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Analytical evaluation of steady-state solute distribution in through- diffusion and membrane behavior test under non-perfectly flushing boundary conditions

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Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 258-267页

作者： Guannian Chen Yuchao li Kristin mSam.l.-lord Shan Tong School of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Geography Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China mOE Key laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering College of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Ningbo ZCONE High-tech Company limited Ningbo315000China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Villanova UniversityVillanovaPAUSA

The through-diffusion and membrane behavior testing procedure using a closed-system apparatus has been widely used for concurrent measurement of diffusion and membrane efficiency coefficients of low-permeability clay-based barrier ***,the common assumption of perfectly flushing conditions at the specimen boundaries could induce errors in analyses of the diffusion coefficients and membrane *** this study,an innovative pseudo three-dimensional(3D)analytical method was proposed to evaluate solute distribution along the boundary surfaces of the soil-porous disks system,considering the non-perfectly flushing *** results were consistent with numerical models under two scenarios considering different inflow/outflow *** proposed model has been demonstrated to be an accurate and reliable method to estimate solute distributions along the *** calculated membrane efficiency coefficient and diffusion coefficient based on the proposed analytical method are more accurate,resulting in up to 50%less relative error than the traditional approach that adopts the arithmetic mean value of the influent and effluent *** retar-dation factor of the clay specimen also can be calculated with a revised cum.l.tive mass ***,the sim.l.ted transient solute transport matched with experimental data from a m.l.i-stage through-diffusion and membrane behavior test,validating the accuracy of the proposed method.

关键词： Diffusion testing membrane behavior Coupled transport Clay barrier Transport modeling

Investigations of Water Flow Behaviors Induced by local Temperature Variations through a Single Rough Fracture for the Enhanced Geotherm.l.Systems

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Journal of Therm.l.Science 2024年第3期33卷 1055-1064页

作者： li Jiawei YE lin Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Power and Energy Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

In recent years,Enhanced Geotherm.l.System(EGS)technologies have been applied to the geotherm.l.resources production in the Hot Dry Rock(HDR).The core of EGS technologies is to adopt hydraulic fracturing in the reservoir to create a connected network of discrete fractures with the consideration of water as a working fluid for hydraulic fracturing and heat *** paper investigates the characteristics of water flow behaviors through a single rough fracture under different temperature and pressure conditions.A single fracture model with rough fracture surfaces is constructed and then characterized,and influences of the anisotropic factor on the average tortuosity and frictional resistance coefficient of water flow through a single fracture with rough surfaces have been compared and *** consideration of other impacting factors(temperature,pressure,fracture roughness),the impact of mass flow rate has also been *** sim.l.tion results present that changes of average tortuosity for water flow through a single rough facture are mainly affected by *** can be observed that higher temperature leads to larger average tortuosity but the frictional resistance coefficient shows an opposite *** for pressure conditions,it is found that effects of pressure on average tortuosity and frictional resistance coefficient is very sm.l.,which can be neglected under high pressure ***,the average tortuosity shows a progressively linear relationship with the mass flow *** the contrary,the frictional resistance coefficient has a negative relationship with the mass flow *** is revealed that when the mass flow rate reaches a critical point,the influences of temperature on the frictional resistance coefficient will be *** of single rough fractures with different anisotropic factors show that values of average tortuosity and frictional resistance coefficient have positive relationships with the increase

关键词： single rough fracture tortuosity frictional resistance enhanced geotherm.l.system

Vaccination effect on a stochastic epidemic model with healing and relapse

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第1期17卷 29-59页

作者： m.m.Abdeslami l.Basri m.El Fatini I.Sekkak R.Taki laboratory of Partial Differential Equations Spectral Algebra and Geometry Department of mathematics Faculty of Sciences Ibn Tofail UniversityBP 133KénitraMorocco Centre de Recherche en Sante Publique montréal(Québec)H3N 1X9 Canada Departement de Medecine Sociale et Preventive Ecole de SantéPublique de I'Universitéde Montreal 101Avenue du ParcMontréal(Quebec)H3N 1X9Canada EST Sidi Bennour Chouaib Doukkali UniversityEl JadidaMorocco

In this work,we consider a stochastic epidemic model with vaccination,healing and *** prove the existence and the uniqueness of the positive *** establish sufficient conditions for the extinction and the persistence in mean of the stochastic ***,we also establish sufficient conditions for the existence of ergodic stationary distribution to the model,which reveals that the infectious disease will *** graphical illustrations of the approximate solutions of the stochastic epidemic model have been performed.

