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Characterizing the Relative Importance Assigned to Physical Variables by Climate Scientists when Assessing Atmospheric Climate model Fidelity

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第9期35卷 1101-1113页

作者： Susannah m.BURROWS Aritra dasgupta Sarah REEHL Lisa BRAmER Po-Lun mA Philip J.RASCH Yun QIAN Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWashington 99354USA

Evaluating a climate model＇s fidelity（ability to simulate observed climate） is a critical step in establishing confidence in the model＇s suitability for future climate projections, and in tuning climate model parameters. model developers use their judgement in determining which trade-offs between different aspects of model fidelity are acceptable. However, little is known about the degree of consensus in these evaluations, and whether experts use the same criteria when different scientific objectives are defined. Here, we report on results from a broad community survey studying expert assessments of the relative importance of different output variables when evaluating a global atmospheric model＇s mean climate. We find that experts adjust their ratings of variable importance in response to the scientific objective, for instance, scientists rate surface wind stress as significantly more important for Southern Ocean climate than for the water cycle in the Asian watershed. There is greater consensus on the importance of certain variables（e.g., shortwave cloud forcing） than others（e.g., aerosol optical depth）. We find few differences in expert consensus between respondents with greater or less climate modeling experience,and no statistically significant differences between the responses of climate model developers and users. The concise variable lists and community ratings reported here provide baseline descriptive data on current expert understanding of certain aspects of model evaluation, and can serve as a starting point for further investigation, as well as developing more sophisticated evaluation and scoring criteria with respect to specific scientific objectives.

关键词： climate climate model model evaluation numerical model skill expert elicitation

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machine learning approach for label-free rapid detection and identification of virus using Raman spectra

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Intelligent medicine 2023年第1期3卷 22-35页

作者： Rajath Alexander Sheetal Uppal Anusree Dey Amit kaushal Jyoti Prakash kinshuk dasgupta Glass& Advanced Materials DivisionMaterials GroupBhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India Homi Bhabha National Institute AnushaktinagarMumbai 400094India molecular Biology Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India

Objective:The objective of this study was to develop a robust method for rapid detection and identification of the virus based on Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning ***:We have used saliva spiked with different bacterial viruses such as P1 Phage,m13 Phage,and Lambda Phage,for demonstrating the utility of this method for virus *** Raman spectra collected from a large number of independent samples,each of different phages with and without saliva were used to train a supervised convolutional neural network(CNN)with its hyperparameters optimized by Bayesian *** CNN method was not only able to detect the presence of a phage but was also able to identify the phage type using unprocessed Raman spectra having high *** addition,a semi-supervised auto-encoder was utilized for differentiating healthy saliva from saliva spiked with phages thereby making it possible to detect the presence of phages in saliva ***:The CNN could identify the virus with an accuracy of 98.86%based on ten-fold cross-validation,precision of 98.8%,recall of 98.7%,and F1 score of 98.7%.The area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic curve was *** was capable of differentiating healthy saliva from the virus spiked saliva with an accuracy of 99.7%in a semi-supervised ***,Raman spectroscopy coupled with machine learning approach was able to directly detect and identify the virus without consuming time for lengthy sample ***:A robust method based on Raman spectroscopy coupled with machine learning may be capable of detection and identification of the virus even from the signal with low intensity and high *** label-free method is fast,sensitive,specific,and cost effective.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy machine learning Virus Bacteriophage Convolutional neural network Autoencoder

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Effects of urea,metal ions and surfactants on the binding of baicalein with bovine serum albumin

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第4期6卷 256-267页

作者： Atanu Singha Roy Amit kumar Dinda Nitin kumar Pandey Swagata dasgupta Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology

The interaction of baicalein with bovine serum albumin（BSA） was investigated with the help of spectroscopic and molecular docking *** binding affinity of baicalein towards BSA was estimated to be in order of 10~5 m^（-1） from fluorescence quenching *** ΔH°（-5.66 ＋ 0.14 kJ/mol） and positive（ΔS°）（＋ 79.96 ＋ 0.65J/mol k） indicate the presence of electrostatic interactions along with the hydrophobic forces that result in a positive ΔS°.The hydrophobic association of baicalein with BSA diminishes in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS） due to probable hydrophobic association of baicalein with SDS,resulting in a negative ΔS°（-40.65 ＋ 0.87 J/mol k）.matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight（mALDI-TOF） experiments indicate a 1：1 complexation between baicalein and *** unfolding and refolding phenomena of BSA were investigated in the absence and presence of baicalein using steady-state and fluorescence lifetime *** was observed that the presence of urea ruptured the non-covalent interaction between baicalein and *** presence of metal ions（Ag~＋,mg^（2＋）,Ni^（2＋）,mn^（2＋）,Co^（2＋） and Zn^（2＋）） increased the binding affinity of ligand towards *** changes in conformational aspects of BSA after ligand binding were also investigated using circular dichroism（CD） and Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR） spectroscopic *** selectivity studies following molecular docking analyses indicated the binding of baicalein to site 1（subdomain mA） of BSA.

关键词： Bovine serum albumin(BSA) Baicalein Binding constant Fluorescence spectroscopy molecular docking

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Sarin Induced Lung Pathology and Protection by Standard Therapy Regime

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1993年第2期6卷 103-111页

作者： S.C.PANT R.VIJAYARAGHAVAN S.dasgupta Defence DefenceDefence Research & Development EstablishmentGwalior 474002India.Research & Development EstablishmentGwalior 474002India.Research & Development EstablishmentGwalior 474002India.

The effects of atropine, diazepam and pralidoxime were studied for their ability to block the pathological lesions induced by sarin. Rats were exposed to an aerosol of sarin at a concentration of 51.2mg-m for 15 min following the pretreatment with one of the following combinations: atropine (10 mg/kg, i.m.) and diazepam (0.5 mg/kg, i.m.); atropine and pralidoxime (25 mg/kg, i.m.); diazepam and pralidoxime; atropine, diazepam and pralidoxime. Lung exposed to sarin aerosols revealed an increased cellular proliferation with progressive diffused interstitial thickening on the 4th day following exposure. On the 16th day, loss of alveolar space and consolidation of large areas of all lobes were observed. Sarin also caused damage to the respiratory bronchioles. All the therapy regime blocked the development of lung lesions in the descending orders: atropine, diazepam and pralidoxime, atropine and diazepam > diazepam and pralidoxime > atropine and pralidoxime. The result suggests that diazepam in combination with atropine and pralidoxime could be an effective drug combination regime for the lung lesions.

关键词： Sarin Induced Lung Pathology and Protection by Standard Therapy Regime

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Economic Analysis of Diversified Rotational Cropping Systems in the Lateritic Belt of Lower Gangetic Plain of Eastern India

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2011年第3期1卷 331-341页

作者： D. mandal k. Baral D. C. Ghosh J. Timsina m. k. dasgupta Uttar Dinajpur krishi Vigyan kendra （Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya） Chopra-733216 Uttar Dinajpur West Bengal Palli-Siksha Bhavana Institute of Agriculture Visva-Bharati Sriniketan-731236 Birbhum West Bengal IRRI-Bangladesh Office Dhaka 1206 Bangladesh

Economic analysis of different diversified rotational cropping systems under Farmers＇ package/practices and improved package/practices was conducted in Birbhum district, West Bengal, located in the red and lateritic belt of lower Gangetic plain of eastern lndia. Diversified triple cropping systems （peanut-brinjal＋brinjal, rice-potato-pumpkin, and cucumber-cabbage-basella） required higher cost for cultivation, but also produced higher rice equivalent yield, higher net return and higher return rupee1 invested in both management practices. Considering the resource-ability and risk-bearing capacity, and net return and return rupee^-1 （RPR） invested, these cropping systems can be recommended for resource-rich farmers. Rice-rapeseed-cowpea, rice-wheat-green gram and radish-tomato-amaranthus systems profitable. These cropping systems can be required less inputs for cultivation, were less risky, and economically viable and recommended for resource-poor farmers. Peanut-brinjal ＋ brinjal-okra-chilli ＋ chilli-cucumber-cabbage-basella system was the best among all the 3-year rotational systems in respect to RPR in both management practices. This rotational system will be suitable for resource-rich farmers. Vegetable-based rotational systems （ridge gourd-marigold-okra-black gram-pointed gourd ＋ pointed gourd-radish-tomato-amaranthus） or rice-based rotational system （rice-wheat-green gram-rice-rapeseed-cowpea-rice-potato-pumpkin） also found to be suitable to increase the profitability and system sustainability. These cropping systems can be recommended for all groups of farmers.

