identification of Fasciola hepatica from Experimentally Infected Rat model

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 88-100页

作者： Omnia m. Kandil Emad B. Ata margarita P. Gabrashanska Hatem A. Shalaby Tamer H. Abd El-Aziz Noha m. F. Hassan Soad m. Nasr mohamed A. Helal Ebtesam m. Al-Olayan Department of Parasitology & Animal Diseases Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Giza Egypt Institute of Experimental morphology Pathology and Anthropology with Museum Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria Department of Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The current study was performed to evaluate the liver function status as well as molecular characterization of the recovered worms in rats experimentally infected with F. hepatica. Sixteen male Wister rats aged 30 days were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 8). The first group was infected orally with 15 viable encysted metacercaria of F. hepatica per animal. The other group was kept non-infected (control group). At zero time (before infection), the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th and 14th weeks post-infection (WPI), blood and serum samples were collected via puncture of retro-orbital plexus of veins from each rat. Serum enzyme level (AST and AlT) and total protein were measured, and the serum protein profile was carried out using agarose gel electrophoresis. During the period of the experiment, serum AlT and AST activities and serum total globulins significantly increased while serum total proteins and albumin markedly decreased in the infected group. On the 14th WPI, the data of the electropherogram showed that globulin fractions (α1-, β- and γ-globulin) levels were significantly increased while α2-globulin was markedly decreased in the infected group. The molecular analysis confirmed the amplification of the ITS1, ITS2 and NDI genes of F. hepatica recovered from the infected liver of rats with amplicon sizes of 630, 510 and 560 bp, respectively. Sequencing of the amplified ITS gene resulted in the determination of 3 strains (PP108836, PP108837, and PP108838). Also, analysis of the ITS2 gene resulted in obtaining 3 isolates under the accession numbers (PP109065, PP109066, and PP109067). In conclusion, fasciolosis in the rat model is suitable for routine experimental infections and caused a pronounced liver dysfunction with discharging of the Fasciola eggs in the faeces and the development of adult stages in the bile ducts. Furthermore, molecular techniques are a sensitive

关键词： Fasciola hepatica liver Functions Serum Enzymes Serum Protein Electrophoresis molecular Characterization

Humoral Response and Tolerance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Adults Senegalese Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A multicenter Prospective Study

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第1期14卷 70-80页

作者： lot Nehemie motoula latou moustapha mbow modou Ndongo Gnagna Faye Gora lo Sidy mohamed Seck Department of Nephrology and Dialysis Military Hospital of Ouakam Dakar Senegal Immunology laboratory Military Hospital of Ouakam Dakar Senegal Department of Nephrology and Dialysis Regional Hospital of Kedougou Kedougou Senegal Department of Nephrology Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Dakar Senegal Bacterioloy and Virology laboratory CMIA Dakar Senegal IRl-3189 ESS/UGB/CNRS/UCAD/CNRST/USTB Faculty of Health Sciences University Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal

Introduction: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination has been proposed in several countries as the main preventive measure despite very limited data, particularly in dialysis patients. We conducted this study to assess the immunological response to vaccination in Senegalese hemodialysis patients. Patients and methods: We conducted a prospective study, in two dialysis centers in Dakar from march 30th to August 30th, 2021 including patients on hemodialysis for >6 months, vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 according to the vaccination schedule recommended by WHO. A vaccine response was considered positive when seroconversion was observed after one dose of vaccine. The clinical efficacy of immunization was defined as the absence of new COVID-19 infection in patients who received a complete vaccination. Results: Among the 81 patients included in the study, 7.4% had anti-Spike Igm antibodies before their first vaccination. Seroprevalence of Igm antibodies was 38.3% one month after the first vaccine dose (at m1) and 8.6% one month after the second dose (at m4). Anti-Spike IgG antibodies were present in 40.3% of patients before vaccination, in 90.1% at m1, and in 59.7% at m4. Among patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, 10.2% had Igm antibodies at m0, 31.6% at m1, and 10.5% at m4 post-vaccination. Similarly, seroprevalences of IgG antibodies in this subgroup were 31.5%, 61.3%, and 50.0% respectively at m0, m1, and m4 post-vaccination. A comparison of seroconversion rates between m0 and m4 showed significant differences only for IgG in COVID-19 naive patients. mean duration in dialysis and the existence of previous COVID-19 infection were associated with patients’ vaccinal response after the two doses. Age, gender and the use of immunosuppressive treatment did not influence post-vaccinal antibody production. Conclusion: Vaccination against COVID-19 in Senegalese hemodialysis patients induced a low seroconversion rate but it was well tolerated. m

关键词： SARS-Cov2 Vaccination Humoral Response Tolerance Hemodialysis Senegal

CT血管成像与冠状动脉钙化评分相结合改善冠状动脉疾病诊断：一项对接受有创冠状动脉成像的稳定型胸痛病人的协同meta分析

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国际医学放射学杂志 2024年第3期 379-379页

作者： m.mohamed m.Bosserdt V.Wieske1 B.Dubourg H.Alkadhi m.J.Garciaet 孔令红

摘要目的对于稳定型胸痛病人阻塞性冠状动脉疾病（CAD），冠状动脉CT血管成像（CCTA）的诊断准确性高于冠状动脉钙化（CAC）评分，而联合CCTA与CAC的附加诊断价

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