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Insights into adsorbent tortuosity across aqueous adsorption systems

Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 71-88页

作者： Ackmez mudhoo marta Otero Khim Hoong chu Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MauritiusRéduit 80837Mauritius Department of Applied Chemistry and Physics Universidad de LeónCampus de Vegazana 24071 LeónSpain Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

Pore network,pore connectivity,and the resulting effective adsorbate pore diffusivity within an adsorbent are critical physical considerations in mass transport modeling of aqueous *** to these three adsorbent features are the adsorbent tortuosity and tortuosity factor *** concepts encompass the collective hindrance to intra-adsorbent adsorbate transport arising because of a disorderly adsorbent porous *** is crucial for materials scientists,chemists,chemical engineers,and water treatment specialists to understand the complex and variable connections among adsorbate chemistry,adsorbent chemistry,adsorbent porosity,pore shape,size,and tortuosity,pore wall effect,adsorbate-adsorbent interactions,and adsorbate-adsorbate interactions in competitively contaminated aqueous *** tortuosity has been sporadically studied in aqueous adsorption *** the small population of these studies,insightful observations and inferences have been ***,as it appears,no review has been published to compile,compare,and contrast these ***,this review concisely brings up those observations and interpretations around adsorbent tortuosity for aqueous adsorption *** notion of an adsorbent's tortuosity being single-valued is argued to be ***,perspectives are aired on possible research and development directions for elucidating the dynamic attributes of adsorbent tortuosity and applying them in real-scale adsorption-oriented water *** data acquired by filling in these research gaps can enable the design of adsorbents more adapted for real-scale water purification.

关键词： Adsorbent Tortuosity Porosity Pore diffusion models Aqueous systems

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Channel Estimation for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided multiuser millimeter-Wave/THz Systems

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 91-103页

作者： chu Hongyun Pan Xue li Baijiang School of Communications and Information Engineering Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121China

It is assumed that reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)is a key technology to enable the potential of mmWave *** passivity of the RIS makes channel estimation difficult because the channel can only be measured at the transceiver and not at the *** this paper,we propose a novel separate channel estimator via exploiting the cascaded sparsity in the continuously valued angular domain of the cascaded channel for the RIS-enabled millimeter-wave/Tera-Hz systems,i.e.,the two-stage estimation method where the cascaded channel is separated into the base station(BS)-RIS and the RIS-user(UE)***,we first reveal the cascaded sparsity,i.e.,the sparsity exists in the hybrid angular domains of BS-RIS and the RIS-UEs separated channels,to construct the specific sparsity structure for RIS enabled multi-user ***,we formulate the channel estimation problem using atomic norm minimization(ANm)to enhance the proposed sparsity structure in the continuous angular domains,where a low-complexity channel estimator via Alternating Direction method of multipliers(ADmm)is *** findings demonstrate that the proposed channel estimator outperforms the current state-of-the-arts in terms of performance.

关键词： atomic norm minimization cascaded channel estimation convex optimization mmWave/THz reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS) sparsity

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Resource Allocation to minimize the makespan with multi-Resource Operations

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 2054-2070页

作者： WENG Wuyan chu Chengbin WU Peng School of Economics and management Fuzhou University Univ Gustave Eiffel ESIEE Paris&COSYS-GRETTIA

This paper investigates a new resource-allocation problem involving multi-resource operations, where completing an operation requires simultaneous use of multiple(renewable) resources,probably of different types. The goal of the study is to provide a solution method that minimizes the makespan. The authors formulate the problem into a novel mixed-integer linear program(mIlP)model. To efficiently solve practical-sized instances, an exact Benders decomposition algorithm is developed. This algorithm divides the original problem into a master problem of allocating resources and a subproblem of calculating the makespan, and both are linked via Benders cuts. The convergence is sped up by improving the mathematical model and embedding the variable neighborhood search algorithm. Compared with CPlEX, a commonly used mIlP solver, the computational results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides tighter upper and lower bounds in most instances. In particular,compared with CPlEX, the proposed method can on average improve the upper and lower bounds by 4.76% and 4.39%, respectively, in solving practical-sized instances.

关键词： Benders decomposition multi-resources operations resource allocation

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Differentially private SGD with random features

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Applied mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第1期39卷 1-23页

作者： WANG Yi-guang GUO Zheng-chu Polytechnic Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310015China School of mathematical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

In the realm of large-scale machine learning,it is crucial to explore methods for reducing computational complexity and memory demands while maintaining generalization ***,since the collected data may contain some sensitive information,it is also of great significance to study privacy-preserving machine learning *** paper focuses on the performance of the differentially private stochastic gradient descent(SGD)algorithm based on random *** begin,the algorithm maps the original data into a lowdimensional space,thereby avoiding the traditional kernel method for large-scale data storage ***,the algorithm iteratively optimizes parameters using the stochastic gradient descent ***,the output perturbation mechanism is employed to introduce random noise,ensuring algorithmic *** prove that the proposed algorithm satisfies the differential privacy while achieving fast convergence rates under some mild conditions.

