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Dietary supplementation of zinc oxide modulates intestinal functionality during the post-weaning period in clinically healthy piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 313-328页

作者： Dirkjan Schokker Soumya k.kar Els Willems Alex Bossers Ruud A.Dekker Alfons J.m.Jansman Wageningen Bioveterinary Research LelystadThe Netherlands Wageningen Livestock Research Wageningen University&ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Royal Agrifirm Group ApeldoornThe Netherlands Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands

Background To improve our understanding of host and intestinal microbiome interaction,this research investigated the effects of a high-level zinc oxide in the diet as model intervention on the intestinal microbiome and small intestinal functionality in clinically healthy post-weaning *** study 1,piglets received either a high concentration of zinc(Zn)as zinc oxide(Zn O,Zn,2,690 mg/kg)or a low Zn concentration(100 mg/kg)in the diet during the post weaning period(d 14–23).The effects on the piglet's small intestinal microbiome and functionality of intestinal tissue were *** study 2,the impact of timing of the dietary zinc intervention was investigated,i.e.,between d 0–14 and/or d 14–23 post weaning,and the consecutive effects on the piglet's intestinal functionality,here referring to microbiota composition and diversity and gene expression *** Differences in the small intestinal functionality were observed during the post weaning period between piglets receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content.A shift in the microbiota composition in the small intestine was observed that could be characterized as a non-pathological change,where mainly the commensals *** the immediate post weaning period,i.e.,d 0–14,the highest number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in intestinal tissue were observed between animals receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content,i.e.,23 DEGs in jejunal tissue and 11 DEGs in ileal *** genes are involved in biological processes related to immunity and inflammatory *** example,genes CD59 and REG3G were downregulated in the animals receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content in both jejunum and ileum *** the second study,a similar result was obtained regarding the expression of genes in intestinal tissue related to immune pathways when comparing piglets receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O con

关键词： Immune system Intestinal functionality microbiota Piglets Zinc oxide

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Spatial Attention Integrated EfficientNet Architecture for Breast Cancer Classification with Explainable AI

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Computers, materials and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 5029-5045页

作者： Chakravarthy S. Nagarajan B. khan S.B. Venkatesan V.k. Ram.k.ishna m.T. Al musharraf A. Aurungzeb k. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Sathyamangalam 638402 India School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems (SCORE) Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India School of Science Engineering and Environment University of Salford Manchester M54WT United Kingdom Adjunct Research Faculty Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Rajpura 140401 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) Bengaluru 562112 India Department of management College of Business Administration Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh 11543 Saudi Arabia

Breast cancer is a type of cancer responsible for higher mortality rates among women. The cruelty of breast cancer always requires a promising approach for its earlier detection. In light of this, the proposed research leverages the representation ability of pretrained EfficientNet-B0 model and the classification ability of the XGBoost model for the binary classification of breast tumors. In addition, the above transfer learning model is modified in such a way that it will focus more on tumor cells in the input mammogram. Accordingly, the work proposed an EfficientNetB0 having a Spatial Attention Layer with XGBoost (ESA-XGBNet) for binary classification of mammograms. For this, the work is trained, tested, and validated using original and augmented mammogram images of three public datasets namely CBIS-DDSm, INbreast, and mIAS databases. maximum classification accuracy of 97.585% (CBIS-DDSm), 98.255% (INbreast), and 98.91% (mIAS) is obtained using the proposed ESA-XGBNet architecture as compared with the existing models. Furthermore, the decision-m.k.ng of the proposed ESA-XGBNet architecture is visualized and validated using the Attention Guided GradCAm-based Explainable AI technique. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： breast cancer deep-learning EfficientNet Explainable AI mammograms transfer learning

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methanol conversion to DmE as a blue fuel：The beneficial use of ultrasonic irradiation for the preparation of CuO/H-mOR nanocatalyst

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燃料化学学报 2014年第11期42卷 1340-1350页

