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Automatic and Robust Segmentation of multiple Sclerosis Lesions with Convolutional Neural Networks

Computers, materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 977-991页

作者： H.m.Rehan afzal Suhuai Luo Saadallah Ramadan Jeannette Lechner-Scott mohammad Ruhul Amin Jiaming Li m.kamran afzal m.kamran afzal School of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter medical Research Institute New Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNew Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia CSIRO Data61 MarsfieldNSW 2122Australia School of Computer Science and Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis(mS)is based on accurate detection of lesions on magnetic resonance imaging(mRI)which also provides ongoing essential information about the progression and status of the *** detection of lesions is very time consuming and lacks *** of the lesions are difficult to detect manually,especially within the grey *** paper proposes a novel and fully automated convolution neural network(CNN)approach to segment *** proposed system consists of two 2D patchwise CNNs which can segment lesions more accurately and *** first CNN network is implemented to segment lesions accurately,and the second network aims to reduce the false positives to increase *** system consists of two parallel convolutional pathways,where one pathway is concatenated to the second and at the end,the fully connected layer is replaced with *** routine mRI sequences T1-w,T2-w and FLAIR are used as input to the CNN,where FLAIR is used for segmentation because most lesions on mRI appear as bright regions and T1-w&T2-w are used to reduce mRI *** evaluated the proposed system on two challenge datasets that are publicly available from mICCAI and *** and qualitative evaluation has been performed with various metrics like false positive rate(FPR),true positive rate(TPR)and dice similarities,and were compared to current state-of-the-art *** proposed method shows consistent higher precision and sensitivity than other *** proposed method can accurately and robustly segment mS lesions from images produced by different mRI scanners,with a precision up to 90%.

关键词： multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation automatic segmentation CNN automated tool lesion detection

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Facile synthesis of samarium and cerium doped double perovskite cobaltite with enhanced dielectric response

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1317-1327,I0005页

作者： Yasir Abbas m.kamran m.Anis-ur-Rehman Applied Thermal Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan

The investigation of Sm-Ce doping on structure,conduction,and dielectric response of Bi_(2)Ca_(2-2x)Sm_(x)CexCoO_(6)(x=0.000,0.025,0.050,0.075)(BCSCCO)are *** the specimens were synthesized by a facile synthesis technique named the co-precipitation route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)reveals that BCSCCO crystallizes into one phase with space group P21/*** crystallite size,dislocation density,lattice parameters,lattice strain,unit cell volume,and bulk density were determined using XRD *** structural properties of Bi_(2)Ca_(2)CoO_(6)were examined using calculations based on the density functional *** and experimental values discrepancy is less than 1%.A scanning electron microscope was used for performing a microstructural *** SEm images demonstrate the homogeneous distribution of grains with a range of sizes(0.054-0.090μm).The alternating current(ac)conductivity,dielectric permittivity,and tangent loss were also studied as a function of frequency(20 Hz-3 mHz)at different temperatures(100-500℃).All synthesized samples were examined using non-linear Debye's function to determine their spreading factor and relaxation *** specimen with the lowest crystallite size(∼23 nm)exhibits a high dielectric permittivity(∼3.80×10^(6)).The conduction mechanism was examined in the studied samples with the use of Jonscher's power *** power law indicates that the BCSCCO(x=0.000,0.025)follows correlated barrier hopping,whereas the x=0.050 and 0.075 compositions follow non-overlapping polaron *** studied specimen Bi_(2)Ca_(1.9)0Sm_(0.05)0Ce_(0.05)_(0)CoO_(6)with the highest density(∼5.65 g/cm^(3))displays a high electrical conductivity(∼46.1 S/cm).These findings correspond to those published for ceramics made from calcium cobaltite using solid-state reactions(5.0-26.0 S/cm).