关键词： Stochastic epidemic model with relapse and healing vaccination extinction persistence in mean markov semigroup stationary distribution

Quantitative Applications of Weather Satellite Data for Nowcasting:Progress and Challenges

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Journal of meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 399-413页

作者： Jun li Jing ZHENG Bo li min mIN Yanan liU Chian-Yi liU Zhenglong li WPaul mENZEl Timothy J.SCHmIT John l.CINTINEO Scott liNDSTROm Scott BACHmEIER Yunheng XUE Yayu mA Di DI Han liN Innovation Centre for Fengyun meteorological Satellite(FYSIC) National Satellite Meteorological CentreChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and EngineeringZhuhai519082China Key laboratory of Geographic Information Science(ministry of Education) East China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China Research Center for Environmental Changes Academia SinicaTaipei11529China Cooperative Institute for meteorological Satellite Studies University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Sensors and Calibration Branch STAR/NESDISMadisonWI53706USA Wuxi University Wuxi214105China School of Computer Science Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu610225China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China Key laboratory of Spatial Data mining and Information Sharing of ministry of Education National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Satellite Geospatial Information TechnologyFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China

monitoring and predicting highly localized weather events over a very short-term period,typically ranging from minutes to a few hours,are very important for decision makers and public *** these events usually relies on radar observations through monitoring and *** advanced high-resolution imaging and sounding observations from weather satellites,nowcasting can be enhanced by combining radar,satellite,and other data,while quantitative applications of those data for nowcasting are advanced through using machine learning *** applications include monitoring the location,impact area,intensity,water vapor,atmospheric instability,precipitation,physical properties,and optical properties of the severe storm at different stages(pre-convection,initiation,development,and decaying),identification of storm types(wind,snow,hail,etc.),and predicting the occurrence and evolution of the *** observations can provide information on the environmental characteristics in the preconvection stage and are very useful for situational awareness and storm *** paper provides an overview of recent progress on quantitative applications of satellite data in nowcasting and its challenges,and future perspectives are also addressed and discussed.

关键词： weather satellite quantitative applications nowcasting pre-convection

Jet formation and penetration performance of a double-layer charge liner with chemically-deposited tungsten as the inner liner

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 374-385页

作者： Bihui Hong Wenbin li Yiming li Zhiwei Guo Binyou Yan ministerial Key laboratory of ZNDY Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China State Key laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Xiamen Tungsten Co. Ltd.Xiamen 361004China

This paper proposes a type of double-layer charge liner fabricated using chemical vapor deposition(CVD)that has tungsten as its inner *** feasibility of this design was evaluated through penetration ***-layer charge liners were fabricated by using CVD to deposit tungsten layers on the inner surfaces of pure T2 copper *** microstructures of the tungsten layers were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope(SEm).The feasibility analysis was carried out by pulsed X-rays,slug-retrieval test and static penetration *** shaped charge jet forming and penetration law of inner tungsten-coated double-layer liner were studied by numerical sim.l.tion *** results showed that the double-layer liners could form well-shaped *** errors between the X-ray test results and the numerical results were within 11.07%.A slug-retrieval test was found that the retrieved slug was sim.l.r to a numerically sim.l.ted *** with the traditional pure copper shaped charge jet,the penetration depth of the double-layer shaped charge liner increased by 11.4% and>10.8% *** summary,the test results are good,and the numerical sim.l.tion is in good agreement with the test,which verified the feasibility of using the CVD method to fabricate double-layer charge liners with a high-density and high-strength refractory metal as the inner liner.

关键词： Shaped charge Chemical vapor deposition Tungsten Double-layer charge liner X-ray Penetration

Exciting lattice oxygen of nickel–iron bi-metal alkoxide for efficient electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 194-201,I0005页

作者： Saihang Zhang Senchuan Huang Fengzhan Sun Yinghui li li Ren Hao Xu Zhao li Yifei liu Wei li lina Chong Jianxin Zou National Engineering Research Center of light Alloy Net Forming&State Key laboratory of metal matrix Composites Center of Hydrogen ScienceSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Advanced MaterialsShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsiChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersCollege of Chemistry and MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

High efficiency,cost-effective and durable electrocatalysts are of pivotal importance in energy conversion and storage *** electro-oxidation of water to oxygen plays a crucial role in such energy conversion ***,we report a robust method for the synthesis of a bimetallic alkoxide for efficient oxygen evolution reaction(OER)for alkaline electrolysis,which yields current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)at an overpotential of 215 mV in 0.1 m KOH *** catalyst demonstrates an excellent durability for more than 540 h operation with negligible degradation in *** spectra revealed that the catalyst underwent structure reconstruction during OER,evolving into oxyhydroxide,which was the active site proceeding OER in alkaline ***-situ synchrotron X-ray absorption experiment combined with density functional theory calculation suggests a lattice oxygen involved electrocatalytic reaction mechanism for the in-situ generated nickel–iron bimetal-oxyhydroxide *** mechanism together with the synergy between nickel and iron are responsible for the enhanced catalytic activity and *** findings provide promising strategies for the rational design of nonnoble metal OER catalysts.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Nickel-iron bi-metal alkoxide lattice oxygen-mediated reaction mechanism Alkaline electrolysis Electrocatalysts

