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low crude protein formulation with supplemental amino acids for its impacts on intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1590-1606页

作者： marcos Elias Duarte Wanpuech Parnsen Shihai Zhang marvio l.T.Abreu Sung Woo Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Background low crude protein(CP)formulations with supplemental amino acids(AA)are used to enhance intestinal health,reduce costs,minimize environmental impact,and maintain growth performance of ***,extensive reduction of dietary CP can compromise growth performance due to limited synthesis of non-essential AA and limited availability of bioactive compounds from protein supplements even when AA requirements are ***,implementing a low CP formulation can increase the net energy(NE)content in feeds causing excessive fat *** supplementation of functional AA,coupled with low CP formulation could further enhance intestinal health and glucose metabolism,improving nitrogen utilization,and growth *** experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of low CP formulations with supplemental AA on the intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing *** In Exp.1,90 pigs(19.7±1.1 kg,45 barrows and 45 gilts)were assigned to 3 treatments:CON(18.0%CP,supplementing lys,met,and Thr),lCP(16.0%CP,supplementing lys,met,Thr,Trp,and Val),and lCPT(16.1%CP,lCP+0.05%SID Trp).In Exp.2,72 pigs(34.2±4.2 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treatments:CON(17.7%CP,meeting the requirements of lys,met,Thr,and Trp);lCP(15.0%CP,meeting lys,Thr,Trp,met,Val,Ile,and Phe);and VlCP(12.8%CP,meeting lys,Thr,Trp,met,Val,Ile,Phe,His,and leu).In Exp.3,72 pigs(54.1±5.9 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treatments and fed experimental diets for 3 phases(grower 2,finishing 1,and finishing 2).Treatments were CON(18.0%,13.8%,12.7%CP for 3 phases;meeting lys,met,Thr,and Trp);lCP(13.5%,11.4%,10.4%CP for 3 phases;meeting lys,Thr,Trp,met,Val,Ile,and Phe);and lCPG(14.1%,12.8%,11.1%CP for 3 phases;lCP+Glu to match SID Glu with CON).All diets had 2.6 mcal/kg *** In Exp.1,overall,the growth performance did not differ among *** lCPT increased(Plaudin-1 expression in the duodenum and *** lCP and lCPT increased(P<0.05)CAT-1,4F2hc,and B0AT exp

关键词： Amino acids Growing-finishing pigs Growth performance Intestinal health low crude protein formulation Net energy

Cognition on oxidation behavior of Ni-based superalloy GH4742 when exposed to water vapor

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 15-22页

作者： H.Xu S.F.Yang E.H.Wang C.Y.Guo Y.S.liu X.m.Hou Y.l.Zhang State Key laboratory of Advanced metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute for Carbon Neutrality University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The oxidation behavior of Ni-based superalloy GH4742 exposed to water vapor was investigated at 900-1100℃for 50 h in Ar+20%H_(2)O,with Ar+20%O_(2)included for *** presence of H_(2)O is adverse to formation of continuous Cr_(2)O_(3)oxide layer but contributes to generation of big *** on this,Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)are more easily to diffuse towards the outermost oxide layer(OOl),forming non-protective Ni-and Co-rich oxides with high *** leads to a higher weight gain in Ar+20%H_(2)O than that in Ar+20%O_(2).At elevated temperatures,the spallation of oxide scale occurs while the consumption of Cr is reduced in Ar+20%H_(2)O,and the contents of Ni-and Co-rich oxides at this moment are reduced in the *** oxidation mechanism was also discussed.

关键词： GH4742 Superalloy H_(2)O Diffusion Oxidation mechanism

Discovery of new mAX-phase-like layered ternary carbide V_(8)P_(6)C:Crystal structure,thermal expansion,and elastic properties

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 55-62页

作者： H.X.Chen l.Sheng Z.l.Zhang X.C.Wen D.l.Yang X.Y.Ye P.Q.Dai School of materials Science and Engineering Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou 350118China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Advanced materials Processing and Application Fuzhou 350118China State Key laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China

