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From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-Pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

GPS: graph contrastive learning via multi-scale augmented views from adversarial pooling

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 145-158页

作者： Wei ju Yiyang GU Zhengyang mAO Ziyue QIAO Yifang QIN Xiao LUO Hui XIONG ming ZHANG School of Computer Science National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information ProcessingPeking University Artificial Intelligence Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science University of California

Self-supervised graph representation learning has recently shown considerable promise in a range of fields, including bioinformatics and social networks. A large number of graph contrastive learning approaches have shown promising performance for representation learning on graphs, which train models by maximizing agreement between original graphs and their augmented views(i.e., positive views). Unfortunately, these methods usually involve pre-defined augmentation strategies based on the knowledge of human experts. moreover, these strategies may fail to generate challenging positive views to provide sufficient supervision signals. In this paper, we present a novel approach named graph pooling contrast(GPS) to address these *** by the fact that graph pooling can adaptively coarsen the graph with the removal of redundancy, we rethink graph pooling and leverage it to automatically generate multi-scale positive views with varying emphasis on providing challenging positives and preserving semantics, i.e., strongly-augmented view and weakly-augmented view. Then, we incorporate both views into a joint contrastive learning framework with similarity learning and consistency learning, where our pooling module is adversarially trained with respect to the encoder for adversarial robustness. Experiments on twelve datasets on both graph classification and transfer learning tasks verify the superiority of the proposed method over its counterparts.

关键词： graph representation learning graph neural networks graph contrastive learning graph augmentations graph pooling

日粮中添加高水平的大豆油对绵羊产奶量、乳中共轭亚油酸的含量和体外瘤胃发酵的影响

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饲料与畜牧（新饲料） 2008年第7期 61-61页

作者：张艳玲 P.Gómez-Cortés P.Frutos A.R.mantecón m.juárez m.A.de la Fuente G.Hervás

试验证明饲喂富含亚油酸的植物油可以有效提高牛奶共轭亚油酸（CLA）的含量。然而,日粮中高水平的植物油对动物（主要是绵羊）的生产性能有负面影响。本试验目的是在日粮中添加大豆油,在对绵羊产奶量和瘤胃发酵没有负面影响的情况下提... 详细信息

试验证明饲喂富含亚油酸的植物油可以有效提高牛奶共轭亚油酸（CLA）的含量。然而,日粮中高水平的植物油对动物（主要是绵羊）的生产性能有负面影响。本试验目的是在日粮中添加大豆油,在对绵羊产奶量和瘤胃发酵没有负面影响的情况下提高乳中诸如共轭亚油酸类等有益脂肪酸的含量，

关键词：共轭亚油酸瘤胃发酵产奶量大豆油绵羊日粮高水体外

Impact of nanomaterials on plants:What other implications do they have?

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BIOCELL 2022年第3期46卷 651-654页

作者： ANTONIO juÁrez-mALDONADO Departamento de Botánica Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroSaltillo25315México

The use of nanomaterials has spread and has been applied in different industries,including ***,the possibilities presented by Nms are very varied,from the biostimulation of favorable responses,or the control of pests and diseases,to the monitoring of characteristics of interest with the use of *** the biostimulation of agricultural crops with the use of nanomaterials is very relevant,since from this process stress tolerance,higher content of biocompounds,etc.,can be *** the positive impacts on crops are clear,there is not enough information to determine the long-term impacts,both on ecosystems and on human health.