Improving anammox activity and reactor start-up speed by using CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3) buffer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 60-71页

作者： Shaoan Cheng Huahua li Xinyuan He Hua Chen longxin li State Key laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Anammox bacteria grow slowly and can be affected by large pH *** suitable buffers could make the start-up of anammox reactors easy and *** this study,the effects of three kinds of buffers on the nitrogen removal and growth characteristics of anammox sludge were *** with CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3)buffer solution(CCBS)performed the best in nitrogen removal,while 4-(2-hydroxyerhyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid(HEPES)and phosphate buffer solution(PBS)inhibited the anammox *** with 50 mm.l.l CCBS could start up in 20 days,showing the specific anammox activity and anammox activity of 1.01±0.10 gN/(gVSS·day)and 0.83±0.06 kgN/(m^(3)·day),*** Kuenenia was the dominant anammox bacteria,with a relative abundance of 71.8%.Notably,anammox reactors could also start quickly by using 50 mm.l.l CCBS under nonstrict anaerobic *** findings are meaningful for the quick start-up of engineered anammox reactors and prompt enrichment of anammox bacteria.

关键词： Anammox bacteria Buffer solution CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3) Physiological characteristics microbial community shift

Scaling laws governing the elastic properties of 3D graphenes

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1748-1756页

作者： li ming lU Guo YU HaoDong li menglei ZHENG FaWei Centre for Quantum Physics Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(MOE)School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Beijing Key lab of Nanophotonics&Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijing100088China Department of Physics Capital Normal UniversityBeijing100048China

In this study,we comprehensively investigated the scaling law for elastic properties of three-dimensional honeycomb-like graphenes(3D graphenes)using hybrid neural network potential-based m.l.cular dynamics sim.l.tions and theoretical *** elastic constants were obtained as functions of honeycomb hole size,denoted by the graphene wall length *** five independent elastic constants in the large-l limit are proportional to l^(-1).The associated coefficients are combinations of elastic constants of two-dimensional ***-order terms including l^(-2)and l^(-3)emerge for finite l *** have three origins,the distorted areas close to the joint lines of 3D graphenes,the variation in solid angles between graphene plates,and the bending distortion of graphene ***,the chirality becomes essential with decreasing l because the joint line structures are different between the armchair and zigzag-type 3D *** findings provide insights into the elastic properties of graphene-based superstructures and can be used for further studies on graphene-based materials.

关键词： scaling law neural network elastic properties 3D graphene

Effect of streamlined nose length on aerodynamic performance of high-speed train with a speed of 400 km/h

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第7期25卷 525-540页

作者： Nianxun li Tian li Zhiyuan DAI Deng QIN Jiye ZHANG State Key laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

The streamlined nose length(SNl)plays a crucial role in determining the aerodynamic performance of high-speed *** appropriate SNl can not only effectively reduce the magnitude of aerodynamic drag and lift forces,but also improve the performance of the high-speed train in tunnel passing and crosswind *** this study,a numerical sim.l.tion of the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains at a speed of 400 km/h,with varying SNls,is conducted using the k-ωshear stress transport(SST)turbulence *** different SNls include 6.0,7.0,8.0,9.0,9.8,12.0,15.0,and 18.0 *** order to validate the accuracy of the numerical sim.l.tion,its results are compared with wind tunnel test data obtained from the *** sim.l.tion is carried out using compressible and incompressible gases to determine the effect of gas compressibility on *** impact of SNl on the aerodynamic performance of the trains is analyzed in terms of aerodynamic forces,velocity,and pressure *** comparison to the original train,the train with a 6.0 m SNl experienced a 10.8%increase in overall aerodynamic ***,the lift forces on the head and tail cars increased by 35.7%and 75.5%,*** the other hand,the train with an 18.0 m SNl exhibited a 16.5%decrease in aerodynamic ***,the lift forces on the head and tail cars decreased by 21.9%and 49.7%,*** aerodynamic drag force of the entire train varies linearly with the SNl,while the aerodynamic lift of the tail car follows a quadratic function in relation to the SNl.

关键词： Streamlined nose length(SNl) High-speed train Aerodynamic performance Numerical sim.l.tion Flow structures