作者： Sameh m.k. Aboul-Fotouh Ain Shams University Faculty of Education Chemistry Department Roxy Cairo 11566 Egypt

methanol conversion to DmE was investigated over CuO /H-mOR nanocatalyst prepared by precipitation and /or by precipitation flowed by ultrasonic irradiation methods. BET,XRD,SEm,NH3-TPD and H2-TPR techniques were used to characterize nanocatalysts. The effective ultrasonication factors encountered during carrying out the dehydration of methanol on Cuo /H-mOR zeolite catalysts to produce dimethylether are studied in the present work. These factors include: the type of ultrasonication media,the ultrasonication time,and the fixed weight of the solid catalyst per the volume of the ultrasonication liquid media( Wcatalyst/ Vliquidratio). XRD showed that structure of H-mOR is not damaged even after it is loaded with CuO nanoparticles or with ultrasonication. H2-TPR profiles indicated that reducibility of sonicated CuO / H-mOR nanocatalyst is higher than non-sonicated catalyst. It is found that employing ultrasound energy for 60 min has the highest influence on the surface properties of nanocatalyst and its catalytic performance( activity and stability) of CuO / H-mOR catalyst. Surface morphology( SEm) of the sonicated CuO /H-mOR catalysts have clarified that methanol by itself used as an ultrasonication medium gives the best results concerning the homogeneity of particle sizes compared to the non-sonicated catalyst,where large agglomerates and non-homogeneous clusters appeared. Water used as a sonication medium showed many large agglomerates in addition to some smaller particles resulted in lowcatalytic activity. The different alcohols and( Wcatalyst/ Vliquid) ratio were examined to give precise correlation with the catalytic activity of the sonicated CuO / H-mOR zeolite catalyst. These findings certified that ultrasonication has a deep effect on the surface morphology and hence on the catalytic behavior of the dehydration of methanol to DmE. NH3-TPD shows that ultrasound irradiation has enhanced the acidity of CuO / H-mOR catalyst and hence it's catalytic performance for

关键词：燃料化学催化原理催化反应

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Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable mg alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： k.V.Nadaraia D.V.mashtalyar m.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova I.m.Imshinetskiy m.S.Gerasimenko E.A.Belov V.V.kumeiko D.N.kozyrev k.A.Fomenko V.V.mostovaya B.R.Torpanov A.R.Biktimirov I.S.Osmushko S.L.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS 159 Pr.100-letiya VladivostokaVladivostok 690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University 10 Ajax BayRussky IslandVladivostok 690922Russia A.V.Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of marine Biology FEB RAS 17 St.PalchevskogoVladivostok 690041Russia Regional Clinical Dermatovenerological Dispensary 18 V St.GamarnikaVladivostok 690033Russia NmIC“Treatment and Rehabilitation Center” 3 Ivankovskoe highwayMoscow 125367Russia

In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a mg-mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic vancomycin,widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(***),was impregnated into the *** with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against *** mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied,as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were *** to SEm,EDS,XRD and XPS data,coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high *** analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences,confirming the high roughness of the *** electrochemical tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was *** to the results of an in vivo study,after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin,no signs of inflammation were observed,while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by *** release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day *** the experiment,no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed;clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.

关键词： Bioactive coatings Biocompatibility mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite Vancomycin

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Late corneal ectasia after penetrating and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for keratoconus

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1828-1836页

作者： Bora Yüksel Arife Esra kocakaya Tuncay küsbeci Fatih Gümüş Department of Ophthalmology University of Health SciencesIzmir Bozyaka Education and Research HospitalIzmir 35110Türkiye

AIm:To investigate tomographic features of late corneal ectasia after keratoplasty for keratoconus and compare penetrating keratoplasty(Pk)and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty(DALk)in terms of incidence,time of onset and risk factors of corneal ***:Sixty eyes with Pk and 30 eyes with DALk operated between 1999 and 2021 were *** Pentacam scans were evaluated together with vision and previous *** outcome measures were vision,k values,apparent thinning on graft-host cornea and the difference between opposing quadrants in the thinnest point *** segment optic coherence tomography was performed for further ***:mean follow-up was 127.2mo(24–282mo)in Pk,and 64.3mo(24–144mo)in DALk.k max was higher in DALk(60.6 vs 56.7 D,P=0.012).Inferior recipient was thinner(595.9μm)in Pk than DALk(662.2μm,P=0.021),due to longer *** corneal ectasia rate was 20.0%within *** rate was the same(6.7%)in DALk 2/30 and in Pk 4/60 in 10y and 13.3%in 12y(4/30 and 8/60,respectively).It increased to 23.3%(14/60)in Pk over *** ectasia was not seen before 7y in Pk,it could be seen in DALk starting from the 5^(th) *** intervals between keratoplasty and ectasia were 144.5mo in Pk and 99mo in *** recipient was significantly thinner in 18 eyes with ectasia(502.7μm)compared to 76 non-ectasia(649.1μm,P=0.000).Inferior graft was thinner(561.0 vs 620.4μm,P=0.006),k max(63.3 vs 56.5 D,P=0.000),and anterior elevation was higher in ectasia(89.1 vs 48.6μm,P=0.002).Accelerated crosslinking was performed on 5 ***:Inferior-superior recipient and inferior graft thinning on tomography,with high k max and anterior elevation emerge as the most reliable criteria for the diagnosis of late *** incidence of corneal ectasia increases with the time.