关键词： Nanotechnology Antioxidant defense system Secondary metabolites Ecosystems and the environment

microhardness,microstructure and Electrochemical Efficiency of an Al(Zn/xmg) Alloy after Thermal Treatment

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2012年第3期28卷 255-260页

作者： Socorro Valdez m.Suarez O.A.Fregoso J.A.juárez-Islas Instituto de Ciencias Fisicas-UNAm Av.Universidad S/N Col.Chamilpa062210CuernavacaMorelosMéxico Instituto de Investigaciones en materiales-UNAm Circuito escolar S/NCd.Universitaria04515MéxicoD.F.México

The influence of mg on the microhardness,microstructure and electrochemical efficiency of Al（Zn/xmg） alloys have been ***（Zn/xmg） alloys were prepared by metal mould casting method to diminish the process cost and to generate an alloy with homogenous microstructure and less casting *** hardness,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were performed to determine the mg influence on the AlZn *** efficiency was used to relate the influence of mg with the thermal treatment on the corrosion behavior of the Al（Zn/xmg） *** results reveals the presence of Al 32（mgZn） 49 phase for two events;the first is when the mg content is above 5.49% in as-cast condition,and the second after the thermal treatment is carried out at 450℃ for 5 *** results also show that the microhardness and electrochemical efficiency have been influenced by the presence of Al 32（mgZn） 49 *** addition of mg modifies the microstructure,increases the content of Al 32（mgZn） 49 phase and improves the electrochemical efficiency.

关键词： Al(Zn/xmg) alloy microhardness Electrochemical efficiency microstructures

Differential response of injured and healthy retinas to syngeneic and allogeneic transplantation of a clonal cell line of immortalized olfactory ensheathing glia:a double-edged sword

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2395-2407页

作者： maría Norte-muñoz maría Portela-Lomba Paloma Sobrado-Calvo Diana Simón Johnny Di Pierdomenico Alejandro Gallego-Ortega mar Pérez JosémCabrera-maqueda Javier Sierra manuel Vidal-Sanz maría Teresa moreno-Flores marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la SaludMurciaSpain Experimental Sciences Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain Anatomy Histology and Neuroscience DepartmentMedicine FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Center of Neuroimmunology Service of NeurologyLaboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological DiseasesHospital Clínic of BarcelonaInstitut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer(IDIBAPS)and Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain medicine Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain

Olfactory ensheathing glia promote axonal regeneration in the mammalian central nervous system,including retinal ganglion cell axonal growth through the injured optic ***,it is unknown whether olfactory ensheathing glia also have neuroprotective *** ensheathing glia express brain-derived neurotrophic factor,one of the best neuroprotectants for axotomized retinal ganglion ***,we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective capacity of olfactory ensheating glia after optic nerve *** ensheathing glia cells from an established rat immortalized clonal cell line,TEG3,were intravitreally injected in intact and axotomized retinas in syngeneic and allogeneic mode with or without microglial inhibition or immunosuppressive *** and gene expression analyses were *** bulb-derived primary olfactory ensheathing glia and TEG3 express major histocompatibility complex classⅡ*** and syngenically transplanted TEG3 cells survived in the vitreous for up to 21 days,forming an *** axotomized retinas,only the allogeneic TEG3 transplant rescued retinal ganglion cells at 7 days but not at 21 *** these retinas,microglial anatomical activation was higher than after optic nerve crush *** intact retinas,both transplants activated microglial cells and caused retinal ganglion cell death at 21 days,a loss that was higher after allotransplantation,triggered by pyroptosis and partially rescued by microglial inhibition or ***,neuroprotection of axotomized retinal ganglion cells did not improve with these *** different neuroprotective properties,different toxic effects,and different responses to microglial inhibitory treatments of olfactory ensheathing glia in the retina depending on the type of transplant highlight the importance of thorough preclinical studies to explore these variables.