关键词： Bismuth calcium samarium cerium cobaltite (BCSCCO) Spreading factor Conduction mechanism Rare earths

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Ethanol shock enhances the recovery of anthocyanin from lowbush blueberry

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第12期28卷 3096-3102页

作者： Nueraili maimaiti Niyazi Aili m.kamran Khan Zhigang Tang Guoqiang Jiang Zheng Liu Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Deactivation of polyphenol oxidase(PPO)in natural products is essential for downstream processing of functional molecules used as food or food additives,particularly those served as *** the present work,we identified two proteins with PPO activity from lowbush blueberry using ammonium sulphate precipitation and chromatography *** of these proteins was studied using aqueous solutions of ethanol of different *** PPO activity was recovered after ethanol removal for the protein samples previously soaked in a lowconcentration ethanol solution.A complete and unrecoverable deactivation of the proteins was achieved using ethanol with concentration over 70%(v/v),as manifested by the significant changes in circular dichroism(CD)and fluorescence spectroscopy *** on these findings,we propose a new extraction process for blueberry anthocyanin,in which an ethanol shock,*** blueberry fruit in a 70%(v/v)ethanol solution for 1 h,is implemented before subsequent *** new process increases the anthocyanin yield by 55%in comparison to that without the ethanol shock.

关键词： Anthocyanin Lowbush blueberry Ethanol shock Polyphenol oxidase Bioseparation Enzyme deactivation

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Influence of Seed Priming on Performance and Water Productivity of Direct Seeded Rice in Alternating Wetting and Drying

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Rice science 2015年第4期22卷 189-196页

作者： Hafeez Ur REHmAN muhammad kamran Shahzad maqsood Ahmed BASRA Irfan afzal muhammad FAROOQ Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad Institute of Agriculture University of Western Australia College of Food and Agricultural Sciences King Saud University

Direct seeded rice is promising alternative to traditional transplanting, but requires appropriate crop and water management to maintain yield performance and achieve high water productivity. Present study evaluated the effect of seed priming and irrigation on crop establishment, tillering, agronomic traits, paddy yield, grain quality and water productivity of direct seeded rice in alternate wetting and drying （DSR-AWD） in comparison with direct seeded rice at field capacity （DSR- FC）. Seed priming treatments were osmo-priming with KCI （2.2%）, CaCI2 （2.2%） and moringa leaf extracts （mLE, 3.3%） including hydro-priming as control. Among the treatments, seed osmo-primed with mLE emerged earlier and had higher final emergence, followed by osmo-priming with CaCI2. Tillering emergence rate and number of tillers per plant were the highest for seed priming with CaCI2 in DSR- AWD. Total productive and non-productive tillers, panicle length, biological and grain yields, harvest index were highest for seed priming with mLE or CaCI2 in DSR-AWD. Similarly, grain quality, estimated in terms of normal grains, abortive and chalky grains, was also the highest in DSR-AWD with mLE osmo-priming. Benefit cost ratio and water productivity was also the highest in DSR-AWD for seed priming with mLE. In conclusion, seed priming with mLE or CaCI2 can be successfully employed to improve the direct seeded rice performance when practiced with alternate wetting and drying irrigation.

关键词： crop establishment grain filling rate seed priming water productivity yield direct seededrice alternating wetting and drying grain quality

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Exact analytical solutions for axial flow of a fractional second grade fluid between two coaxial cylinders

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Theoretical & Applied mechanics Letters 2011年第2期1卷 41-46页

作者： m.Imran m.kamran m.Athar Abdus Salam School of mathematical Sciences GC University

The velocity field and the adequate shear stress corresponding to the longitudinal flow of a fractional second grade fluid,between two infinite coaxial circular cylinders,are determined by applying the Laplace and finite Hankel *** the fluid is at rest,and at time t=0^+, the inner cylinder suddenly begins to translate along the common axis with constant acceleration. The solutions that have been obtained are presented in terms of generalized G ***, these solutions satisfy both the governing differential equations and all imposed initial and boundary *** corresponding solutions for ordinary second grade and Newtonian fluids are obtained as limiting cases of the general ***,some characteristics of the motion,as well as the influences of the material and fractional parameters on the fluid motion and a comparison between models,are underlined by graphical illustrations.

