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Efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant recipients:A systematic review of clinical trials

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 156-164页

作者： Carlos m Ardila Pradeep K Yadalam Jaime Ramírez-Arbelaez Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Biomedical Stomatology Research GroupUniversidad de Antioquia U de AMedellín 0057Colombia Department of Postdoctoral Program CIFE University CenterCuernavaca 62330MorelosMexico Department of Periodontics Saveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and HealthSIMATSSaveetha UniversityChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Transplantation Hospital San Vicente FundaciónRionegro 054047Colombia

BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ *** To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant *** A systematic review was conducted using a search methodology consistent with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and *** review included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial agents(prophylactic or therapeutic)aimed at preventing antimicrobial *** search strategy involved analyzing multiple databases,including Pubmed/mEDLINE,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and SciELO,as well as examining gray literature sources on Google Scholar.A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted from the databases’inception until may 2024,with no language *** After the final phase of the eligibility assessment,this systematic review ultimate-ly included 7 articles.A total of 2318 patients were *** most studied microorganisms were cytomegalovirus,although vancomycinresistant enterococci,Clostridioides difficile,and multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales were also *** antimicrobials used in the interventions were mainly maribavir,valganciclovir,gancic-lovir,and *** concern,all clinical trials showed significant proportions of resistant microorga-nisms after the interventions,with no statistically significant differences between the groups(mean resistance 13.47%vs 14.39%),except for two studies that demonstrated greater efficacy of maribavir and valganciclovir(mean resistance 22.2%vs 41.1%in the control group;Pmicrobial-resistant microor

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobials Antivirals Solid organ transplant recipients Infections microorganisms Cytomegalovirus

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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert J.Thomas m.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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A comprehensive review of phytochemical approaches in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia:Associated pathways and molecular mechanisms

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Chinese Herbal medicines 2025年第1期17卷 41-55页

作者： mouvanal Sajana T.S.Gopenath Basalingappa m.Kanthesh Division of molecular Biology School of Life SciencesJSS AHER Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics School of Life SciencesJSS AHER

Acute myeloid leukemia(AmL) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone *** review conducts a thorough analysis of AmL, addressing its genetic *** examination extends to the current therapeutic approaches employed for AmL,shedding light on their efficacy and the notable side effects experienced by patients undergoing these treatments,leading to a low overall survival ***,exploring alternative treatments,such as phytochemicals,is ***,the review explores the complex landscape of phytochemicals,categorizing them based on their diverse properties,which include alkaloids,phenols,terpenoids,organo-sulfur compounds,and other compounds,including quinones,and elucidating their mechanisms of *** emphasis is placed on their involvement in critical signaling pathways,with a particular focus on how these phytochemicals impact AmL when evaluated across a spectrum of cell *** in-depth exploration aims to uncover potential targets within the molecular landscape of AmL where phytochemicals can exert their therapeutic *** review investigates the potential role of plant-derived phytochemicals as adjunctive therapies for *** exploration encompasses the identification of specific phytochemicals that exhibit promising anti-leukemic properties and evaluates their potential in clinical *** conventional treatments,the review explores the integration of complementary and alternative medicine as a holistic approach to managing *** examination encompasses the synergy between conventional therapies and alternative interventions,exploring how these combined strategies may enhance overall therapeutic outcomes and mitigate side *** a forward-looking perspective,the overarching goal is to contribute to the evolving landscape of AmL treatment by considering innovative approaches that harness the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals,both independently and in conjunction with establishe

关键词： cell death complementary and alternative medicine leukemia phytochemicals signaling pathways therapeutic targets

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A Cost-Effective Flood Warning System for Small Urban Basins

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年第1期36卷 307-313页

作者： Robert E.Criss Eric m.Stein Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Washington UniversitySt.Louis MO 63130USA

An effective warning system for flash floods along the upper River des Peres, a small urban stream in eastern missouri, USA, is based on three enterprise-level, automated rain *** floods in this 25 km~2 basin develop rapidly and are commonly caused by small but intense thunderstorm cells, these rain gauges were necessarily deployed within the watershed, and immediate telemetry and processing of rainfall delivered in 5-minute intervals is required. Available data show that damaging floods in this area occur only 30 min to 3 h following the delivery of 38 mm of rainfall or more in a single hour. Water levels along this stream can rise more than 3 m/h. Since full deployment in Nov. 2021, our system has successfully predicted 3 significant floods with one false positive.