关键词： learning theory differential privacy stochastic gradient descent random features reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces

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Boron nitride silicone rubber composite foam with low dielectric and high thermal conductivity

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 224-230页

作者： Shuilai Qiu Hang Wu Fukai chu lei Song College of Safety and Ocean Engineering China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China State Key laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Silicone rubber(SR)is widely used in the field of electronic packaging because of its low dielectric *** this work,the porosity of the SR was improved,and the dielectric constant of the SR foam was reduced by adding expanded microspheres(Em).Then,the thermal conductivity of the system was improved by combining the modified boron nitride(f-BN).The results showed that after the f-BN was added,the dielectric constant and dielectric loss were much lower than those of pure ***-sized modified boron nitride(f-mBN)improved the dielectric and thermal conductivity of the SR foam better than that of nano-sized modified boron nitride(f-nBN),but f-nBN improved the volume resistivity,tensile strength,and thermal stability of the SR better than *** the mass ratio of f-mBN and fnBN is 2:1,the thermal conductivity of the SR foam reaches the maximum value of 0.808 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),which is 6.5 times that before the *** heat release rate and fire growth index are the lowest,and the improvement in flame retardancy is mainly attributed to the high thermal stability and physical barrier of f-BN.

关键词： Foam Composites Dielectric properties Thermal conductivity mechanical properties Flame retardant

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Recent progress on nanomaterial-based electrochemical dissolved oxygen sensors

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 103-119页

作者： Shaoqi Zhang Tao liu Zhenyu chu Wanqin Jin State Key laboratory of materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

Dissolved oxygen(DO)usually refers to the amount of oxygen dissolved in *** the environment,medicine,and fermentation industries,the DO level needs to be accurate and capable of online monitoring to guide the precise control of water quality,clinical treatment,and microbial *** with other analytical methods,the electrochemical strategy is superior in its fast response,low cost,high sensitivity,and portable ***,an electrochemical DO sensor faces a trade-off between sensitivity and long-term stability,which strongly limits its practical *** solve this problem,various advanced nanomaterials have been proposed to promote detection performance owing to their excellent electrocatalysis,conductivity,and chemical ***,in this review,we focus on the recent progress of advanced nanomaterial-based electrochemical DO *** the comparison of the working principles on the main analysis techniques toward DO,the advantages of the electrochemical method are *** is placed on recently developed nanomaterials that exhibit special characteristics,including nanostructures and preparation routes,to benefit DO ***,we also introduce some interesting research on the configuration design of the electrode and device,which is rarely ***,the different requirements of the electrochemical DO sensors in different application fields are included to provide brief guidance on the selection of appropriate ***,the main challenges are evaluated to propose future development prospects and detection strategies for nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors.

关键词： Nanomaterial Dissolved oxygen Electrochemical sensor Nanostructures Detection principles

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Novel data-driven sparse polynomial chaos and analysis of covariance for aerodynamics of compressor cascades with dependent geometric uncertainties

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 89-108页

作者： Zhengtao GUO Wuli chu Haoguang ZHANG Tianyuan JI School of Power and Energy Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Polynomial Chaos Expansion(PCE)has gained significant popularity among engineers across various engineering disciplines for uncertainty ***,traditional PCE suffers from two major ***,the orthogonality of polynomial basis functions holds only for independent input variables,limiting the model’s ability to propagate uncertainty in dependent ***,PCE encounters the"curse of dimensionality"due to the high computational cost of training the model with numerous polynomial *** practical manufacturing,compressor blades are subject to machining precision limitations,leading to deviations from their ideal geometric *** deviations require a large number of geometric parameters to describe,and exhibit significant *** efficiently quantify the impact of high-dimensional dependent geometric deviations on the aerodynamic performance of compressor blades,this paper firstly introduces a novel approach called Data-driven Sparse PCE(DSPCE).The proposed method addresses the aforementioned challenges by employing a decorrelation algorithm to directly create multivariate basis functions,accommodating both independent and dependent random ***,the method utilizes an iterative Diffeomorphic modulation under Observable Response Preserving Homotopy regression algorithm to solve the unknown coefficients,achieving model sparsity while maintaining fitting ***,the study investigates the simultaneous effects of seven dependent geometric deviations on the aerodynamics of a high subsonic compressor cascade by using the DSPCE method proposed and sensitivity analysis of *** joint distribution of the dependent geometric deviations is determined using Quantile-Quantile plots and normal copula functions based on finite measurement *** results demonstrate that the correlations between geometric deviations significantly impact the variance of aerodynamic performance and the flow ***,

