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Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels prior to prostatectomy are not related to long-term oncologic or cardiovascular outcomes for men with prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第1期24卷 21-25页

作者： Kassim Kourbanhoussen France-Hélène Joncas Christopher JD Wallis Hélène Hovington Francois Dagenais Yves Fradet Chantal Guillemette louis lacombe Paul Toren Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversitéLavalCHU de Québec Research CenterOncology DivisionQuebec City G1R3S1Canada Department of Urology Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232USA Institut Universitaire Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec Quebec City G1V 4G5Canada Faculty of Pharmacy UniversitéLavalCHU de Québec Research CenterQuebec City G1V 4G2Canada

Prior research suggests a link between circulating levels of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and prostate cancer *** levels may also explain some of the observed differences in cardiovascular events among men treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)antagonists compared to GnRH *** study evaluates the association between preoperative FSH and long-term cardiovascular and oncologic outcomes in a cohort of men with long follow-up after radical *** performed a cohort study utilizing an institutional biobank with annotated clinical *** levels were measured from cryopreserved plasma and compared with sex steroids previously measured from the same *** in oncologic outcomes between tertiles of FSH levels were compared using adjusted cox regression *** adverse cardiovascular events(mACE)were similarly assessed using hospital admission diagnostic codes.A total of 492 patients were included,with a median follow-up of 13.1(interquartile range:8.9–15.9)*** sulfate(DHEA-S)levels,but not other androgens,negatively correlated with FSH levels on linear regression analysis(P=0.03).There was no association between FSH tertile and outcomes of biochemical recurrence,time to castrate-resistant prostate cancer,or time to *** were identified in 50 patients(10.2%),with a mean time to first event of 8.8 *** association with FSH tertile and occurrence of mACE was *** results do not suggest that preoperative FSH levels are significantly associated with oncologic outcomes among prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy,nor do these levels appear to be predictors of long-term cardiovascular risk.

关键词： cardiovascular events follicle-stimulating hormone prostate cancer recurrence

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The value does not exist!A motivation for extremal analysis

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2022年第3期7卷 195-214页

作者： Jean-Pierre Aubin Hélène Frankowska Retired 14Rue Domat75005 ParisFrance CNRS IMJ-PRGSorbonne Université4Place Jussieu75252 ParisFrance

Standard mathematical economics studies the production,exchange,and consumption of goods“provided with units of measurement,”as in physics,in order to be enumerated,quantified,added,***,“baskets of goods,”which should describe subsets of goods,are mathematically represented as commodity vectors of a vector space,linear combination of units of goods,evaluated by prices,which are linear numerical ***,in this sense,mathematical economics is a branch of ***,economics,and many other domains of life sciences,investigate also what will be called entities,defining elements deprived of units of measure,which thus cannot be enumerated.(1)Denoting by X the set of entities x∈X deprived of units of measurement,a“basket of goods”is actually a subset K■X of the set entities,i.e.,an element of the“hyperset”P(X),the family of subsets of X,and no longer a commodity vector of the vector space of commodities;(2)Entities can be“gathered”instead of being“added”;(3)Entities can still be evaluated by a family of functions A:x 2 X 7!A(x)2 Rregarded as a“valuators,”in lieu and place of linear“prices”evaluating the units of economic goods.(4)Subsets of entities can be evaluated by an“interval of values”between two extremal ones,the minimum and the maximum,instead of the sum of values of units of goods weighted by their *** sciences dealing with intertwined relations among many combinations of entities,hypersets offer metaphors of“lamarckian complexity”that keeps us away from binary relations,graphs of functions,and set-valued maps,to focus our attention on“multinary relations”between families of *** deprived of units of measurement,these“proletarian”entities still enjoy enough properties for this pauperization to be mathematically *** is the object of this extremal manifesto:in economics and other domains of life sciences,vector spaces should yield their imperial status of“state space”to hypersets and linear prices to hy

关键词： Valuators Extremal topologies Transfer of topologies Confined sets Extremal evolution Inert relation Viability kernel Regulator