关键词： urban floods flood warning water levels hydrology

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Antibacterial activity of leaves and inter-nodal callus extracts of mentha arvensis L

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2011年第3期4卷 196-200页

作者： johnson m Wesely EG Kavitha mS Uma V Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology St.Xavier's College(Autonomous)Palayamkottai-627 002Tamil NaduIndia Department of Botany Arignar Anna Government Arts CollegeNamakkalTamil NaduIndia Centre for Biotechnology Muthayammal College of Arts and ScienceNamakkal Dist.Rasipuram-637 408Tamil NaduIndia Department of Botany V.H.N.S.N.CollegeVirudhunagar-626 001Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To determine the anti-bacterial efficacy of chloroform,ethanol,ethyl acetate and water extracts of inter-nodal and leaves derived calli extracts from mentha arvensis(***) against Salmonella typhi(***),Streptococcus pyogenes(***),Proteus vulgaris(P. vulgaris) and Bacillus subtilis(***).methods:The inter-nodal and leaves segments of *** were cut into 0.5-0.7 cm in length and cultured on murashige and Skoog solid medium supplemented with 3%sucrose,gelled with 0.7%agar and different concentration of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetie acid(2,4-D) either alone or in *** preliminary phytochemical screening was performed by Brindha et al *** efficacy was performed by disc diffusion method and incubated for 24 h at 37℃.Results:maximum percentage of callus formation(inter-nodal segments 84.3±0.78;leaves segments 93.8±1.27) was obtained on murashige and Skoog’s basal medium supplemented with 3%sucrose and 1.5 mg/L of 2,*** ethanol extracts of leaves derived calli showed the maximum bio-efficacy than other *** leaves and stem derived calli extracts on Proteus *** that the plants can be used in the treatment of urinary tract infection associated with Proteus *** the bacterial efficacy studies,it is confirmed that the in vitro raised calli tissue was more effective compared to in vivo ***:The bio-efficacy study confirmed that the calli mediated tissues showed the maximum zone of *** present study paved a protocol to establish high potential cell lines by in vitro culture.

关键词： In vitro Callus Bacterial efficacy mentha

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Preliminary phytochemical and antimicrobial studies on a spike-moss Selaginella inaequalifolia(hook.& grev.) Spring

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2010年第12期3卷 957-960页

作者： Varaprasadham Irudayaraj Janaky m marimuthu johnson Nallayan Selvan Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology St.Xavier's College(Autonomous)Palayamkottai - 627 002Tamil NaduIndia Centre for Biotechnology Muthayammal College of Arts & ScienceRasipuram - 637 408Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To screen the anti-cancer spike-mosses for the presence of various bioactivities and to identify the important bioactive chemicals present in Selaginella inaequalifolia(S. inaequalifolia)(Hook.& Grev.) ***:Preliminary phytochemical screening was done by following the method of Brindha et *** study was carried out by disc diffusion ***:Results of preliminary phytochemical screening on five different extracts(petroleum ether,benzene,chloroform,ethanol and distilled water) of the spike-moss *** show the presence steroids,triterpenes,phenolic group,tannin,sugars and ***,amino acids,anthraquinone and reducing sugar did not show any positive *** the five different extracts,ethanol and chloroform extracts show the presence of maximum number(4 each) of *** results on antimicrobial studies show that all the three microbes[Staphylococcus aureus(***),Escherichia coli(***) and Candida albicans (***)]tested are resistant to the ethanol extract and susceptible to petroleum ether *** petroleum ether extract shows maximum inhibition with 45 mm of inhibition zone in *** inhibition zone in *** and *** are 26 mm and 22 mm respectively. Conclusions:The present study shows *** having potent antibacterial and anticandidal activities.

关键词： Spike moss Selaginella inaequalifolia Phytochemical screening Antimicrobial activity

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ARCHImEDES'PRINCIPLE OF FLOTATION AND FLOATING BODIES:CONSTRUCTION,EXTENSIONS AND RELATED PROBLEmS

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Acta mathematica Scientia 2025年第1期45卷 237-256页

作者： Chunyan LIU Elisabeth m.WERNER Deping YE 张宁 School of mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan430048China Department of mathematics Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH44106USA Department of mathematics and Statistics Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNewfoundlandCanadaA1C 5S7 Department of mathematics and Statistics Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sSchool of Mathematics and StatisticsHuazhong University of Science and Technology1037 Luoyu RoadWuhan430074China

In this article,we explain how the famous Archimedes’principle of flotation can be used to construct various floating *** survey some of the most important results regarding the floating bodies,including their relations with affine surface area and projection body,their extensions in different settings such as space forms and log-concave functions,and mention some associated open problems.