Due to the laminated structure,mAX phases and mAX-phase-like compounds possess outstanding dam-age tolerance capability with good thermal/electrical conductivity and other charming functional prop-erties,showing a bright future for structural-functional ***,a new mAX-phase-like ternary car-bide V_(8)P_(6)C with layered characteristics was *** to the alternate stacking of hexagonal-arranged m/A/X atom layers in mAX phases,V_(8)P_(6)C has a layered structure formed by a repeated stacking of the slabs consisting of V_(6)C-octahedrons and VP 6-distorted-octahedrons in three-atomic layers *** thermal expansion anisotropy was revealed,with the thermal expansion coefficients(TECs)along a-axis,c-axis,and the average value,equal toα_(a)=8.55(5)μK^(−1),α_(c)=10.23(5)μK^(−1),andα_(l)=9.14(5)μK^(−1),*** dilation along the c-axis was mainly dominated by out-plane V-P bonds be-tween layered *** to the pressure-dependent lattice parameters,the polycrystalline bulk modulus(B_(0)=185(9)GPa)and high compressibility anisotropy factor(B_(a)/B_(c)=1.64)was ***-while,the second-order elastic constants were calculated,and the elastic moduli,E=303 GPa,B=198 GPa,G=122 GPa,andν=0.246,were *** the weak connection between layer slabs by out-plane V1-P bond was revealed by the bond stiffness model,with a bond stiffness close to the m-A bond in mAX ***,good damage tolerance capability was predicted according to Paugh’s ratio(G/B=0.616)and Cauchy pressure(P_(a)=0 GPa,P_(c)=-7.5 GPa),even better than those of typical mAX *** discovery of V_(8)P_(6)C provides a new member of mAX-phase-like damage-tolerant ceramic with relatively low density,moderate thermal expansion,and anisotropic compressibility,and the unique lay-ered structure is inspiring for exploring new layered ternary ceramics.

关键词： New ternary carbide mAX phase Thermal expansion Elastic constants Anisotropy

Distributed swarm control for multi-robot systems inspired by shepherding behaviors

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2191-2202页

作者： SUN GuiBin GU HaiBo lÜJinHu School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Zhongguancun laboratory Beijing 100094China

Swarming behaviors play an eminent role in both biological and engineering research, and show great potential applications in many emerging fields. Traditional swarming models still lack integrity, uniformity, and stability in swarm forming processes,resulting in fragmentation and void phenomena. Inspired by the shepherding behaviors observed in nature, we propose an integrated negotiation-control scheme for distributed swarm control of massive robots. The core idea of this scheme is that the robots at the boundary of the group herd the internal robots to form an equilibrium swarm. For this purpose, we introduce a concept of virtual group center towards which boundary robots herd internal robots. Then, a distributed negotiation mechanism is designed to allow each robot to negotiate the virtual group center only through local interactions with its neighbors. After that, we propose a shepherding-inspired swarm control law to drive a group of robots to form an integrated, uniform, and stable configuration from any initial states. Both numerical and flight simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of our proposed swarm control scheme.

关键词： swarm control multi-robot system negotiation-control scheme shepherding behavior

Recent Advances in Catalytic Carbonylation Reactions in Alternative Reaction media

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 406-429页

作者： Csaba Árvai lászló T.mika Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and BiotechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3H-1111 BudapestHungary

Since the discovery of the hydroformylation(oxo-synthesis or Roelen reaction)and the Reppe-reaction,the transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions,providing versatile,facile,and even atom-economic methods for the selective incorporation of C=O functionality to various skeletons,have gained tremendous importance in synthetic organic chemistry from laboratories to industrial *** carbonylation of carbon-carbon multiple bonds,aromatic halides,triflates,etc.,in the presence of various nucleophiles has led the way to produce aldehydes,carboxylic acids,esters,amides,etc.,in the fine chemical ***,these protocols usually proceed in conventional,fossil-based,and usually toxic reaction ***,several attempts have been directed to developing efficient carbonylation methods in alternative,less harmful,non-fossil-based and even in renewable reaction *** this review,we overview the recent applications of alternative solvents such as water,biomass-based alcohols,γ-valerolactone(GVl),2-methyltetrahydrofuran(2-meTHF),ionic liquids(Ils),deep eutectic solvents(DES),alkyl levulinates,limonene,α-pinene,and dimethyl carbonate as well as fluorous media to improve efficiency,safety and environmentally benign nature of carbonylation protocols.

关键词： Carbonylation Catalysis Solvents Green chemistry Carbon monoxide Transition metals Homogeneous catalysis Palladium

Stability and performance analysis of the compressed Kalman filter algorithm for sparse stochastic systems

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 380-394页

作者： lI RongJiang GAN Die XIE SiYu lüJinHu Key laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Zhongguancun laboratory Beijing 100049China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

This paper considers the problem of estimating unknown sparse time-varying signals for stochastic dynamic *** deal with the challenges of extensive sparsity,we resort to the compressed sensing method and propose a compressed Kalman filter(KF)*** algorithm first compresses the original high-dimensional sparse regression vector via the sensing matrix and then obtains a KF estimate in the compressed low-dimensional ***,the original high-dimensional sparse signals can be well recovered by a reconstruction *** ensure stability and establish upper bounds on the estimation errors,we introduce a compressed excitation condition without imposing independence or stationarity on the system signal,and therefore suitable for feedback *** further present the performance of the compressed KF ***,we show that the mean square compressed tracking error matrix can be approximately calculated by a linear deterministic difference matrix equation,which can be readily evaluated,analyzed,and ***,a numerical example demonstrates that our algorithm outperforms the standard uncompressed KF algorithm and other compressed algorithms for estimating high-dimensional sparse signals.