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Establishing a blueprint for successful liver transplantation for alcohol-related cirrhosis:the importance of a multidisciplinary team

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第1期11卷 150-152页

作者： JoséUrsic-Bedoya Hélène Donnadieu-Rigole Department of Hepatogastroenterology Hepatology and Liver Transplantation UnitSaint Eloi HospitalUniversity of MontpellierMontpellierFrance Department of Addictology Saint Eloi HospitalUniversity of MontpellierMontpellierFrance

liver transplantation(lT)for alcohol-related liver disease(AlD)has come a long way since the implementation of lT as a standard *** considered a contra-indication due to poor outcomes and moral issues(1,2),it is nowadays the most common indication for lT in Western countries(3,4).Patient and graft survival in this setting are excellent(5).However,relapse rates remain high(6),which jeopardizes long-term survival and the acceptance of the transplant team for these *** evaluation of the suitability to a lT for a potential candidate is therefore *** length of sobriety,namely over six months,has longtime been considered as the condition sine qua ***“6-month rule”is insufficient to predict the risk of relapse and is progressively being abandoned by learned societies recommendations(7,8).moreover,situations in which a recent alcohol consumption is obvious,such as alcoholic hepatitis or positive blood and/or urine test before the procedure,are associated with good outcomes(9-11).

关键词： alcohol liver urine

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Two intestinal microbiota-derived metabolites, deoxycholic acid and butyrate, synergize to enhance host defense peptide synthesis and alleviate necrotic enteritis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1158-1172页

作者： Dohyung m.Kim Jing liu melanie A.Whitmore Isabel Tobin Zijun Zhao Guolong Zhang Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA

Background necrotic enteritis(ne)is a major enteric disease in poultry,yet effective mitigation strategies remain *** acid(DCA)and butyrate,two major metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota,have independently been shown to induce host defense peptide(HDP)***,the potential synergy between these two compounds remains *** To investigate the possible synergistic effect between DCA and butyrate in regulating HDP synthesis and barrier function,we treated chicken HD11 macrophage cells and jejunal explants with DCA and sodium butyrate(NaB),either individually or in combination,for 24 ***,we performed RNA isolation and reverse transcrip-tion-quantitative PCR to analyze HDP genes as well as the major genes associated with barrier *** further determine the synergy between DCA and NaB in enhancing ne resistance,we conducted two independent trials with Cobb broiler *** each trial,the diet was supplemented with DCA or NaB on the day-of-hatch,followed by ne induction through sequential challenges with Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens on d 10 and 14,*** recorded animal mortality after infection and assessed intestinal lesions on d *** impact of DCA and NaB on the microbiota in the ileum and cecum was evaluated through bacterial 16S rRNA gene *** We found that the combination of DCA and NaB synergistically induced multiple HDP genes in both chicken HD11 cells and jejunal ***,the gene for claudin-1,a major tight junction protein,also exhibited synergistic induction in response to DCA and ***,dietary supplementation with a combination of 0.75 g/kg DCA and 1 g/kg NaB led to a significant improvement in animal survival and a reduction in intestinal lesions compared to either compound alone in a chicken model of ***,the cecal microbiota of ne-infected chickens showed a marked decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria such as Bacteroides,F

关键词： Bile acids Host defense peptides metabolites microbiome necrotic enteritis Short-chain fatty acids

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Predicting disruptions to drug pharmacokinetics and the risk of adverse drug reactions in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第1期13卷 1-28页

作者： Solène marie Kayla l.Frost Raymond K.Hau lucy martinez-Guerrero Jailyn m.Izu Cassandra m.myers Stephen H.Wright Nathan J.Cherrington College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacology&ToxicologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA College of medicine Department of PhysiologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