关键词： second grade fluid fractional derivative longitudinal flow velocity field shear stress Laplace and finite Hankel transforms

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Organic geochemistry and source rock potential assessment of Late Paleocene Patala Formation in margalla Hill Range,North Pakistan

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Global Geology 2021年第4期24卷 213-225页

作者： Shams m.kamran WANG Pujun Nasar Khan muhammad Hassan College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Department of Geology University of MalakandChakdara 18800Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan

Black shales of the Paleocene Patala Formation are proven source rocks for conventional hydrocarbons in southern Potwar Basin of Pakistan and are assumed to be effective source rocks towards north in the margalla Hill Range of *** this regard,the current study focuses on source rock geochemistry of the Paleocene Patala Formation to assess its source rock potential,organic matter types and thermal maturity levels in the margalla Hill Range of North *** rock generative potential,kerogen types and thermal maturation of the analysed rock samples were unraveled by using Rock-Eval pyrolysis T_(max),TOC(total organic carbon)and vitrinite reflectance(R_(0))*** analysis coupled with S_(2) yield revealed poor to fair source rock quality encountered within the *** pyrolysis T_(max) vs Hydrogen Index(HI),showed mostly Type Ⅲ kerogen dominated by thermally immature to mature organic *** HI and genetic potential is low and revealed poor hydrocarbon generation potential of the *** S_(1) vs TOC plots confirm the indigenous nature of the hydrocarbons hosted by Patala *** vitrinite reflectance outcomes indicated immature to mature source rock beds lying in dry gas *** HI and OI signatures and abundance of Type Ⅲ kerogen are indicating dominance of terrestrial organic matter within the ***,the investigated Patala Formation exposed at the studied section of margalla Hill Range,Pakistan acts as a poor source rock unit for liquid hydrocarbon generation but holds prospects for dry gas generation in the study area.

关键词： Patala Formation organic geochemistry thermal maturity margalla Hill Range North Pakistan eastern Tethys

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Synthesis and Thermal Characterization of Solar Salt-Based Phase Change Composites with Graphene Nanoplatelets

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 491-500页

作者： Pethurajan VIGNESHWARAN Saboor SHAIK Sivan SURESH müslüm ARICI Asif afzal Department of Thermal and Energy Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering(SMEC)Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia Nanotechnology Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalliTamil NaduIndia mechanical Engineering Department Engineering FacultyKocaeli UniversityUmuttepe CampusKocaeli41001Turkey Department of mechanical Engineering P.A.College of Engineering(affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological UniversityBelagavi)Mangaluru574153India

Thermal energy storage(TES) systems use solar energy despite its irregular availability and day-night temperature *** work reports the thermal characterizations of solar salt-based phase change composites in the presence of graphene nanoplatelets(GNP).Solar salt(60:40 of NaNO_(3):KNO_(3)) possessing phase transition temperature and melting enthalpy of 221.01℃ and 134.58 kJ/kg is proposed as a phase change material(PCm) for high-temperature solar-based energy storage *** conductivity must be improved to make them suitable for widespread applications and to close the gap between the system needs where they are *** is added at weight concentrations of 0.1%,0.3%,and 0.5% with solar salt using the ball milling method to boost its thermal *** studies indicated the formation of a uniform surface of GNP on solar *** spectrum peaks identified the physical interaction between salt and *** characterization of the composites,such as thermal conductivity,DSC and TGA was carried out for the samples earlier and later 300 thermal cycles.0.5% of GNP has improved the thermal conductivity of salt by 129.67% and after thermal cycling,the enhancement reduced to 125.21% indicating that thermal cycling has a minor impact on thermal *** change temperature decreased by around 2.32% in the presence of0.5% GNP and the latent heat reduced by 4.34% after thermal *** thermograms depicted the composites initiated the weight loss at around 550℃ after which it was *** thermal cycling,the weight loss initiated at ~40℃ lower compared to pure salt,which was found to be a minor *** characterization of solar salt and GNP-based solar salt composites revealed that the composites can be used for enhanced heat transfer in high-temperature solar-based heat transfer and energy storage applications.