关键词： cell therapy immune recognition major histocompatibility complex class II(mHCII) neuroprotection olfactory ensheathing glia retinal ganglion cells

Navigating the controversy regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in acute variceal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2485-2487页

作者： David Aguirre-Villarreal Ignacio García-juárez Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant Unit Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico

Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding is part of the standard of care according to most clinical ***,with recent evidence arguing against antibiotic prophylaxis,the role of this... 详细信息

关键词： Cirrhosis Acute variceal bleeding Antibiotic prophylaxis Endoscopic band ligation Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

maintaining moderate levels of hypochlorous acid promotes neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the recovery phase of stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 845-857页

作者： Lin-Yan Huang Yi-De Zhang Jie Chen Hai-Di Fan Wan Wang Bin Wang ju-Yun ma Peng-Peng Li Hai-Wei Pu Xin-Yian Guo Jian-Gang Shen Su-Hua Qi School of medical Technology Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory DiagnosticsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory medicine Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s HospitalHuai’anJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Chinese medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

It has been shown clinically that continuous removal of ischemia/reperfusion-induced reactive oxygen species is not conducive to the recovery of late ***,previous studies have shown that excessive increases in hypochlorous acid after stroke can cause severe damage to brain *** previous studies have found that a small amount of hypochlorous acid still exists in the later stage of stroke,but its specific role and mechanism are currently *** simulate stroke in vivo,a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model was established,with an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model established in vitro to mimic *** found that in the early stage(within 24 hours)of ischemic stroke,neutrophils produced a large amount of hypochlorous acid,while in the recovery phase(10 days after stroke),microglia were activated and produced a small amount of hypochlorous ***,in acute stroke in rats,hypochlorous acid production was prevented using a hypochlorous acid scavenger,taurine,or myeloperoxidase inhibitor,4-aminobenzoic acid *** results showed that high levels of hypochlorous acid(200μm)induced neuronal apoptosis after oxygen/glucose deprivation/***,in the recovery phase of the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,a moderate level of hypochlorous acid promoted the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and *** suggests that hypochlorous acid plays different roles at different phases of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** levels of hypochlorous acid(5 and 100μm)promoted nuclear translocation ofβ-*** transfection of single-site mutation plasmids,we found that hypochlorous acid induced chlorination of theβ-catenin tyrosine 30 residue,which promoted nuclear ***,our study indicates that maintaining low levels of hypochlorous acid plays a key role in the recovery of neurological function.

关键词： cell differentiation cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury chlorination hypochlorous acid microglia neural stem cell neurogenesis nuclear translocation stroke β-catenin

Neurogenesis dynamics in the olfactory bulb:deciphering circuitry organization, function, and adaptive plasticity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1565-1581页

作者： moawiah m.Naffaa Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Cell Biology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA

Adult neurogenesis persists after birth in the subventricular zone, with new neurons migrating to the granule cell layer and glomerular layers of the olfactory bulb, where they integrate into existing circuitry as inhibitory interneurons. The generation of these new neurons in the olfactory bulb supports both structural and functional plasticity, aiding in circuit remodeling triggered by memory and learning processes. However, the presence of these neurons, coupled with the cellular diversity within the olfactory bulb, presents an ongoing challenge in understanding its network organization and function. moreover,the continuous integration of new neurons in the olfactory bulb plays a pivotal role in regulating olfactory information processing. This adaptive process responds to changes in epithelial composition and contributes to the formation of olfactory memories by modulating cellular connectivity within the olfactory bulb and interacting intricately with higher-order brain regions. The role of adult neurogenesis in olfactory bulb functions remains a topic of debate. Nevertheless, the functionality of the olfactory bulb is intricately linked to the organization of granule cells around mitral and tufted cells. This organizational pattern significantly impacts output, network behavior, and synaptic plasticity, which are crucial for olfactory perception and memory. Additionally, this organization is further shaped by axon terminals originating from cortical and subcortical regions. Despite the crucial role of olfactory bulb in brain functions and behaviors related to olfaction, these complex and highly interconnected processes have not been comprehensively studied as a whole. Therefore, this manuscript aims to discuss our current understanding and explore how neural plasticity and olfactory neurogenesis contribute to enhancing the adaptability of the olfactory system. These mechanisms are thought to support olfactory learning and memory, potentially through increased

关键词： network adaptability neurogenesis neuronal communication olfactory bulb olfactory learning olfactory memory synaptic plasticity