关键词： keratoconus penetrating keratoplasty deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty corneal ectasia

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多盘连续可变工作间隙磁流变制动器仿真与验证

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重庆大学学报 2024年第8期47卷 26-38页

作者：李东恒王娜 Saiful Anuar abu Bakar 宋万里马来西亚理工大学汽车发展中心马来西亚新山81310 马来西亚理工大学机械工程学院马来西亚新山81310 柳州职业技术大学机电工程学院广西柳州545006 东北大学机械工程与自动化学院沈阳110819

为提高磁流变制动器制动能效,提出一种多盘连续可变磁流变液工作间隙结构的磁流变制动器。在ANSYS workbench环境下完成不同电流、间隙状态下的三维静态磁场仿真,对磁场沿工作间隙分布状况进行分析,通过试验台架对制动器性能进行测试。... 详细信息

为提高磁流变制动器制动能效,提出一种多盘连续可变磁流变液工作间隙结构的磁流变制动器。在ANSYS workbench环境下完成不同电流、间隙状态下的三维静态磁场仿真,对磁场沿工作间隙分布状况进行分析,通过试验台架对制动器性能进行测试。结果表明,磁流变液工作区域磁矢量分布相对均匀,无明显积聚现象,磁路设计合理。理论与实验结果变化趋势基本吻合,但在电流较大时,两者之间误差呈逐渐增大趋势。制动力矩在0~2.5 A电流变化区间增速较快,而在2.5~4.0 A区间明显放缓,最大力矩达到146.4 N·m,较间隙未改变状态增加25.80%。设计的制动器TVR值达到48.81 kN·m/m^(3),较传统磁流变制动器结构更紧凑,力矩调节范围更广,设计思路及实验结论对磁流变制动器结构的进一步研究具有借鉴意义。

关键词：磁流变液楔形工作间隙连续可变制动性能

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Seasonal changes in Porteresia coarctata (Tateoka) beds along a subtropical coast

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2013年第1期31卷 1-9页

作者： abu HENA m k Department of Animal Science and Fishery Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences University Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus

Shoot density, standing crop （above- and below-ground biomass） and habitat of salt marsh grass Porteresia coarctata were investigated along the coast of Bakkhali estuary, Cox＇s Bazar, Bangladesh from January to December 2006. Shoot density of P. coarctata was influenced by season and was found to be higher （〉2 500 shoots/m2） in post-monsoon and minimal in monsoon season; plants were particularly active in vegetative propagation during pre-monsoon. Above-ground biomass was greater along the protected coast compared with the exposed one in this estuary. Below-ground biomass was higher （7.75-269.53 g DW/m2） than that above ground （2.20-114.75 g DW/m2）. Standing crops ofP. coarctata showed a negative relationship （R=-0.77; P〈0.05） with sedimentation rate, while seasonal activity influenced sedimentation. The recorded sedimentation rate was lower （6.09 mg/（cm2·d）） in pre-monsoon and highest （14.55 mg/（cm2·d）） in monsoon season. The mean value of pore water salinity was higher （34.25±65.05） during post-monsoon and lowest （18.0±3.71） in monsoon season. The soil was sandy clay in this P. coarctata bed; it consisted of 86% sand, 13% clay and 1% silt. Soil organic matter dropped during the monsoon season （0.78%-0.67%） and was highest （（2.17±1.42）%-（2.3±1.47）%） during post-monsoon, probably owing to accumulation of decomposed peat on the marsh surface. The mean pore water NH4-N concentration ranged from 2.444-1.65 to 3.33±1.82 μg/L, with a minimum air temperature of 22.09℃ in post-monsoon and a maximum of 31.16℃ in pre-monsoon. Variations of physico-chemical parameters in the soil, water, and climate governed biological parameters of P. coarctata in the Bakkhali estuary, and were comparable with estuarine environments elsewhere.