关键词： Data-driven sparse polyno-mial chaos Analysis of covariance Dependent uncertainty Aerodynamic performance Compressor cascade

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Disinfection Byproducts and Their Precursors in Drinking Water Sources:Origins,Influencing Factors,and Environmental Insights

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 36-50页

作者： Rong Xiao Yang Deng Zuxin Xu Wenhai chu State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China ministry of Education Key laboratory of the Yangtze River Water Environment Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Montclair State UniversityMontclairNJ 07043USA

Tracing the contamination origins in water sources and identifying the impacts of natural and human processes are essential for ecological safety and public ***,current analysis approaches are not ideal,as they tend to be laborious,time-consuming,or technically *** byproducts(DBPs)are a family of well-known secondary pollutants formed by the reactions of chemical disinfectants with DBP precursors during water disinfection *** DBP precursors have various origins(e.g.,natural,domestic,industrial,and agricultural sources),and since the formation of DBPs from different precursors in the presence of specific disinfectants is distinctive,we argue that DBPs and DBP precursors can serve as alternative indicators to assess the contamination in water sources and identify pollution *** providing a retrospective of the origins of DBPs and DBP precursors,as well as the specific formation patterns of DBPs from different precursors,this article presents an overview of the impacts of various natural and anthropogenic factors on DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water *** practice,the DBPs(i.e.,their concentration and speciation)originally present in source water and the DBP precursors determined using DBP formation potential tests—in which water samples are dosed with a stoichiometric excess of specific disinfectants in order to maximize DBP formation under certain reaction conditions—can be considered as alternative *** jointly used with other water quality parameters(e.g.,dissolved organic carbon,dissolved organic nitrogen,fluorescence,and molecular weight distribution)and specific contaminants of emerging concern(e.g.,certain pharmaceuticals and personal care products),DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water sources can provide a more comprehensive picture of water pollution for better managing water resources and ensuring human health.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Disinfection byproduct precursors Drinking water sources Contamination indicator Natural factors Human factors

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motion Planning for Autonomous Driving with Real Traffic Data Validation

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Chinese Journal of mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期37卷 74-86页

作者： Wenbo chu Kai Yang Shen li Xiaolin Tang Western China Science City Innovation Center of Intelligent and Connected Vehicle Chongqing 400044China College of mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Accurate trajectory prediction of surrounding road users is the fundamental input for motion planning,which enables safe autonomous driving on public *** this paper,a safe motion planning approach is proposed based on the deep learning-based trajectory prediction *** begin with,a trajectory prediction model is established based on the graph neural network(GNN)that is trained utilizing the INTERACTION ***,the validated trajectory prediction model is used to predict the future trajectories of surrounding road users,including pedestrians and *** addition,a GNN prediction model-enabled motion planner is developed based on the model predictive control ***,two driving scenarios are extracted from the INTERACTION dataset to validate and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed motion planning approach,i.e.,merging and roundabout *** results demonstrate that the proposed method can lower the risk and improve driving safety compared with the baseline method.

关键词： Trajectory prediction Graph neural network motion planning INTERACTION dataset

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Non-convex optimization for inverse problem solving in computer-generated holography

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1464-1486页

作者： Xiaomeng Sui Zehao He Daping chu liangcai Cao Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Engineering Centre for Photonic Devices and SensorsUniversity of Cambridge9 JJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30FAUK Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation 23 Rongyue RoadJiangbei New AreaNanjing 210000China

Computer-generated holography is a promising technique that modulates user-defined wavefronts with digital *** appropriate holograms with faithful reconstructions is not only a problem closely related to the fundamental basis of holography but also a long-standing challenge for researchers in general fields of *** the exact solution of a desired hologram to reconstruct an accurate target object constitutes an ill-posed inverse *** general practice of single-diffraction computation for synthesizing holograms can only provide an approximate answer,which is subject to limitations in numerical *** non-convex optimization algorithms are thus designed to seek an optimal solution by introducing different constraints,frameworks,and ***,we overview the optimization algorithms applied to computer-generated holography,incorporating principles of hologram synthesis based on alternative projections and gradient descent *** is aimed to provide an underlying basis for optimized hologram generation,as well as insights into the cuttingedge developments of this rapidly evolving field for potential applications in virtual reality,augmented reality,head-up display,data encryption,laser fabrication,and metasurface design.

关键词： optimization convex inverse

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