关键词： Cropping systems rotational cropping systems productivity economics west Bengal India.

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Weed Incidences and Their Effect on Crop Productivity under Diversified Rotational Cropping Systems in the Lateritic Belt of Lower Gangetic Plain of Eastern India

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2011年第4期1卷 511-522页

作者： D. mandal D. C. Ghosh k. Baral m. k. dasgupta J. Timsina Uttar Dinajpur krishi Vigyan kendra Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Chopra 733216 Uttar Dinajpur West Bengal Palli-Siksha Bhavana Institute of Agriculture Visva-Bharati Sriniketan 731236 Birbhum West Bengal IRR1-Bangladesh Office Dhaka 1206 Bangladesh

A field experiment was conducted from 2002-2005 on a sandy clay loam red and lateritic soil under irrigation in a farmer＇s field at Senkapur （Lat. 23°36.79′ N, Long. 87°38.14′E, Elev. 46 m AmSL）, Birbhum, West Bengal, India. The objective was to provide the temporal changes of weed diversity and density, ecology, and impact of rotational cropping systems on different crops under double and triple cropping systems with improved （IP） and farmer＇s packages （FP）. There was significantly higher weed density in FP than in IP on all years. Grasses and sedges were more in vegetable-based rotational systems; but grasses and broad leaf weeds （BLWs） were more in rice-based rotational systems. The lowest weed population was in vegetable-based systems. Grasses increased in rice-based systems but gradually decreased in vegetable-based systems in subsequent years. Sedge density was higher in vegetable- than in rice-based rotational systems. Density of BLWs was higher but that of sedges was lower in rice-based rotational systems as compared to vegetable-based systems. Density of BLWs gradually decreased in all rotational systems over the years in both packages. Density of weeds decreased gradually in subsequent years indicating the positive effect of rotational systems on suppression of weeds. Results indicate that the weed density can be reduced through judicious diversified rotational cropping systems. Peanut-brinjal＋brinjal, okra-chilli＋chilli and cucumber-cabbage-basella systems greatly reduced the weed density in both packages, and hence can be recommended for the lateritic belt of lower Gangetic plain of eastern India.

关键词： Cropping systems diversified rotational cropping systems weed density weed ecology farmers' package (FP) improved package (IP) India

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印度加尔各答市区外围一地的露尾甲物种组成、多度和季节性发生（英文）

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昆虫学报 2019年第7期62卷 868-876页

作者： Jhikm.k.dasgupta Tarun kumar PAL Zoological Survey of India 'M’ BlockNew AliporeKolkata-700053India

【目的】印度大部分露尾甲在腐烂的水果和蔬菜上大量发生,其种群在一年中表现出明显的季节性波动。据推测,露尾甲种群很大程度上依赖于温度、湿度和降雨之类的环境因子。【方法】本研究调查了2013-2015年印度加尔各答市区外围一地Garia... 详细信息

【目的】印度大部分露尾甲在腐烂的水果和蔬菜上大量发生,其种群在一年中表现出明显的季节性波动。据推测,露尾甲种群很大程度上依赖于温度、湿度和降雨之类的环境因子。【方法】本研究调查了2013-2015年印度加尔各答市区外围一地Garia的露尾甲物种组成、季节性发生和种群结构,记录了其活跃时期、季节性多度和影响其发生的因素。【结果】调查期间在调查地共发现数目不等的6个物种。其中最常见露尾甲为Urophorus humeralis,它是个体数量最多的物种且在一年中几乎所有月份均有发生;其他常见物种为Epuraea ocularis和***。不同物种在食物发酵的连续阶段进入诱捕器中。最初12 h被捕获的是Epuraea属的种类,而在诱捕器中食物严重腐烂的后续阶段发现最多的是***。在合适范围的气温(22~29℃)和相对湿度(82.5%~86%)下,物种丰富度最高,表明这些环境变量对露尾甲种群具有重要影响。【结论】加尔各答主要水果和蔬菜在季风后季节种植,在季风后季节取食这些作物的露尾甲发生量(物种丰富度和多度)最高。这一研究结果可能有助于制定针对这些甲虫的有效田间治理策略。

关键词：露尾甲科露尾甲物种多样性季节性变化环境因子加尔各答印度

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Radiation Effect on a High Efficiency Double Drift Region 4H-SiC Terahertz ImPATT Diode

Radiation Effect on a High Efficiency Double Drift Region 4H...