关键词： standing crop salt marsh Porteresia coarctata Bangladesh

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Impact of device resistances in the performance of graphene‑based terahertz photodetectors

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 87-97页

作者： O.Castelló Sofía m.López Baptista k.Watanabe T.Taniguchi E.Diez J.E.Velázquez-Pérez Y.m.meziani J.m.Caridad J.A.Delgado-Notario Department of Applied Physics University of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain Unidad de Excelencia en Luz y materia Estructurada(LUmES) University of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain Research Center for Electronic and Optical materials National Institute for Materials Science1-1 NamikiTsukuba 305-0044Japan Research Center for materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science1-1 NamikiTsukuba 305-0044Japan Nanotechnology Group USAL-NanolabUniversity of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain

In recent years,graphene field-effect-transistors(GFETs)have demonstrated an outstanding potential for terahertz(THz)photodetection due to their fast response and *** features are essential to enable emerging THz applications,including 6G wireless communications,quantum information,bioimaging and ***,the overall performance of these photodetectors may be utterly compromised by the impact of internal resistances presented in the device,so-called access or parasitic *** this work,we provide a detailed study of the influence of internal device resistances in the photoresponse of high-mobility dual-gate GFET *** dual-gate architectures allow us to fine tune(decrease)the internal resistance of the device by an order of magnitude and consequently demonstrate an improved responsivity and noise-equivalent-power values of the photodetector,*** results can be well understood by a series resistance model,as shown by the excellent agreement found between the experimental data and theoretical *** findings are therefore relevant to understand and improve the overall performance of existing high-mobility graphene photodetectors.

关键词： Graphene THz Photodetector Field-effect transistor Plasmonic

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Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： m.k.i Barua m.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna k.Girish Peter V.Chrystal Velmurugu Ravindran monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand Department of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshiChattogram 4225Bangladesh Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik(SEA)Pte.Ltd609927 Singapore Complete Feed Solutions Howick 2145AucklandNew Zealand

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients(SIDC)of nitrogen(N)and amino acids(AA)in two protein sources(soybean meal[SBm]and canola meal[Cm])were investigated at six broiler ages(d 7,14,21,28,35,and 42).Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBm(413 g/kg)or Cm(553 g/kg)as the sole dietary AA *** dioxide(5 g/kg)was added as an indigestible marker.A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age *** assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7(14 birds/cage),14(12 birds/cage),21(10 birds/cage),28(8 birds/cage),35(8 birds/cage)and 42(6 birds/cage),*** apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA *** the SBm group,though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced(quadratic;P=0.075)by age,no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indispensable(IAA)and total AA(TAA).An age effect(quadratic;Pm with the highest value recorded at d 7,followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28,which increased beyond d *** SIDC of some individual AA(Arg,Thr,Trp,Cys,Pro)were affected(Pmanner by *** the Cm,the SIDC of N,average SIDC of IAA,DAA and TAA were influenced(quadratic;Pm d 7 to 14,declined at d 21,and then increased beyond d *** average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased *** SIDC of individual AA were affected(linear or quadratic;Pmagnitudes by *** age influence on the SIDC AA was variable,depending on the protein source and *** results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

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Organic-inorganic hybrid materials and architectures in optoelectronic devices: Recent advancements

ChemPhysMater

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ChemPhysmater 2024年第3期3卷 252-272页

作者： m.Arya S.Heera P.meenu k.G.Deepa Department of Physics University of KeralaThiruvananthapuram 695581India Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology University of KeralaThiruvananthapuram 695581India

Organic-inorganic hybrids are next-generation materials for use in high-performance optoelectronic devices owing to their adaptabilities in terms of design and *** article reviews the application of hybrid materials and layers in several widely used optoelectronic devices,i.e.,light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation(LASER),solar cells,and light-emitting diodes(LEDs).The effects of the incorporation of inorganic particles on photostability and optical gain are analyzed in the first section with reference to dye and perovskite ***,the strategies used in blending inorganic nanostructures into organic solar cells and bulk heterojunctions are *** use of various organic layers as electron-and hole-transport materials in Si heterojunction solar cells is reviewed in ***,the benefits of the presence of organic components in quantum-dot-and perovskite-based LEDs are derived from the *** integration of organic and inorganic components with optimal interfaces and morphologies is a challenge in developing hybrid materials with improved efficiencies.

关键词： Optoelectronics Hybrid material Device performance Photostability Advantages

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