The liver plays a central role in the pharmacokinetics of drugs through drug metabolizing enzymes and ***-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)causes disease-specific alterations to the absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion(ADmE)processes,including a decrease in protein expression of basolateral uptake transporters,an increase in efflux transporters,and modifications to enzyme *** can result in increased drug exposure and adverse drug reactions(ADRs).Our goal was to predict drugs that pose increased risks for ADRs in NASH *** research identified 71 drugs with reported ADRs in patients with liver disease,mainly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD),54 of which are known substrates of transporters and/or metabolizing *** NASH is the progressive form of NAFlD but is most frequently undiagnosed,we identified other drugs at risk based on NASH-specific alterations to ADmE ***,we present another list of 71 drugs at risk of pharmacokinetic disruption in NASH,based on their transport and/or metabolism *** encompasses drugs from various pharmacological classes for which ADRs may occur when used in NASH patients,especially when eliminated through multiple pathways altered by the ***,these results may inform clinicians regarding the selection of drugs for use in NASH patients.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Hepatic elimination Transporter Enzyme Pharmacokinetics Drug-drug interaction liver Adverse drug reaction

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mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms in gastroenteropancreatic tract

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1166-1179页

作者： Sebastián Díaz-lópez Jerónimo Jiménez-Castro Carlos Enrique Robles-Barraza Carlos Ayala-de miguel manuel Chaves-Conde medical Oncology Department Hospital Universitario ValmeSeville 41014AndalucíaSpain

mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms(mineNs)are a hetero-geneous group of malignant neoplasms that can settle in the gastroenteropan-creatic *** are composed of a neuroendocrine(ne)and a non-ne compo-nent in at least 30%of each *** non-ne component can include different histological combinations of glandular,squamous,mucinous and sarcomatoid phenotypes,and one or both of the components can be low-or high grade *** changes in the nomenclature of these neoplasms might lead to great deal of confusion,and the lack of specific clinical trials is the main reason why their management is *** review aims to clarify the definition of mineN and analyze available evidence about their diagnosis and treatment options according to their location and extension through careful analysis of the available *** would be important to reach a general consensus on their diagnosis in order to construct a classification that remains stable over time and facilitates the design of clinical trials that,due to their low incidence,will require long recruitment periods.

关键词： mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas mixed tumours Gastroenteropancreatic Treatment Etiology Diagnosis

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Combining two-photon lithography with laser ablation of sacrificial layers:A route to isolated 3D magnetic nanostructures

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1441-1447页

作者： Arjen van den Berg mylène Caruel matthew Hunt Sam ladak School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK Institut National des Sciences Appliquées(INSA)of Toulouse 35 Avenue de Rangueil31400 ToulouseFrance

Three-dimensional(3D)nanostructured functional materials are important systems allowing new means for intricate control of electromagnetic properties.A key problem is realising a 3D printing methodology on the nanoscale that can yield a range of functional *** this article,it is shown that two-photon lithography,when combined with laser ablation of sacrificial layers,can be used to realise such a vision and produce 3D functional nanomaterials of complex ***-of-principle is first shown by fabricating planar magnetic nanowires raised above the substrate that exhibit controlled domain wall injection and ***,3D artificial spin-ice(3DASI)structures are fabricated,whose complex switching can be probed using optical *** show that by careful analysis of the magneto-optical Kerr effect signal and by comparison with micromagnetic simulations,depth dependent switching information can be obtained from the 3DASI *** work paves the way for new materials,which exploit additional physics provided by non-trivial 3D geometries.

关键词： three-dimensional(3D)nanomagnetism 3D lithography 3D artificial spin ice sacrificial layers magneto-optical Kerr effect

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A chip-scale second-harmonic source via self-injection-locked all-optical poling

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light(Science & Applications) 2023年第12期12卷 2778-2787页

作者： marco Clementi Edgars Nitiss Junqiu liu Elena Durán-Valdeiglesias Sofiane Belahsene Hélène Debrégeas Tobias JKippenberg Camille-Sophie Brès Photonic Systems laboratory(PHOSl) École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland laboratory of Photonics and Quantum measurements(lPQm) École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland Almae Technologies Route de Nozay91460 MarcoussisFrance