关键词： flfoating body affine surface area log-concave functions

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Biodiversity and interactions of acidophiles:Key to understanding and optimizing microbial processing of ores and concentrates

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第6期18卷 1367-1373页

作者： D.B.johnson School of Biological Sciences Bangor University

采矿公司为从低档矿石恢复贱、宝贵的金属，并且为重新调停变得逐渐地知道 microbiological 途径的潜力从操作和放弃的矿地点排干的酸的、充满金属的废水。生物系统出现很多环境并且(有时) 超越常规途径的节俭的优点尽管他们的申请是，... 详细信息

采矿公司为从低档矿石恢复贱、宝贵的金属，并且为重新调停变得逐渐地知道 microbiological 途径的潜力从操作和放弃的矿地点排干的酸的、充满金属的废水。生物系统出现很多环境并且(有时) 超越常规途径的节俭的优点尽管他们的申请是，例如热冶学，别处于每种状况拨出。矿物质用微生物处理为提取黄金，铜，铀和钴被利用了，并且当前的开发正在指向另外的贱金属。最近，我们 biomining 环境，并且微生物怎么与对方一起交往的微生物学的差异的知识和理解有大增加。从模仿了搅动的坦克和堆生物反应器系统的实验室实验的结果证明了微生物引起的协会比氧化矿物质的 acidophiles 的纯文化更柔韧，并且也趋于在 bioleaching 和氧化简历的矿石更有效并且专注。纸论述了性质的简明评论和涉及硫化物矿物质的氧化的微生物引起的协会的相互作用，并且这些怎么可能被改编在 biomining 操作遇见未来挑战。

关键词：嗜酸细胞生物采矿生物多样性微生物加工

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Experimental modelling of Transverse Oscillations in Aquaculture Netting Parallel to the Flow – Sounds Baffling

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China Ocean Engineering 2015年第3期29卷 391-400页

作者： Andrew johnson Cheslav BALASH National Centre for maritime Engineering and Hydrodynamics Australian Maritime CollegeUniversity of Tasmania Launceston

Numerous studies have been undertaken to improve the viability, durability and suitability of materials and methods used for aquaculture enclosures. While many of the previous studies considered macro-deformation of nets, there is a paucity of information on netting micro-deformation. When aquaculture pens are towed, industry operators have observed the motion described as ＂baffling＂ – the transverse oscillation of the net planes parallel and near parallel to the flow. The difficulty to observe and assess baffling motion in a controlled experimental environment is to sufficiently reproduce netting boundary conditions and the flow environment experienced at sea. The focus of the present study was to develop and assess experimental methods for visualisation and quantification of these transverse oscillations. Four netrig configurations with varied boundary conditions and model-netting properties were tested in a flume tank. While the Reynolds number was not equivalent to full-scale, usage of the pliable and fine mesh model netting that enabled baffling to develop at low flow velocities was deemed to be of a larger relevance to this initial study. Baffling was observed in the testing frame that constrained the net sheet on the leading edge, similarly to a flag attachment onto a pole. Baffling motion increased the hydrodynamic drag of the net by 35%–58% when compared to the previously developed formula for taut net sheets aligned parallel to the flow. Furthermore, it was found that the drag due to baffling decreased with the increasing velocity over the studied Reynolds numbers（below 200）; and the drag coefficient was non-linear for Reynolds numbers below 120. It is hypothesised that baffling motion is initially propagated by vortex shedding of the netting twine which causes the netting to oscillate; there after the restoring force causes unstable pressure differences on each side of the netting which excites the amplitude of the netting oscillations.

关键词： aquaculture pen baffling model net testing netting drag netting micro-deformation

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Hybrid and enhanced electrokinetic system for soil remediation from heavy metals and organic matter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 424-450页

作者： Faris m.Hamdi Namuun Ganbat Ali Altaee Akshaya K.Samal Ibrar Ibrar John L.Zhou Adel O.Sharif Centre for Green Technology School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe University of Technology Sydney15 BroadwayNSW 2007Australia Department of Civil Engineering Jazan UniversityJazan 82822Saudi Arabia Centre for Nano and material Sciences Jain UniversityRamanagaraBangaloreKarnataka 562112India School of mechanical Sciences Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyAustralia

The electrokinetic(EK)process has been proposed for soil decontamination from heavy metals and organic *** advantages of the EK process include the low operating energy,suitability for fine-grained soil decontamination,and no need for *** the last three decades,enhanced and hybrid EK systems were developed and tested for improving the efficiency of contaminants removal from *** enhanced-EK processes exhibited excellent efficiency in removing contaminants by controlling the soil pH or the chemical reaction of *** hybrid systems were tested to overcome environmental hurdles or technical drawbacks of decontamination *** of the EK process with phytoremediation,bioremediation,or reactive filtermedia(RFm)improved the remediation process performance by capturing contaminants or facilitating biological agents’movement in the ***,EK process coupling with solar energy was proposed to treat off-grid contaminated soils or reduce the EK energy *** study reviews recent advancements in the enhancement and hybrid EK systems for soil remediation and the type of contaminants targeted by the *** study also covered the impact of operating parameters,imperfect pollution separation,and differences in the physicochemical characteristics and microstructure of soil/sediment on the EK ***,a comparison between various remediation processes was presented to highlight the pros and cons of these technologies.

关键词： Electrokinetic Soil remediation Reactive filter media Enhanced electrokinetic Contaminants

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