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2007 5th International Conference on microwave and millimeter Wave Technology(ICmmT’2007)

作者： m.mukherjee N.mazumder A.dasgupta Department of Applied Physics International Institute of Information TechnologyVisva Bharati University X-18/3Block-EPSector VSalt Lake Electronics ComplexKolkata-700091India Advanced Technology Cell Jadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India

The dynamic properties of a 4H-SiC low-highlow double drift ImPATT diode operating at 0.5 THz region are studied through a simulation *** study indicates that 4H-SiC ImPATT is capable of generating high RF power （3.7W） at 0.515 terahertz with high efficiency （13.5 %）.However,the parasitic series resistance is found to produce a 10 % reduction in the negative conductance and the RF power of the *** effect of photo-illumination on the device is also investigated by studying the role of enhanced saturation current on the THz frequency performance of this ImPATT device.A modified double iterative simulation technique developed by the authors is used for this *** is found that （i） the negative conductance and （ii） the negative resistance of the device decrease,while,the frequency of operation and the device quality factor shift upward with increasing saturation *** upward shift in operating frequency is found to be more （85 GHz） when the device performance is controlled by the hole saturation current rather than by the electron dominated saturation *** results thus indicate that 4H-SiC DDR ImPATT diode is highly photo-sensitive even at THz range of frequencies.

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Spectroscopic and Calorimetric Approach to Understand the molecular Basis of Self-Association of Aureolic Acid Antibiotic, Chromomycin A3

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2014年第2期4卷 66-82页

作者： Shreyasi Dutta Shibojyoti Lahiri Dipak dasgupta Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics Kolkata India

Chromomycin A3 (CHR, pka = 7.0), an aureolic acid group of antitumor antibiotic, undergoes self-association in aqueous solution in neutral and anionic forms. Self-association processes of neutral and anionic CHR have been studied in pH 5.0 and pH 9.0, respectively using different spectroscopic methods such as absorbance, fluorescence, CD, NmR and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Results from these studies reveal that at low concentration (2 + CHR (CHR)3 and (CHR)3 + CHR (CHR)4. Analysis of NmR spectra of 100 μm and 1 mm CHR indicates that the self-association of CHR (neutral and anionic form) is most likely to happen via hydrophobic interaction involving the sugar moieties and surrounding water molecules. Calorimetric studies indicate that self-association of both anionic and neutral CHR is entropy driven. These observations imply that sugar substituents play a major role in their state of aggregation after biosynthesis from a gene cluster. The self-association features of the antibiotic have been compared with those of mithramycin, an antibiotic of the same group.

关键词： Oligomer Neutral Anionic Circular Dichroism Enthalpy NmR Spectroscopy

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Supercontinuum generation in a Bragg fiber:a novel proposal

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Optoelectronics Letters 2006年第5期2卷 342-344页

作者： Bishnu P.Pal Sonali dasgupta m.R.Shenoy Alexej Sysoliatin Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India Fiber Optics Research Center at GPI Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119991Russia

We propose a silica-core dispersion-decreasing Bragg fiber （DDBF） of mode effective area as large as 55 μm^2 for supercontinuum （SO） generation at the pump wavelength of 1060 nm. Using a fast and simple matrix method to model propagation in the DDBF,we have presented a general criterion to obtain the shortest length of the DDBF that would result in a broad SO spectrum. The proposed DDBF design should be amenable for reproducible fabrication through the well-developed mCVD fiber manufacturing technology and the concept has potential for realization as a practical device.

关键词：布拉格光栅光学纤维 DDBF 色散波长

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