Second-harmonic generation allows for coherently bridging distant regions of the optical spectrum,with applications ranging from laser technology to self-referencing of frequency ***,accessing the nonlinear response of a medium typically requires high-power bulk sources,specific nonlinear crystals,and complex optical setups,hindering the path toward large-scale *** we address all of these issues by engineering a chip-scale second-harmonic(SH)source based on the frequency doubling of a semiconductor laser self-injection-locked to a silicon nitride *** injection-locking mechanism,combined with a high-Q microresonator,results in an ultra-narrow intrinsic linewidth at the fundamental harmonic frequency as small as 41 *** to the extreme resonant field enhancement,quasi-phase-matched second-order nonlinearity is photoinduced through the coherent photogalvanic effect and the high coherence is mapped on the generated SH *** show how such optical poling technique can be engineered to provide efficient SH generation across the whole C and l telecom bands,in a reconfigurable fashion,overcoming the need for poling *** device operates with milliwatt-level pumping and outputs SH power exceeding 2 mW,for an efficiency as high as 280%/W under electrical *** findings suggest that standalone,highly-coherent,and efficient SH sources can be integrated in current silicon nitride photonics,unlocking the potential of x(2)processes in the next generation of integrated photonic devices.

关键词： resonator harmonic injection

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Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 33-35页

作者： Ke-Qing Xiao Chao liang Zimeng Wang Jingjing Peng Yao Zhao ming Zhang mingyu Zhao Shuiqing Chen Yong-Guan Zhu Caroline l.Peacock State Key lab of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University State Key laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences State Key laboratory of Agricultural microbiology College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University Key laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds

microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE)is defined as the proportion of microbial biomass growth C versus substrate C uptake, and thus provides a useful measure of microbially driven accumulation and loss of soil organic carbon (SOC)[1]. In a recent study published in Nature [2],the authors used a data-driven machinelearning approach to conclude that CUE promotes global SOC storage based on a positive correlation between CUE and SOC content and that, based on sensitivity analysis, CUE is at least four times as important as six other evaluated factors,namely plant C inputs, C input allocation, non-microbial C transfer, substrate decomposability, environmental modifications and vertical transport.

关键词： SOIl-CARBON ORGANIC-mATTER

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Why are children and many adults not affected by COVID-19? Role of the host immune response

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Infectious Diseases Research 2022年第3期3卷 29-40页

作者： Hélène Banoun Pharmacist biologist Former Inserm researcherMember of the Independent Scientific CouncilMarseille 13000France.

Children are less susceptible to COVID-19 than adults:they often have asymptomatic and very rarely severe *** protection is valid for all variants of the *** aim here is to compare the immune response of children with that of adults,asymptomatic adults or those with mild disease with those who develop severe *** protective factors for children have been mentioned but some of them do not seem to be ***,there is no clear difference in the quantity of virus receptors(angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),transmembrane serine protease 2(TmPRSS2))present according to age that could explain a lesser entry of the virus into the cells of the nose,oropharynx and lungs of *** fact,children and adults generally have similar viral loads and respiratory tract *** adults,like children,have antibodies(and T cells)that cross-react with human coronavirus(HCoVs)and respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),but this humoral reactivity does not correlate with disease severity in adults;the difference appears to be more qualitative(Igm and anti-S in children and IgG and IgA and anti-N in adults)than quantitative,and mildly affected adults have some of the characteristics of the cross-reactivities of *** the cellular level,the difference between children and adults lies more in the naivety of the T cells *** amount of salivary and mucosal IgA is negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with the absence of Covid infection:these IgAs are different and more effective than serum *** COVID-19 is characterized by hyperinflammation following invasion of the lower respiratory tract when the virus has not been cleared from the upper respiratory tract by innate *** is associated with an alteration of the immune system,often with a chronic hyperinflammatory state:deficient innate immunity combined with age-related dysregulation of adaptive immunity could cause severe *** innate cell

关键词： COVID-19 outcome children immune response inflamm-aging ACE2 cross-immunity

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