关键词： thermal energy storage high temperature solar salt graphene nanoplatelets thermal characterization

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Optimization of deep network models through fine tuning

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2018年第3期11卷 386-403页

作者： m.Arif Wani Saduf afzal Postgraduate Department of Computer Science University of KashmirSrinagarIndia University of Kashmir SrinagarIndia

Purpose–many strategies have been put forward for training deep network models,however,stacking of several layers of non-linearities typically results in poor propagation of gradients and *** purpose of this paper is to explore the use of two steps strategy where initial deep learning model is obtained first by unsupervised learning and then optimizing the initial deep learning model by fine tuning.A number of fine tuning algorithms are explored in this work for optimizing deep learning *** includes proposing a new algorithm where Backpropagation with adaptive gain algorithm is integrated with Dropout technique and the authors evaluate its performance in the fine tuning of the pretrained deep ***/methodology/approach–The parameters of deep neural networks are first learnt using greedy layer-wise unsupervised *** proposed technique is then used to perform supervised fine tuning of the deep neural network *** experimental study is performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed fine tuning technique on three benchmark data sets:USPS,Gisette and *** authors have tested the approach on varying size data sets which include randomly chosen training samples of size 20,50,70 and 100 percent from the original data ***–Through extensive experimental study,it is concluded that the two steps strategy and the proposed fine tuning technique significantly yield promising results in optimization of deep network ***/value–This paper proposes employing several algorithms for fine tuning of deep network model.A new approach that integrates adaptive gain Backpropagation(BP)algorithm with Dropout technique is proposed for fine tuning of deep *** and comparison of various algorithms proposed for fine tuning on three benchmark data sets is presented in the paper.

关键词： Dropout Deep neural network Contrastive divergence Fine tuning of deep neural network Restricted Boltzmann machine Unsupervised pretraining Backpropagation

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monte-Carlo simulation of a stochastic differential equation

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第12期19卷 6-14页

作者： Arif ULLAH majid KHAN m.kamran R KHAN 盛正卯 Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People's Republic of China Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan Department of Physics Institute of Fusion Theory and SimulationsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People's Republic of China Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyChack ShahzadIslamabadPakistan Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University23200 MardanKPKPakistan

For solving higher dimensional diffusion equations with an inhomogeneous diffusion coefficient,monte Carlo（mC） techniques are considered to be more effective than other algorithms, such as finite element method or finite difference method. The inhomogeneity of diffusion coefficient strongly limits the use of different numerical techniques. For better convergence, methods with higher orders have been kept forward to allow mC codes with large step size. The main focus of this work is to look for operators that can produce converging results for large step sizes. As a first step, our comparative analysis has been applied to a general stochastic ***, our formulization is applied to the problem of pitch angle scattering resulting from Coulomb collisions of charge particles in the toroidal devices.

关键词： monte-Carlo simulation stochastic differential equations toroidal plasmas numerical methods

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A compliant polymorphing wing for small UAVs

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第10期33卷 2575-2588页

作者： Sadique P.mUHAmmED Rafic m.AJAJ kamran AKHAN Department of mechanical Engineering United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain 15551United Arab Emirates Department of Aerospace Engineering Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi 127788United Arab Emirates

This paper presents the development of a novel compliant polymorphing wing capable of chord and camber morphing for small *** morphing wing can achieve up to 10%chord extension and±20°camber *** design,modeling,sizing,manufacturing and mechanical testing of the wing are *** polymorphing wing consists of one continuous front spar fixed to the fuselage and a rear spar on each side of the *** rear spar can translate in the chordwise direction(chord morphing)and rotate around itself(camber morphing).A flexible elastomeric latex sheet is used as the skin to cover the wing and maintain its aerodynamic shape whilst allowing *** loads from the skin are transferred to the spars using the compliant cellular ribs that support the flexible skin and facilitate ***-tensioning is applied to the skin to minimize wrinkling when subject to aerodynamic and actuation loads.A rack and pinion actuation system,powered by stepper motors,is used for ***-structural design,analysis and sizing are *** comparison between the polymorphing wing and the baseline wing(non-morphing)shows that chord morphing improves aerodynamic efficiency at low angles of attack while camber morphing improves efficiency at high angles of attack.

关键词： Camber morphing Chord morphing Compliant structures Flexible skin UAVs

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