关键词： sparse signal compressed sensing Kalman filter algorithm compressed excitation condition stochastic stability tracking performance

Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： matthew D.Geiger Anne m.lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen l.Christopher Richard S.Davidson michael J.Taravella Naresh mandava Jennifer l.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIm:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

Four late-type Galaxies with Double Radio lobes and Properties of Such Galaxies

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 84-90页

作者： Z.S.Yuan X.Y.Gao Z.l.Wen J.l.Han National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Key laboratory of FAST National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The triggering mechanism for radio lobes from late-type galaxies is not fully *** samples are desired for a thorough investigation and *** utilizing the optical data from the newly released Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument imaging surveys and the radio sources from the NRAO VlA Sky Survey and the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeter,we identify four late-type Galaxies with double Radio lobes(la GRls):J0217-3645,J0947+6220,J1412+3723 and J1736+*** previously known la GRls,we confirm the correlation between radio power P_(1.4GHz)and stellar mass m_(*)of host ***(25/35)la GRls belong to the blue cloud galaxies,while the newly identified cases in this work are located within the region of the red *** find a clear correlation between the differential radio power,i.e.,the offset from the P_(1.4GHz)-m_(*)relation,and the galaxy color,indicating that bluer galaxies at a fixed m_(*)tend to host more powerful radio ***,the majority(31/36)of la GRls are either located in a galaxy group or displaying a disturbed *** suggest that all of the galaxy mass,color and surrounding environment could play important roles in triggering radio lobes in late-type galaxies.

关键词： galaxies:active galaxies:jets galaxies:spiral radio continuum:galaxies

Solid-liquid extraction for yttrium recovery using porous polymeric resin(XAD-7) functionalized with D_(2)EHPA

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1764-1773,I0005页

作者： P.A.martínez-montoya R.G.Sanchez-Alvarado D.Y.medina-Velazquez m.l.Carrera-Jota P.Garnica-Chávez A.de J.morales-Ramirez Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries ESIQIEIPNDepartment of Metallurgical EngineeringUPALM S/NCol.LindavistaGustavo A.Madero Cd.de MéxicoC.P07738Mexico metropolitan Autonomous University Department of MaterialsBasic Sciences and EngineeringAv.San Pablo No.180Col.Reynosa TamaulipasCd.de MéxicoC.P02200Mexico Center for Research and Technological Innovation CIITECIPNCda.de CECATIs/nSanta CatarinaAzcapotzalcoC.P02250CDMXMexico

The recovery of yttrium is proposed by applying a solid-liquid extraction process using di-2-ethyl hexylphosphoric acid(D2EHPA) as extracting *** extracting agents were supported on a macro porous polymeric resin XAD-7(solid phase).Yttrium ions extraction and discharge tests were performed,firstly from a synthetic aqueous solution of 100 mg/l Y(liquid phase) at 25℃ with *** effects of pH of aqueous solutions bearing yttrium,volume fraction of extracting agents and the solid/liquid(S/l)ratio on the yttrium recovery were *** most favorable conditions for yttrium ions extraction are;20 vol% D_(2)EHPA functionalized resin,pH=1.5 and an S/l ratio of 10 mg/ml The discharge of yttrium ions was done under the same conditions of extraction stage,using a 2 mol/l [H_(2)SO_(4)] as stripping *** to 80% yttrium is extracted,while 75% yttrium is recovered in the striping *** all experiments,the reaction equilibrium is reached after 20 min,and the kinetics for the extraction stage was determined as a second-order ***,experiments were carried out to discharge the yttriumloaded resins,and it has been determined that the best pH value to strip the Y ions is *** tests of extraction and discharge for yttrium ions show that the functionalized resin can work at least five cycles without decreasing its ***,the proposed process was tested in a real solution with Y ions fro m a waste fluorescent la mp powder leached in H_(2)SO_(4),demonstrating the ability to effectively recover yttrium,separating it from various metals from the studied residue.

关键词： Yttrium recovery Rare earth solid-liquid extraction XAD-7 resin Fluorescent lamps recycling Solid-liquid kinetics extraction